Debian supports all kinds of graphical environments from fully-featured desktop environments like Gnome and KDE, to lighter environments like Xfce and LXDE, to even lighter window managers like Openbox and tiling window managers like Wmii.
http://www.debian.org/devel/debian-desktop/ - Debian Desktop Homepage
Desktop Environment
The GNOME project provides two things: The GNOME desktop environment, an intuitive and attractive desktop for users, and the GNOME development platform, an extensive framework for building applications that integrate into the rest of the desktop. |
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KDE is a powerful open source graphical desktop environment for Unix workstations. It combines ease of use, contemporary functionality, and outstanding graphical design with the technological superiority of the Unix operating system. |
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Xfce is a lightweight desktop environment for various *NIX systems. Designed for productivity, it loads and executes applications fast, while conserving system resources. |
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LXDE is designed to work well with computers on the low end of the performance spectrum such as older resource-constrained machines, new generation netbooks, and other small computers. |
Window Manager
Openbox is a lightweight and highly configurable window manager with extensive standards support. Its features are well-documented at the official website. |
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FluxBox is a windowmanager for X that was based on the Blackbox 0.61.1 code. It is very light on resources and easy to handle but yet full of features to make an easy, and extremely fast, desktop experience.. |
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Compiz is compositing window managers for the X Window System that uses 3D graphics hardware to create fast compositing desktop effects for window management. |
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Wmii is a dynamic window manager for X11. It supports classic and tiling window management with extended keyboard, mouse, and filesystem based remote control. It replaces the workspace paradigm with a new tagging approach. |
Resources
Display managers like XDM, GDM, WDM, or KDM