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= Hermes, Prism 2/2.5/3 and Spectrum24 devices (orinoco) =
This page describes how to enable support for !WiFi devices based on the Hermes (Lucent/Agere), Prism 2/2.5/3 (Conexant, formerly Intersil) or Spectrum24 Trilogy (Symbol) chipsets, using the Orinoco driver on Debian systems.
= Hermes, Prism 2/2.5/3, Spectrum24 Trilogy devices (orinoco) =
This page describes how to enable support for !WiFi devices based on the Hermes (Lucent/Agere), Prism 2/2.5/3 (Conexant, formerly Intersil) and Spectrum24 Trilogy (Symbol) chipsets; using the Orinoco driver on Debian systems.
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The [http://orinoco.nongnu.org/ Orinoco driver] is a collection of modules providing support for various 802.11b devices, based on the Hermes, Prism 2/2.5/3 or Spectrum24 chipsets: The [http://orinoco.nongnu.org/ Orinoco driver] is a collection of modules providing support for various 802.11b devices, based on the Hermes, Prism 2/2.5/3 or Spectrum24 Trilogy chipsets:
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   * Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism PCMCIA/PC Card devices.    * Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism-based PCMCIA/PC Card devices.
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   * Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism PC Card devices using the Nortel PCI bridge.    * Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism-based PC Card devices using the Nortel PCI bridge.
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   * Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism devices using a direct PCI interface.    * Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism-based devices using a direct PCI interface.
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   * Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism PC Card devices using the PLX9052 PCI bridge.    * Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism-based PC Card devices using the PLX9052 PCI bridge.
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   * Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism PC Card devices using the TMD7160 PCI bridge.    * Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism-based PC Card devices using the TMD7160 PCI bridge.
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   * Supports Symbol Spectrum24 Trilogy PC Card and Compact Flash devices.    * Supports Symbol Spectrum24 Trilogy-based PC Card and Compact Flash devices.
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As of Linux kernel 2.6.28-rc1, downloading of firmware to volatile memory (RAM) is available for Hermes and Spectrum24-based devices. ["WPA"] support was also added for Hermes-based devices.

For WPA support on Hermes-based devices, firmware version 9.42 or later is required. If available, the Orinoco driver will download firmware from userspace during device initialization.
As of Linux kernel 2.6.28-rc1, downloading of firmware to volatile memory (RAM) and ["WPA"] support is available for Hermes-based devices. For WPA support, firmware version 9.42 (or later) is required. The Orinoco driver will attempt to download firmware from userspace during device initialization.

Firmware is required to be provided for Spectrum24 Trilogy-based devices without flash memory (eg. Intel WPC2011BWW, Socket Communications WL6000-320).
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 1. For users with Spectrum24 Trilogy-based devices only:

 Firmware is required for devices without flash memory. This can be downloaded and extracted using the {{{get_symbol_fw}}} script available from [http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/orinoco/ orinoco-fwutils]: {{{
$ su
# aptitude install unzip
# exit
$ wget 'http://downloads.sourceforge.net/orinoco/orinoco-fwutils-0.3.tar.gz?download'
$ tar xvf orinoco-fwutils-0.3.tar.gz
$ cd orinoco-fwutils-0.3
$ ./get_symbol_fw
$ su
# mv symbol_sp24t_prim_fw symbol_sp24t_sec_fw /lib/firmware
}}}
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}}} ''or'' {{{
modprobe spectrum_cs
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==== Troubleshooting ====
 * Spectrum24 Trilogy-based devices without flash memory: Examine the kernel ring buffer (dmesg) to verify required firmware files are being loaded by the driver. If requested firmware is not available, no wireless interface will be created.
  * Ensure the firmware files produced by the {{{get_symbol_fw}}} script ({{{symbol_sp24t_prim_fw}}}, {{{symbol_sp24t_sec_fw}}}) were moved to {{{/lib/firmware}}}.
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You can [#lenny_general skip this section] if WPA support is not required, or if your device has a Prism or Spectrum24 chipset. You can [#lenny_general skip this section] if WPA support is not required, or if your device has a Prism or Spectrum24 Trilogy chipset.
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 1. For users with Spectrum24 Trilogy-based devices only:

