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Tor Brower protects your privacy while you are surfing the Internet: it prevents somebody watching your Internet connection from learning what sites you visit, it prevents the sites you visit from learning your physical location, and it lets you access sites which are blocked. #language en
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TableOfContents(3)>>

= Introduction =

T
or Browser protects your privacy while you are surfing the Internet: it prevents somebody watching your Internet connection from learning what sites you visit, it prevents the sites you visit from learning your physical location, and it lets you access sites which are blocked.
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You have to update the browser regularly to keep your protection strong. In Debian [[DebianPkg:torbrowser-launcher|torbrowser-launcher]] is used to run Tor Browser and update it automatically.

Install torbrowser-launcher by executing the following command in the terminal as root:
{{{
apt-get install torbrowser-launcher
}}}

Run the browser in GNOME by typing "Tor Browser" in the Activities Search. Run it form the terminal by enterng `torbrowser-launcher` command.

On the first start the new version of the browser will be downloaded and installed. On every subsequent run a check for updates will be done.

Good additions to the Tor Browser are the [[https://adblockplus.org/|Adblock Plus]] and [[https://www.eff.org/privacybadger|Privacy Badger]] Firefox-add-ons.

== Broken torbrowser-launcher in jessie ==

A bug (DebianBug:784041) prevents Tor Browser from running on jessie. On every start the browser is downloaded and installed, but it is never run.

There are several options for jessie users:

1. Fix the bug in the stable version of [[DebianPkg:torbrowser-launcher|torbrowser-launcher]] by running the following command in the terminal as root:
{{{
sed -i '148s_start-tor-browser_Browser/start-tor-browser_' /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/torbrowser_launcher/common.py
}}}

2. Install a newer version of [[DebianPkg:torbrowser-launcher|torbrowser-launcher]] from [[http://backports.debian.org/Instructions/|jessie-backports.]]

== References ==
To keep your protection strong you need to update the Tor Browser regularly. In Debian the easier way to do that is to install Tor Browser using [[DebianPkg:torbrowser-launcher|torbrowser-launcher]], which automatically installs Tor Browser, run it, and update it to keep its protection strong and protect your privacy.

The advantage of using [[DebianPkg:torbrowser-launcher|torbrowser-launcher]] over the manual installation of the TorBrowser package (called Tor Browser Bundle) is threefold:

 * You will benefit from automatic upgrades
 * If using AppArmor, you will benefit from the AppArmor profiles contained in the package
 * Program launchers and menu entries will be created for you automatically


= Install =

== Debian "experimental" ==

 1. If not already done [[https://wiki.debian.org/DebianExperimental#To_configure_APT|add the experimental repository to your sources.list]].
 {{{
printf "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian experimental main contrib" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/experimental.list
apt update
}}}

 1. Using Terminal as Root execute the following command
 {{{
apt install torbrowser-launcher -t experimental
}}}

== Debian "Sid" ==

Users of Debian [[DebianUnstable#Introduction|Sid (Unstable)]] can install torbrowser-launcher easily:

 1. Using Terminal as Root execute the following command
 {{{
apt install torbrowser-launcher
}}}

== Debian 9 "Stretch" ==

 1. If not already done [[https://wiki.debian.org/Backports#Adding_the_repository|add the Backport repository to your sources.list]].
 {{{
printf "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-backports main contrib" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/stretch-backports.list
apt update
}}}

 1. Using Terminal as Root execute the following command
 {{{
apt install torbrowser-launcher -t stretch-backports
}}}

 1. To open Tor Browser choose one of the following two options
      * '''Option 1''': Using GNOME, open the Activities Search. Simply type in {{{Tor Browser}}}

      * '''Option 2''': Using Terminal as user run the following command
 {{{
torbrowser-launcher
}}}

 1. The first time you open Tor Browser the new version will automatically be downloaded and installed. On every subsequent open a check for updates will be done, and Tor Browser will automatically be updated to the latest available version from the Backport repository.

== Debian 8 "Jessie" ==

Steps to install Tor Browser on Debian 8 "Jessie" ''with'' Backport

 1. If not already done [[https://wiki.debian.org/Backports#Adding_the_repository|add the Backport repository to your sources.list]].
 {{{
printf "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian jessie-backports main contrib\n" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jessie-backports.list
printf "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian jessie-backports-sloppy main contrib" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jessie-backports.list
apt update
}}}

 1. Using Terminal as Root execute the following command
 {{{
apt install torbrowser-launcher -t jessie-backports-sloppy
}}}

 1. To open Tor Browser choose one of the following two options
      * '''Option 1''': Using GNOME, open the Activities Search. Simply type in {{{Tor Browser}}}

      * '''Option 2''': Using Terminal as user run the following command
 {{{
torbrowser-launcher
}}}

 1. The first time you open Tor Browser the new version will automatically be downloaded and installed. On every subsequent open a check for updates will be done, and Tor Browser will automatically be updated to the latest available version from the Backport repository.


