Keywords: Linux печать, Debian, cups system, HP Linux and Image software, установка, добавление , настройка принтеров, принт сервер.
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Печать в Debian (CUPS)
CUPS (Common UNIX Printing System) — сервер печати для UNIX-подобных операционных систем.(http://www.cups.org/)
Этот раздел поможет быстро научиться (или вспомнить) как можно установить,настроить и расшарить принтер(ы) в сети . Данное руководство не претендует на полноту, а лишь помогает быстро "войти в тему". По остальным вопросам поможет Гугл или знакомый гуру.
Страница находится в активной разработке
Если есть что добавить, дополняйте разделы новой информацией. Наши опечатки и ошибки в статье можно править смело, нет необходимости сообщать об этом на почту, просьба соблюдать стилевое оформление этой страницы и использовать разделители разделов (серые линии различной толщины).
Contents
Установка
В дальнейшем установка и настройка будут проводиться на примере принтера Samsung ML-2010 c USB подключением.
Сперва стоит убедиться что Debian распознал устройство
root@host:~# hwinfo --printer | grep Model Model: "Samsung ML-2010"
Далее на www.openprinting.org ищем рекомендуемые PPD драйвера для принтера. К примеру там видно, что для Samsung ML-2010 нужен Splix. Этот пакет есть в репозиториях Debian.
aptitude install splix
Далее yстанавливаем CUPS:
aptitude install cups
Далее все настройки следует проводить в Web интерфейсе. По-умолчанию доступ к Web-морде открыт только с localhost. К примеру, если нужно открываем доступ от IP 192.168.0.6
nano /etc/cups/cupsd.conf ... # Слушаем 631 порт на локальном IP 192.168.0.11 Listen localhost:631 Listen 192.168.0.11:631 Listen /var/run/cups/cups.sock .... # Открываем доступ к CUPS <Location /> Order allow,deny Allow 192.168.0.6 </Location> # Открываем доступ к администрированию CUPS <Location /admin> Order allow,deny Allow 192.168.0.6 </Location> # Открываем доступ к файлам конфигурации CUPS <Location /admin/conf> AuthType Default Require user @SYSTEM Order allow,deny Allow 192.168.0.6 </Location>
И применяем настройки
/etc/init.d/cups restart
Далее открываем Web-морду
http://localhost:631/
или так
https://192.168.6.11:631/admin
- Далее жмём "Добавить принтер"
- Выбираем наш локальный принтер и жмём "Продолжить"
- Если надо открываем общий доступ и жмём "Продолжить"
- Выбираем PPD драйвер принтера и жмём "Добавить принтер"
- Выставляем настройки по-умолчанию и сохраняем их
На вкладке "Администрирование" отмечаем и сохраняем "Разрешить совместный доступ к принтерам, подключенным к этой системе".
На вкладке "Принтеры" выбираем наш принтер. Далее выпадающий список "Администрирование" --> "Установить как принтер по-умолчанию"
Для проверки выбираем выпадающий список "Обслуживание" --> "Печать пробной страницы"
Статус принтера
- Запущен ли планировщик печати?
lpstat -r
- Какой принтер установлен по-умолачнию
lpstat -d
Print to a PDF
You may not have a physical printer but need to get a document ready to print then you could to a PDF file.
First you'll need to install cups-pdf by running the following:
aptitude install cups-pdf
Once completed you need to setup the printer in Gnome as follows. Go to:
System--> Administration--> Printing
This will bring up a list of printers and in here you'll see an icon Add Printer
Now follow the steps as defined below:
Select "Local Printer" and use a "detected printer --> PDF printer". Manufacturer --> Generic, Model --> postscript color printer rev4, Driver --> Standard Apply
Finally you'll get a PDF folder in your Home.
CUPS Administration
CUPS can also be administered via its web interface (http://localhost:631). You will be asked for the root user login and password.
- Any other setting can be done through the easy web interface or using a print settings program as root:
http://localhost:631/
- Options include: pause, resume, cancel print jobs, etc.
- [Optional]You can also login to the web interface as any user in the "lpadmin" group
No Printer Drivers
Most of the more common printer should already have drivers in cups system. For the newer or more commercial once see the manufacture website. You should look for the PPD file of your printer model. The PPD file describes the capabilities of the printer. For a comprehensive review and database of printer models, drivers and PPD files see http://www.linuxprinting.org
Brother
Canon (PPD)
For copier/printer/scanner like Imagerunner 5065
Download the PPD drivers: http://downloads.canon.com/cpr/software/imagerunner/PPD_v241.exe
- Run it using wine. This will unzip the PPD to temp folder. Find your printer and use the QX PPD drivers.
HP
Install hplip package. For new printers, it may be necessary to download and install hplip directly from the project web site. Check your printer here: HPLIP supported printers. This page will show the version of hplip required by your model. Setup the printer by running hp-setup (see below).