 Firmware is required for devices without flash memory. This can be downloaded and extracted using the {{{get_symbol_fw}}} script available from [http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/orinoco/ orinoco-fwutils]: {{{
$ su
# aptitude install unzip
# exit
$ wget 'http://downloads.sourceforge.net/orinoco/orinoco-fwutils-0.3.tar.gz?download'
$ tar xvf orinoco-fwutils-0.3.tar.gz
$ cd orinoco-fwutils-0.3
$ ./get_symbol_fw
$ su
# mv symbol_sp24t_prim_fw symbol_sp24t_sec_fw /lib/firmware
}}}
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}}} ''or'' {{{
modprobe spectrum_cs
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 * Spectrum24 Trilogy-based devices without flash memory: Examine the kernel ring buffer (dmesg) to verify required firmware files are being loaded by the driver. If requested firmware is not available, no wireless interface will be created.
  * Ensure the firmware files produced by the {{{get_symbol_fw}}} script ({{{symbol_sp24t_prim_fw}}}, {{{symbol_sp24t_sec_fw}}}) were moved to {{{/lib/firmware}}}.
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 * http://wireless.kernel.org/en/Drivers/orinoco - Driver page on Linux Wireless  * http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers/orinoco - Driver page on Linux Wireless

[:DebianWiki/EditorGuide#translation:Translation(s)]: none

(!) [:/Discussion:Discussion]


Hermes, Prism 2/2.5/3, Spectrum24 Trilogy devices (orinoco)

This page describes how to enable support for WiFi devices based on the Hermes (Lucent/Agere), Prism 2/2.5/3 (Conexant, formerly Intersil) and Spectrum24 Trilogy (Symbol) chipsets; using the Orinoco driver on Debian systems.

?TableOfContents(3)

This page is about the Orinoco driver. See Wikipedia for information about the [wiki:ORiNOCO ORiNOCO brand].

Driver

The [http://orinoco.nongnu.org/ Orinoco driver] is a collection of modules providing support for various 802.11b devices, based on the Hermes, Prism 2/2.5/3 or Spectrum24 Trilogy chipsets:

  • airport ([#supported_airport supported devices])
    • Supports the [wiki:AirPort.11b_Card ?AirPort Card] (not AirPort Extreme).

  • orinoco_cs ([#supported_orinoco_cs supported devices])
    • Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism-based PCMCIA/PC Card devices.
  • orinoco_nortel ([#supported_orinoco_nortel supported devices])
    • Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism-based PC Card devices using the Nortel PCI bridge.
  • orinoco_pci ([#supported_orinoco_pci supported devices])
    • Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism-based devices using a direct PCI interface.
  • orinoco_plx ([#supported_orinoco_plx supported devices])
    • Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism-based PC Card devices using the PLX9052 PCI bridge.
  • orinoco_tmd ([#supported_orinoco_tmd supported devices])
    • Supports Lucent/Agere and Prism-based PC Card devices using the TMD7160 PCI bridge.
  • spectrum_cs ([#supported_spectrum_cs supported devices])
    • Supports Symbol Spectrum24 Trilogy-based PC Card and Compact Flash devices.
    • Introduced in kernel 2.6.14.

<!> USB devices are [#unsupported not supported].

While Prism 2/2.5/3 chipsets are supported by this driver, use of the ["hostap"] driver is generally preferred.

As of Linux kernel 2.6.28-rc1, downloading of firmware to volatile memory (RAM) and ["WPA"] support is available for Hermes-based devices. For WPA support, firmware version 9.42 (or later) is required. The Orinoco driver will attempt to download firmware from userspace during device initialization.

Firmware is required to be provided for Spectrum24 Trilogy-based devices without flash memory (eg. Intel WPC2011BWW, Socket Communications WL6000-320).

Installation

The Orinoco driver is included in the mainline Linux kernel since 2.4.3. It is included as modules in Debian kernel images.

Etch

Using [:DebianLenny:Lenny]? [#lenny Skip to the Lenny section].