==== Frequently Ask Questions (F.A.Q.) for Debian 8 "Jessie" ====

Any volunteer to edit this section?

== Debian 7 "Wheezy" ==

torbrowser-launcher in wheezy-backports is currently outdated.

<!> Debian 7 "Wheezy" is supported and secured until [[https://www.debian.org/News/2016/20160212|May 31st, 2018]]. With Long Term Support ([[LTS|LTS]]). To keep your computer secure it is suggested to [[https://wiki.debian.org/DebianUpgrade|upgrade to Debian 8 "Jessie"]] at your earliest convenience.

<<Anchor(Debian_7_Wheezy_with_Backport)>>

Steps to install Tor Browser on Debian 7 "Wheezy" ''with'' Backport

<!> Debian 7 "Wheezy" is supported and secured until [[https://www.debian.org/News/2016/20160212|May 31st, 2018]]. With Long Term Support ([[LTS|LTS]]). To keep your computer secure it is suggested to [[https://wiki.debian.org/DebianUpgrade|upgrade to Debian 8 "Jessie"]] at your earliest convenience.

 1. If not already done [[https://wiki.debian.org/Backports#Adding_the_repository|add the Backport repository to your sources.list]].

 1. Using Terminal as Root execute the following command
 {{{
apt-get install torbrowser-launcher -t wheezy-backports
}}}

 1. To open Tor Browser choose one of the following two options
      * '''Option 1''': Using GNOME, open the Activities Search. Simply type in {{{Tor Browser}}}

      * '''Option 2''': Using Terminal as user run the following command
 {{{
torbrowser-launcher
}}}

 1. The first time you run Tor Browser the new version will automatically be downloaded and installed. On every subsequent run a check for updates will be done, and Tor Browser will automatically be updated to the latest available version from the Backport repository.

= Update =

To update choose one of the following two options. If unsure, the "automatic update" option is easier and recommended.

 * [[#Automatic_update|Automatic update]]
 * [[#Manual_update|Manual update]]


== Automatic update ==

Tor Browser will automatically prompt you to update the software once a new version has been released. The Torbutton icon will display a small yellow triangle. When you are prompted to update Tor Browser:

 1. Click on the Torbutton icon
 1. Select “Check for Tor Browser Update” option. If needed see [[https://tb-manual.torproject.org/en-US/updating.html|those screenshots]] to clarify the location.
 1. When Tor Browser has finished checking for updates, click on the “Update” button.
 1. Wait for the update to download and install, then restart Tor Browser. You will now be running the latest version.

Alternatively, if you installed Tor Browser using the `torbrowser-launcher` package. Simply close all Tor Browser windows. Then re-open Tor Browser. It will automatically check if a new version is available. Follow the instructions on your screen.


== Manual update ==

Before manually updating Tor Browser it is suggested to periodically backup any valuable data. Such as your bookmarks. Which you could import after the manual update.

Manually update Tor Browser

 1. When you are prompted to update Tor Browser, finish the browsing session and close the program.
 1. Remove Tor Browser from your system by deleting the folder that contains it. If needed see [[https://tb-manual.torproject.org/en-US/uninstalling.html|that Uninstalling section]] for more information.
 1. Visit https://www.torproject.org/projects/torbrowser.html.en and download a copy of the latest Tor Browser release, then install it as before.


= Advanced Tor Usage =
== Torrc File Location ==

If you installed "torbrowser-launcher" on a 64 bit system, the "torrc" advanced configuration file is located at:
 {{{
~/.local/share/torbrowser/tbb/x86_64/tor-browser_en-US/Browser/TorBrowser/Data/Tor/torrc
}}}

If you installed "torbrowser-launcher" on a i686 bit system, the "torrc" advanced configuration file is located at:
 {{{
~/.local/share/torbrowser/tbb/i686/tor-browser_en-US/Browser/TorBrowser/Data/Tor/torrc
}}}

Related documentation
 * [[https://www.torproject.org/docs/faq.html.en#torrc|I'm supposed to "edit my torrc". What does that mean?]]

== AppArmor confinement and Xserver isolation ==

HolgerLevsen has written some scripts which are available in /usr/share/doc/torbrowser-launcher/examples/ if you have installed the package.