Kyoceramita (PPD)
Above Information merged from Lucasmanual.com Printing Section
Alternative Automatic Configuration
system-config-printer (formally 'printconf')
system-config-printer is a printer administration tool which first appeared in Fedora and later in Debian and Ubuntu. The purpose of the tool is to configure a CUPS server (often the local machine) using the CUPS API. The tool is written in Python, using pygtk for the graphical parts and with some Python bindings (pycups) for the CUPS API.
It is largely the same as using the CUPS web interface for configuring printers, but has the advantage of being a native application rather than a web page.
HP printer setup with 'hp-setup'
hp-setup is included with HP Linux Imaging & Printing project package hplip and performs setup of USB, parallel, and network printers and All-in-Ones. Network printers are automatically detected via mDNS (aka Bonjour on Macs). Using hp-setup to install printer also enables hp utilities for checking ink/toner level and printer maintenance. Run 'hp-check -r' to troubleshoot printing or scanning issues.
Printer Sharing
CUPS as Print Server for Windows Machines
You can setup CUPS to allow Windows machines to print to a CUPS server using an http address.
First, install the samba package. When you are asked to use WINS, say yes.
$ aptitude install samba
Next setup your /etc/cups/cupsd.conf file.
# Our private connection we listen to Listen *:49631 # Allow machines on local network to use printers <Location /printers> Order allow,deny Allow 192.168.0.* Allow 192.168.1.* </Location>
This will listen on port 49631 from any network. You may use some other port number besides 631. Note that the dynamic and/or private ports as specified by the IANA are in the range 49152 through 65535. Also, this will only allow computers from the local network to print to the CUPS printers.
Next, restart the CUPS daemon
$ /etc/init.d/cups restart
Now on each Windows machine, Choose that you want to install a network printer and that you want to install a printer on the Internet or home/office network. The URL you will use should be:
http://<cups_server_hostname>:49631/printers/<printer_name>
Lastly, the driver to install is in the Generic section labeled MS Publisher Color Printer.
CUPS and Samba
This section needs updating as you can setup print server via samba print sharing just by uploading drivers.
When printing to windows printers in an NT domain using SMB the Device URI should read
smb://username:password@domain/server/printername
This allows Samba to authenticate against a domain controller for acces to the printer queue.
When printing to a Debian CUPS printer from a machine that connects through Samba, you may need to set up a CUPS class to get things to work.
Printer sharing using Macintosh as the client and Debian as the server
You have a printer on a debian machine and you want to share it with a Macintosh, so that the Mac can print to the Debian-based printer. Try this:
1. Use cups to set up the printer on Debian as described above. The Gnome tool for printer configuration works well, and the 100% bullet-proof way is to use the browser-based CUPS configuration.
2. On the Mac (OS X 10.4+) start Print and Fax from System Preferences. Use the + button to add a printer.
3. Look first in the "Default" tab. If the automagic printer-sharing has worked, and your Mac is connected to the local network properly, then the Debian-based printer should already be visible in the list. Just select it and use the recommended print driver. Your results may vary but you can't go to far wrong if you pick a driver that matches the one you are using on Debian. So, for example, you might like to try using Gutenprint drivers at both ends.
4. If your printer is not visible in the Default tab, then try adding it on the "IP" tab. Pick IPP as the protocol, give the plain IP address of the server in the address box, and in the Queue box put "printers/<debian-queue-name>". Put whatever helps you identify the printer in the Name and Location boxes, and choose a printer driver than matches what you used to set up the printer on Debian. Finally cross your fingers, hold your breath, recite a prayer/spell/incantation, and press the Add button.
As they say: your mileage may vary.
Printing Pictures
Professional looking photos may be obtained when using high quality glossy photo paper on an inkjet printer but care must be taken when submitting the print job. Printing from The Gimp image manipulation program produces very good results. The print dialog will vary depending upon the printer used. The most important settings are type of paper, glossy photo or whatever sort you are using, and image type, "photograph". The size of the printed image is adjusted in the printer dialog as well.
Other printing Systems
Debian has several alternatives available for printing:
CUPS. (Instructions above.) The newer Common UNIX Printing System (or CUPS) is a printing system and general replacement for lpd and the like. It supports the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP), and has its own filtering driver model for handling various document types.
LPR. The still commonly used traditional printing system is called lpr which works quite well if you have a postscript printer. Otherwise, it is not very simple to set up and doesn't provide much control for users on the printer settings per print job.
RLPR Remote line printer spooling system.
xpp is designed to be able to take the same command-line arguments as BSD-lpr and SysV-lp so most apps won't realize the difference if you create a symbolic link from /usr/bin/lpr (or /usr/bin/lp) to /usr/bin/xpp. This way, whenever an application sends off a print job to the lpr (or lp) program, xpp will launch its GUI so that you can select the options that you would like for this job.
External links
system-config-printer - Gnome's printers configuration .
http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Debian-and-Windows-Shared-Printing/
See also: CUPS