  1. Install the wireless-tools package:

    aptitude update
    aptitude install wireless-tools
  2. For users with Spectrum24 Trilogy-based devices only:

    Firmware is required for devices without flash memory. This can be downloaded and extracted using the get_symbol_fw script available from [http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/orinoco/ orinoco-fwutils]:

    $ su
    # aptitude install unzip
    # exit
    $ wget 'http://downloads.sourceforge.net/orinoco/orinoco-fwutils-0.3.tar.gz?download'
    $ tar xvf orinoco-fwutils-0.3.tar.gz
    $ cd orinoco-fwutils-0.3
    $ ./get_symbol_fw
    $ su
    # mv symbol_sp24t_prim_fw symbol_sp24t_sec_fw /lib/firmware
  3. If not already performed, connect the device to your system.
  4. The necessary kernel modules should be [:Modules:automatically loaded]. If necessary, the required modules can be loaded manually with one of the following commands (depending on your device's host interface):

    modprobe airport

    or

    modprobe orinoco_cs

    or

    modprobe orinoco_nortel

    or

    modprobe orinoco_pci

    or

    modprobe orinoco_plx

    or

    modprobe orinoco_tmd

    or

    modprobe spectrum_cs
  5. Verify your device has an available interface:

    iwconfig
  6. Raise the interface to activate the radio, for example:

    ifconfig eth1 up
  7. [:WiFi/HowToUse:Configure] your interface as appropriate. See also [#issues known issues].

Troubleshooting

  • Spectrum24 Trilogy-based devices without flash memory: Examine the kernel ring buffer (dmesg) to verify required firmware files are being loaded by the driver. If requested firmware is not available, no wireless interface will be created.
    • Ensure the firmware files produced by the get_symbol_fw script (symbol_sp24t_prim_fw, symbol_sp24t_sec_fw) were moved to /lib/firmware.

?Anchor(lenny)

Lenny

WPA (Hermes/Agere only)

You can [#lenny_general skip this section] if WPA support is not required, or if your device has a Prism or Spectrum24 Trilogy chipset.

For ["WPA"] support, a 2.6.28 (or later) kernel is required. Firmware is also required to be installed prior to driver operation.

  1. Install the git-core package:

    aptitude update
    aptitude install git-core
  2. Acquire Agere v9.48 firmware from the [http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/dwmw2/linux-firmware.git;a=summary linux-firmware] GIT tree:

    git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dwmw2/linux-firmware.git

    Alternatively, the same firmware can be obtained by downloading the attachment of [http://marc.info/?l=orinoco-devel&m=121078835610877 this orinoco-devel message], extracting its contents and renaming the file to agere_sta_fw.bin.

  3. Install the firmware:

    cp linux-firmware/agere_sta_fw.bin /lib/firmware
  4. Add the [:DebianKernel#snapshots:Debian Kernel Snapshots] repository to /etc/apt/sources.list:

    # Debian Kernel Snapshots (experimental!)
    deb http://kernel-archive.buildserver.net/debian-kernel trunk main
  5. Add the Debian Kernel Snapshots repository key:

    wget -q -O - http://kernel-archive.buildserver.net/key | apt-key add -
  6. Install a 2.6.28 (or later) kernel image appropriate for your system. For example:

    aptitude update
    aptitude install linux-image-2.6.28-1-686
  7. Restart your system to boot with this kernel, then continue with the [#lenny_general procedure below].

?Anchor(lenny_general)

General

  1. Install the wireless-tools package:

    aptitude update
    aptitude install wireless-tools
  2. For users with Spectrum24 Trilogy-based devices only:

    Firmware is required for devices without flash memory. This can be downloaded and extracted using the get_symbol_fw script available from [http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/orinoco/ orinoco-fwutils]:

