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Translation(s): Brasileiro - English - Italiano - Svenska - Русский
Os pacotes debian são mantidos por uma comunidade de Desenvolvedores Debian e voluntários. Esta página contém informações relevantes a desenvolvedores interessados em no empacotamento de programas para o Debian.
Se você está procurando por informações sobre a instalação e/ou remoção de pacotes do sistema Debian, veja a página package management.
Contents
O que é um "pacote"?
Um pacote Debian é uma coleção de arquivos que permite aplicativos ou bibliotecas serem distribuídos através do sistema de gerenciamento de pacotes Debian. O objetivo de criar pacotes é permitir a automação da instalação, atualização, configuração e remoção de programas para Debian de forma consistente, precisa.
Um pacote Debian consiste em um componente fonte e um ou mais componentes binários. A Política Debian requer que estes arquivos do pacote sejam construídos com uma estrutura e um formato específicos, mas há vários métodos de chegar até estes arquivos.
Apenas pacotes que obedecem a Política Debian serão aceitos no depósito de arquivos. Pacotes binários contruídos manualmente (.deb) sem um pacote fonte nunca serão aceitos.
Pacotes fonte não contém apenas Source packages not only contain the upstream source distribution and options for the Debian package build system but also lists of run-time dependencies and conflicting packages, a machine-readable description of copyright and license information, initial configurations, etc.
While the goal of packaging is to produce these files, for the most part, you will be working with the unpacked source in a directory. The source package (.dsc) and binary packages (.deb) will be built for you by tools such as dpkg-buildpackage.
You can read more about the anatomy of binary packages or source packages on their wiki pages.
Introdução ao Empacotamento Debian
Se você está começando, leia a documentação oficial primeiro:
the Debian New Maintainers' Guide -- tutorial simples
Debian Packaging Tutorial -- tutorial baseado em slides
Debian Policy -- regras de orientação
Developers Reference -- guia avançado etc.
Para se ter uma boa base de empacotamento Debian:
Primeiro leia introduction to Debian Packaging para se construir um pacote do início,
you can also look at the building tutorial to apply changes to an existing package.
Now that you have seen the basics, it is highly recommended that you read some real stuff:
the Debian New Maintainers' Guide describes the building of a Debian package to ordinary Debian users.
the Debian Policy includes technical requirements that each package must satisfy.
Then, if you are looking for answers, you can come back here or read:
the interesting pdf file included in the package packaging-tutorial.
The Developers Reference provides an overview of the recommended procedures and the available resources for Debian developers.
What not to do:
There are no shortcuts to learning good packaging practices. Avoid equivs which is only useful for building trivial metapackages and does not teach you anything about packaging.
Packaging Procedures
Types / Formats
AndroidTools - android tools
Fonts - packages
Go - libraries and applications
Haskell - libraries (outdated, updating is listed as TODO item on Haskell)
Java - libraries and applications
JavaScript - libraries and applications
Lua - modules
Mono - libraries and applications
Mozilla Extensions - XUL extensions
OCaml - libraries
Python - modules and applications
Ruby - modules and applications
RPM - repackaging RPM packages as .deb packages
Tools
Quilt - patch management
Darcs - version control
Git - version control
Pbuilder - build tool
Secure Pbuilder - builder tool
Advanced Procedures
?hacking dependencies
Useful Pages
?Adding and removing diversions
?How to split a package into smaller packages
Repackage_srcrpm - creating a proper Debian source package while referencing the src.rpm package
Creating package without some particular architectures - for easy porting
DEX - improving Debian and its derivatives through cross-community teamwork
Sessões de Treino
Da Debian Women
DebianWomen organise interesting training sessions.
Outras Informações
Links externos úteis
http://qref.sourceforge.net/Debian/reference/ch-package.en.html
http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/ and package apt-howto
http://www.debian.org/devel/wnpp/prospective - requested packages, and packages being worked on.
What's in a debian/ directory - detailed worked example
Veja também:
http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-debpkg.html : creating debian packages - high-level description of debian packaging .
http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/336 Rolling your own debian packages.
Autobuilding non-free packages: http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.debian.devel.announce/997
PackageConfigUpgrade : propose a new way to smoothly handle configuration upgrades during package upgrades