These scripts show how to run torbrowser-launcher (and thus torbrowser),
confined with AppArmor, in Xephyr (a virtual Xserver running on another
Xserver) as another user. This, using AppArmor and Xephyr, shall have two
effects:

 * the browser process (and it's subprocesses) can - thanks to AppArmor confinement - only access a tiny part of the filesystem

 * the real Xserver is not exposed to the browser application, so hopefully that application cannot exploit bugs to grab keyboard input from other applications.

In order to use these scripts, please refer to /usr/share/doc/torbrowser-launcher/examples/.

You can also read those scripts here if interested: https://anonscm.debian.org/git/pkg-privacy/packages/torbrowser-launcher.git/tree/debian/examples?h=debian/sid

= Bugs and known issues =

 * [[https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/torbrowser-launcher|torbrowser-launcher package page]]
 * [[https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?repeatmerged=no&src=torbrowser-launcher|torbrowser-launcher bugs and known issues]]
 * [[https://github.com/micahflee/torbrowser-launcher/issues|torbrowser-launcher Upstream bugtracker]]

= See also =

 * Good additions to the Tor Browser are the [[https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/ublock-origin/|uBlock Origin]] and [[https://www.eff.org/privacybadger|Privacy Badger]] Firefox-add-ons.
    * <<Icon(icon-info.png)>> Notes
        * It is suggested to consider using ''uBlock Origin'' instead of ''!AdBlock Plus''. Mostly because ''uBlock Origin'' has a [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UBlock_Origin#Blocking_and_filtering|better track record at fully protecting your privacy]], than ''!AdBlock Plus''. Also there is a [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adblock_Plus#Controversy_over_ad_filtering_and_ad_whitelisting|controversy]] around ''!AdBlock Plus'' and a for profit corporation trying to monetize it via ad whitelisting. Also ''uBlock Origin'' [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UBlock_Origin#Performance|uses less resource and has better performance]] than ''!AdBlock Plus''.
        * ''uBlock Origin'' is [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UBlock_Origin#uBlock_.28ublock.org.29|not to be confuse]] with ''uBlock''. As of May 2017 ''uBlock Origin'' is actively maintain and updated, compare to ''uBlock'' who has not been maintained or updated for more than 2 years, [[https://github.com/chrisaljoudi/ublock|since 2015]].
 * [[https://blog.torproject.org/|Tor Blog]]
 * [[https://www.torproject.org/|Learn more about Tor]]
 * Alternative [[WebBrowsers]] under Debian

= References =
Line 34: Line 209:
 * https://adblockplus.org/
----
CategorySoftware | CategoryNetworkApplication | CategoryWebBrowser

Introduction

Tor Browser protects your privacy while you are surfing the Internet: it prevents somebody watching your Internet connection from learning what sites you visit, it prevents the sites you visit from learning your physical location, and it lets you access sites which are blocked.

Tor Browser is based on Firefox and will be familiar to many users.

To keep your protection strong you need to update the Tor Browser regularly. In Debian the easier way to do that is to install Tor Browser using torbrowser-launcher, which automatically installs Tor Browser, run it, and update it to keep its protection strong and protect your privacy.

The advantage of using torbrowser-launcher over the manual installation of the TorBrowser package (called Tor Browser Bundle) is threefold:

  • You will benefit from automatic upgrades
  • If using AppArmor, you will benefit from the AppArmor profiles contained in the package

  • Program launchers and menu entries will be created for you automatically

Install

Debian "experimental"

  1. If not already done add the experimental repository to your sources.list.

    printf "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian experimental main contrib" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/experimental.list
    apt update
  2. Using Terminal as Root execute the following command
    apt install torbrowser-launcher -t experimental

Debian "Sid"

Users of Debian Sid (Unstable) can install torbrowser-launcher easily:

  1. Using Terminal as Root execute the following command
    apt install torbrowser-launcher

Debian 9 "Stretch"

  1. If not already done add the Backport repository to your sources.list.

    printf "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-backports main contrib" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/stretch-backports.list
    apt update
  2. Using Terminal as Root execute the following command
    apt install torbrowser-launcher -t stretch-backports
  3. To open Tor Browser choose one of the following two options
    • Option 1: Using GNOME, open the Activities Search. Simply type in Tor Browser

    • Option 2: Using Terminal as user run the following command

    torbrowser-launcher
  4. The first time you open Tor Browser the new version will automatically be downloaded and installed. On every subsequent open a check for updates will be done, and Tor Browser will automatically be updated to the latest available version from the Backport repository.

