Come identificare un dispositivo > CPU
Come identificare il processore (CPU)
Il metodo con cpuinfo è disponibile su ogni computer con Debian. Gli utenti Gnome possono installare ed usare hardinfo, mentre per KDE si potrà usare kinfocenter.
cpuinfo
Questo è il modo più semplice per ricavare informazioni sul processore installato (da un terminale).
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 14 model name : Genuine Intel(R) CPU T2400 @ 1.83GHz stepping : 8 cpu MHz : 1000.000 cache size : 2048 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 2 core id : 0 cpu cores : 2 fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 10 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx constant_tsc pni monitor vmx est tm2 xtpr bogomips : 3661.53 processor : 1 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 14 model name : Genuine Intel(R) CPU T2400 @ 1.83GHz stepping : 8 cpu MHz : 1000.000 cache size : 2048 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 2 core id : 1 cpu cores : 2 fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 10 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx constant_tsc pni monitor vmx est tm2 xtpr bogomips : 3657.71
Gnome: hardinfo
Lo strumento Informazioni di Sistema di Gnome (Hardinfo in Menu Applicazioni/Strumenti di Sistema, dal pacchetto hardinfo) ha una sezione dedicata al processore.
KDE: KInfocenter
Lo strumento KInfoCenter di KDE (K Menu / Sistema/ KInfoCenter Info Center, dal pacchetto kcontrol) ha una sezione dedicata al processore.
dmidecode
La zona DMI della scheda madre dispone di informazioni sulla CPU e la cache della CPU.
Informazioni sul processore
$ dmidecode -t 4
# dmidecode 2.9
SMBIOS 2.4 present.
Handle 0x0006, DMI type 4, 35 bytes
Processor Information
Socket Designation: None
Type: Central Processor
Family: Other
Manufacturer: GenuineIntel
ID: E8 06 00 00 FF FB E9 BF
Version: Genuine Intel(R) CPU
Voltage: 1.4 V
External Clock: 167 MHz
Max Speed: 1833 MHz
Current Speed: 1833 MHz
Status: Populated, Enabled
Upgrade: None
L1 Cache Handle: 0x000A
L2 Cache Handle: 0x000C
L3 Cache Handle: Not Provided
Serial Number: Not Specified
Asset Tag: Not Specified
Part Number: Not Specified
Informazioni sulla cache
$ dmidecode -t 7
# dmidecode 2.9
SMBIOS 2.4 present.
Handle 0x000A, DMI type 7, 19 bytes
Cache Information
Socket Designation: Internal L1 Cache
Configuration: Enabled, Socketed, Level 1
Operational Mode: Write Back
Location: Internal
Installed Size: 64 KB
Maximum Size: 64 KB
Supported SRAM Types:
Synchronous
Installed SRAM Type: Synchronous
Speed: Unknown
Error Correction Type: Single-bit ECC
System Type: Instruction
Associativity: 8-way Set-associative
Handle 0x000B, DMI type 7, 19 bytes
Cache Information
Socket Designation: Internal L1 Cache
Configuration: Enabled, Socketed, Level 1
Operational Mode: Write Back
Location: Internal
Installed Size: 64 KB
Maximum Size: 64 KB
Supported SRAM Types:
Synchronous
Installed SRAM Type: Synchronous
Speed: Unknown
Error Correction Type: Single-bit ECC
System Type: Data
Associativity: 8-way Set-associative
Handle 0x000C, DMI type 7, 19 bytes
Cache Information
Socket Designation: Internal L2 Cache
Configuration: Enabled, Socketed, Level 2
Operational Mode: Write Back
Location: Internal
Installed Size: 2048 KB
Maximum Size: 2048 KB
Supported SRAM Types:
Burst
Installed SRAM Type: Burst
Speed: Unknown
Error Correction Type: Single-bit ECC
System Type: Unified
Associativity: 8-way Set-associative
cpufreq-info
Se il processore supporta il frequency scaling si può richiedere informazioni su caratteristiche e attuale configurazione usando cpufreq-info (pacchetto: cpufrequtils)
$ cpufreq-info
cpufrequtils 002: cpufreq-info (C) Dominik Brodowski 2004-2006
Report errors and bugs to linux@brodo.de, please.
analyzing CPU 0:
driver: centrino
CPUs which need to switch frequency at the same time: 0 1
hardware limits: 1000 MHz - 1.83 GHz
available frequency steps: 1.83 GHz, 1.33 GHz, 1000 MHz
available cpufreq governors: userspace, powersave, ondemand, conservative, performance
current policy: frequency should be within 1000 MHz and 1.83 GHz.
The governor "ondemand" may decide which speed to use
within this range.
current CPU frequency is 1000 MHz (asserted by call to hardware).
analyzing CPU 1:
driver: centrino
CPUs which need to switch frequency at the same time: 0 1
hardware limits: 1000 MHz - 1.83 GHz
available frequency steps: 1.83 GHz, 1.33 GHz, 1000 MHz
available cpufreq governors: userspace, powersave, ondemand, conservative, performance
current policy: frequency should be within 1000 MHz and 1.83 GHz.
The governor "ondemand" may decide which speed to use
within this range.
current CPU frequency is 1000 MHz (asserted by call to hardware).
cpuid
Il comando CPUID (pacchetto: cpuid) può interrogare la CPU per ottenere informazioni sul CPUID:
$ cpuid Vendor ID: "GenuineIntel"; CPUID level 10 Intel-specific functions: Version 000006e8: Type 0 - Original OEM Family 6 - Pentium Pro Model 14 - Stepping 8 Reserved 0 Extended brand string: "Genuine Intel(R) CPU T2400 @ 1.83GHz" CLFLUSH instruction cache line size: 8 Initial APIC ID: 1 Hyper threading siblings: 2 Feature flags bfe9fbff: FPU Floating Point Unit VME Virtual 8086 Mode Enhancements DE Debugging Extensions PSE Page Size Extensions TSC Time Stamp Counter MSR Model Specific Registers PAE Physical Address Extension MCE Machine Check Exception CX8 COMPXCHG8B Instruction APIC On-chip Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller present and enabled SEP Fast System Call MTRR Memory Type Range Registers PGE PTE Global Flag MCA Machine Check Architecture CMOV Conditional Move and Compare Instructions FGPAT Page Attribute Table CLFSH CFLUSH instruction DS Debug store ACPI Thermal Monitor and Clock Ctrl MMX MMX instruction set FXSR Fast FP/MMX Streaming SIMD Extensions save/restore SSE Streaming SIMD Extensions instruction set SSE2 SSE2 extensions SS Self Snoop HT Hyper Threading TM Thermal monitor 31 reserved TLB and cache info: b0: unknown TLB/cache descriptor b3: unknown TLB/cache descriptor 02: Instruction TLB: 4MB pages, 4-way set assoc, 2 entries f0: unknown TLB/cache descriptor 7d: unknown TLB/cache descriptor 30: unknown TLB/cache descriptor 04: Data TLB: 4MB pages, 4-way set assoc, 8 entries 2c: unknown TLB/cache descriptor Processor serial: 0000-06E8-0000-0000-0000-0000