    $ su
    # aptitude install unzip
    # exit
    $ wget 'http://downloads.sourceforge.net/orinoco/orinoco-fwutils-0.3.tar.gz?download'
    $ tar xvf orinoco-fwutils-0.3.tar.gz
    $ cd orinoco-fwutils-0.3
    $ ./get_symbol_fw
    $ su
    # mv symbol_sp24t_prim_fw symbol_sp24t_sec_fw /lib/firmware
  3. If not already performed, connect the device to your system.
  4. The necessary kernel modules should be [:Modules:automatically loaded]. If necessary, the required modules can be loaded manually with one of the following commands (depending on your device's host interface):

    modprobe airport

    or

    modprobe orinoco_cs

    or

    modprobe orinoco_nortel

    or

    modprobe orinoco_pci

    or

    modprobe orinoco_plx

    or

    modprobe orinoco_tmd

    or

    modprobe spectrum_cs
  5. Verify your device has an available interface:

    iwconfig
  6. Raise the interface to activate the radio, for example:

    ifconfig eth1 up
  7. [:WiFi/HowToUse:Configure] your interface as appropriate. See also [#issues known issues].

Troubleshooting

  • For ["WPA"] support on Hermes/Agere-based devices, firmware version 9.42 or later is required to be downloaded to the card.
    • Ensure the Agere station firmware (agere_sta_fw.bin) is available when requested, check the kernel ring buffer (dmesg).

    • WPA capability can be verified by the presence of "WPA-PSK supported" in the buffer:

      [ 2598.821904] eth1: Program end returned 0
      [ 2598.821913] eth1: hermes_present returned 1
      [ 2598.822731] eth1: Hardware identity 0001:0002:0003:0004
      [ 2598.822854] eth1: Station identity  0005:0006:0007:0008
      [ 2598.822868] eth1: Firmware determined as Lucent/Agere 9.48
      [ 2598.822877] eth1: Ad-hoc demo mode supported
      [ 2598.822885] eth1: IEEE standard IBSS ad-hoc mode supported
      [ 2598.822892] eth1: WEP supported, 104-bit key
      [ 2598.822901] eth1: WPA-PSK supported
      [ 2599.051164] eth1: MAC address 00:11:22:33:44:55
      [ 2599.051265] eth1: Station name "HERMES I"
      [ 2599.051828] eth1: ready

    • For wpa_supplicant versions <= 0.5.7, specify "wpa-ap-scan 2" (in /etc/network/interfaces) or "ap_scan=2" (in wpa_supplicant.conf). This is not required for later wpa_supplicant versions.

    • See also [#issues known issues].
  • Spectrum24 Trilogy-based devices without flash memory: Examine the kernel ring buffer (dmesg) to verify required firmware files are being loaded by the driver. If requested firmware is not available, no wireless interface will be created.
    • Ensure the firmware files produced by the get_symbol_fw script (symbol_sp24t_prim_fw, symbol_sp24t_sec_fw) were moved to /lib/firmware.

?Anchor(issues)

Known Issues

WPA

  • Supported with Hermes/Agere-based devices only (for Prism chipsets, see ["hostap"]).
  • Only WPA-PSK [wiki:Temporal_Key_Integrity_Protocol TKIP] is supported at this time.

    • You may need to prevent wpa_supplicant from initially using CCMP, for example:

      iface eth1-home inet dhcp
          wpa-ssid foo
          wpa-psk barbazquxquuxcorgegraultgarplywaldofredplughxyzzythud
          # force WPA-PSK TKIP
          wpa-key_mgmt WPA-PSK
          wpa-proto WPA
          wpa-pairwise TKIP
          wpa-group TKIP

WEP

<!> This encryption method is deprecated and not recommended for use.

  • For Prism-based devices, secondary/station firmware v1.4.9 (or later) is required for functional support?FootNote(http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Jean_Tourrilhes/Linux/Orinoco.html#issues).

Monitor Mode

For Hermes-based devices, Lucent/Agere firmware versions 7.xx and 8.xx are buggy with respect to monitor mode operation. The Orinoco driver will refuse to change to monitor mode if requested (eg. via [http://manpages.debian.net/man/8/iwconfig iwconfig]). Firmware versions <= 6.16 are required for this feature (see [#notes Other Notes] regarding firmware flashing).