Debian 8 "Jessie"

Steps to install Tor Browser on Debian 8 "Jessie" with Backport

  1. If not already done add the Backport repository to your sources.list.

    printf "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian jessie-backports main contrib\n" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jessie-backports.list
    printf "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian jessie-backports-sloppy main contrib" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jessie-backports.list
    apt update
  2. Using Terminal as Root execute the following command
    apt install torbrowser-launcher -t jessie-backports-sloppy
  3. To open Tor Browser choose one of the following two options
    • Option 1: Using GNOME, open the Activities Search. Simply type in Tor Browser

    • Option 2: Using Terminal as user run the following command

    torbrowser-launcher
  4. The first time you open Tor Browser the new version will automatically be downloaded and installed. On every subsequent open a check for updates will be done, and Tor Browser will automatically be updated to the latest available version from the Backport repository.

Frequently Ask Questions (F.A.Q.) for Debian 8 "Jessie"

Any volunteer to edit this section?

Debian 7 "Wheezy"

torbrowser-launcher in wheezy-backports is currently outdated.

<!> Debian 7 "Wheezy" is supported and secured until May 31st, 2018. With Long Term Support (LTS). To keep your computer secure it is suggested to upgrade to Debian 8 "Jessie" at your earliest convenience.

Steps to install Tor Browser on Debian 7 "Wheezy" with Backport

<!> Debian 7 "Wheezy" is supported and secured until May 31st, 2018. With Long Term Support (LTS). To keep your computer secure it is suggested to upgrade to Debian 8 "Jessie" at your earliest convenience.

  1. If not already done add the Backport repository to your sources.list.

  2. Using Terminal as Root execute the following command
    apt-get install torbrowser-launcher -t wheezy-backports
  3. To open Tor Browser choose one of the following two options
    • Option 1: Using GNOME, open the Activities Search. Simply type in Tor Browser

    • Option 2: Using Terminal as user run the following command

    torbrowser-launcher
  4. The first time you run Tor Browser the new version will automatically be downloaded and installed. On every subsequent run a check for updates will be done, and Tor Browser will automatically be updated to the latest available version from the Backport repository.

Update

To update choose one of the following two options. If unsure, the "automatic update" option is easier and recommended.

Automatic update

Tor Browser will automatically prompt you to update the software once a new version has been released. The Torbutton icon will display a small yellow triangle. When you are prompted to update Tor Browser:

  1. Click on the Torbutton icon
  2. Select “Check for Tor Browser Update” option. If needed see those screenshots to clarify the location.

  3. When Tor Browser has finished checking for updates, click on the “Update” button.
  4. Wait for the update to download and install, then restart Tor Browser. You will now be running the latest version.

Alternatively, if you installed Tor Browser using the torbrowser-launcher package. Simply close all Tor Browser windows. Then re-open Tor Browser. It will automatically check if a new version is available. Follow the instructions on your screen.

Manual update

Before manually updating Tor Browser it is suggested to periodically backup any valuable data. Such as your bookmarks. Which you could import after the manual update.

Manually update Tor Browser

  1. When you are prompted to update Tor Browser, finish the browsing session and close the program.
  2. Remove Tor Browser from your system by deleting the folder that contains it. If needed see that Uninstalling section for more information.

  3. Visit https://www.torproject.org/projects/torbrowser.html.en and download a copy of the latest Tor Browser release, then install it as before.

Advanced Tor Usage

Torrc File Location

If you installed "torbrowser-launcher" on a 64 bit system, the "torrc" advanced configuration file is located at:

  • ~/.local/share/torbrowser/tbb/x86_64/tor-browser_en-US/Browser/TorBrowser/Data/Tor/torrc

If you installed "torbrowser-launcher" on a i686 bit system, the "torrc" advanced configuration file is located at:

  • ~/.local/share/torbrowser/tbb/i686/tor-browser_en-US/Browser/TorBrowser/Data/Tor/torrc

Related documentation

AppArmor confinement and Xserver isolation

HolgerLevsen has written some scripts which are available in /usr/share/doc/torbrowser-launcher/examples/ if you have installed the package.

These scripts show how to run torbrowser-launcher (and thus torbrowser), confined with AppArmor, in Xephyr (a virtual Xserver running on another Xserver) as another user. This, using AppArmor and Xephyr, shall have two effects:

  • the browser process (and it's subprocesses) can - thanks to AppArmor confinement - only access a tiny part of the filesystem

  • the real Xserver is not exposed to the browser application, so hopefully that application cannot exploit bugs to grab keyboard input from other applications.

In order to use these scripts, please refer to /usr/share/doc/torbrowser-launcher/examples/.

You can also read those scripts here if interested: https://anonscm.debian.org/git/pkg-privacy/packages/torbrowser-launcher.git/tree/debian/examples?h=debian/sid

Bugs and known issues

See also

References


CategorySoftware | CategoryNetworkApplication | CategoryWebBrowser