Monitor mode operation can be forced on buggy firmware versions by supplying force_monitor=1 as an option to the orinoco module:

echo orinoco force_monitor=1 >> /etc/modprobe.d/local

?Anchor(notes)

Other Notes

The station firmware on Hermes/Agere-based devices can only be permanently upgraded/downgraded (flashed) through utilities available for the Microsoft Windows operating system. Some Agere firmware revisions are [http://ftp.lucky.net/pub/radio/software/ORINOCO/PC_Card/Firmware/ available here]. With respect to the AirPort Card, its firmware can be indirectly flashed during installation of some Mac OS X operating system versions.

Installation of the hostap-utils package will [:KernelModuleBlacklisting:blacklist] the Orinoco driver modules. This package should be purged from your system if not required.

Supported Devices

?Anchor(supported_airport)

airport

The [wiki:AirPort.11b_Card ?AirPort Card] (not AirPort Extreme) is supported. This is an optional networking accessory for the following Apple systems:

  • [wiki:iBook iBook G3] ("Clamshell", "Dual USB / Snow")

  • [wiki:PowerBook_G3 ?PowerBook G3] ("Firewire")

  • Early-model [wiki:PowerBook_G4 ?PowerBook G4] ("Titanium")

  • Other compatible systems (eg. slot-loading iMacs with an AirPort Card adapter)

?Anchor(supported_orinoco_cs)

orinoco_cs

The page ["HowToIdentifyADevice/PC_Card"] explains how to identify a PC Card device.

?Anchor(supported_orinoco_nortel)

orinoco_nortel

The page ["HowToIdentifyADevice/PCI"] explains how to identify a PCI device.

The following list is based on the alias fields of  orinoco_nortel.

?Anchor(supported_orinoco_pci)

orinoco_pci

The page ["HowToIdentifyADevice/PCI"] explains how to identify a PCI device.

The following list is based on the alias fields of  orinoco_pci.

?Anchor(supported_orinoco_plx)

orinoco_plx

The page ["HowToIdentifyADevice/PCI"] explains how to identify a PCI device.

The following list is based on the alias fields of  orinoco_plxl.

?Anchor(supported_orinoco_tmd)

orinoco_tmd

The page ["HowToIdentifyADevice/PCI"] explains how to identify a PCI device.

The following list is based on the alias fields of  orinoco_tmd.

?Anchor(supported_spectrum_cs)

spectrum_cs

The page ["HowToIdentifyADevice/PC_Card"] explains how to identify a PC Card device.

?Anchor(unsupported)

Unsupported

All ORiNOCO-branded USB devices, including:

  • USB: 0411:0006 MelCo., Inc. WLI-USB-L11 Wireless LAN Adapter
    USB: 0411:000B MelCo., Inc. WLI-USB-L11G-WR Wireless LAN Adapter
    USB: 0411:000D MelCo., Inc. WLI-USB-L11G Wireless LAN Adapter
    USB: 047E:0300 Agere Systems, Inc. (Lucent) ORiNOCO Card
    USB: 049F:001F Compaq Computer Corp. WL215 Adapter
    USB: 049F:0076 Compaq Computer Corp. Wireless LAN MultiPort W200
    USB: 049F:0082 Compaq Computer Corp. (Device name unknown)
    USB: 04E8:5002 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd YP-30
    USB: 04E8:5B11 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd SEW-2001u Card
    USB: 04E8:7011 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd SEW-2003U Card
    USB: 05CC:3100 ELSA AG AirLancer USB-11
    USB: 0681:0012 Siemens Information and Communication Products I-Gate 802.11b Adapter
    USB: 0BF8:1002 Fujitsu Siemens Computers (Device name unknown)
    USB: 0D4E:047A Agere Systems Netherland BV WLAN Card
    USB: 0D4E:1000 Agere Systems Netherland BV Wireless Card Model 0801
    USB: 0D4E:1001 Agere Systems Netherland BV Wireless Card Model 0802
    USB: 0D98:0300 Mars Semiconductor Corp. Avaya Wireless Card
    USB: 0D9E:0300 Avaya Wireless Card
    USB: 0E7C:0300 (Vendor name unknown) (Device name unknown)
    USB: 1630:FF81 (Vendor name unknown) (Device name unknown)

The above devices are supported by a [:orinoco_usb:USB-specific fork] of the Orinoco driver.

See Also


CategoryHardware | CategoryWireless