Differences between revisions 54 and 55
Revision 54 as of 2020-11-18 21:17:24
Size: 8712
Editor: GuillemJover
Comment: Update branch information
Revision 55 as of 2020-11-18 21:21:05
Size: 8918
Editor: GuillemJover
Comment: Further clarify commit formatting, typo fix
Deletions are marked like this. Additions are marked like this.
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  * arch: Architecture support.
  * Dpkg.*: Perl modules.
  * doc|man: Documentation (either doc/ or man/).
  * build: Build system.
  * debian: Packaing for dpkg itself.
  * test|t: Test suite.
  * po: Localization.
  * ''arch'': Architecture support.
  * ''Dpkg.*'': Perl modules.
  * ''doc|man'': Documentation (either doc/ or man/).
  * ''build'': Build system.
  * ''debian'': Packaing for dpkg itself.
  * ''test|t'': Test suite.
  * ''po'': Localization.
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  * Thanks-to: When someone else reported how to fix an issue, but did not provide an actual patch to fix it.
  * Co-Author: When someone else participated in the creation of the commit in somewhat equal measure as the Author.
  * Improved-by: When someone else provided a tiny fix to this commit.
  * Based-on-patch-by: When this commit was created by someone else, but modified substantially to the point that attributing to the other person would be wrong.
  * Prompted-by: When the creation of this commit was indirectly prompted by a discussion by this entity (human or not).
  * Reported-by: When someone reported something to be fixed/changed outside of the Debian BTS.
  * Spotted-by: When someone spotted a problem where its fix was self-evident.
  * Ref|See: For external references, to bug reports, mailing list discussions, web sites, etc.
  * Changelog: To control the __debian/changelog__ generation, with one ore more of the following values:
  * ''Closes'': The number of the bug(s) this commit fixes/closes. This should follow the usual __debian_changelog__ format of '''#123455'''.
  * ''Thanks-to'': When someone else reported how to fix an issue, but did not provide an actual patch to fix it.
  * ''
Co-Author'': When someone else participated in the creation of the commit in somewhat equal measure as the Author.
  * ''Improved-by'': When someone else provided a tiny fix to this commit.
  * ''Based-on-patch-by'': When this commit was created by someone else, but modified substantially to the point that attributing to the other person would be wrong.
  * ''Prompted-by'': When the creation of this commit was indirectly prompted by a discussion by this entity (human or not).
  * ''Reported-by'': When someone reported something to be fixed/changed outside of the Debian BTS.
  * ''Spotted-by'': When someone spotted a problem where its fix was self-evident.
  * ''Ref|See'': For external references, to bug reports, mailing list discussions, web sites, etc.
  * ''Changelog'': To control the __debian/changelog__ generation, with one ore more of the following values:
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<!> git, as a distributed VCS, allows you to make multiple commits without pushing your changes back, please avoid that if possible. We advise you to not multiply commits uselessly because they clutter the historical log and it's more difficult to see important changes on the code (instead of the translations). If you have multiple commits waiting to be pushed, git offers you a possibility to "merge" them in a single commit. Proceed as follows (we assume you are on the branch where you did the multiple commits, all the changes are already commited, and the branch is named $BRANCH): <!> git, as a distributed VCS, allows you to make multiple commits without pushing your changes back, please avoid that if possible. We advise you to not multiply commits uselessly because they clutter the historical log and it's more difficult to see important changes on the code (instead of the translations). If you have multiple commits waiting to be pushed, git offers you a possibility to "merge" them in a single commit. Proceed as follows (we assume you are on the branch where you did the multiple commits, all the changes are already committed, and the branch is named $BRANCH):

git usage in the dpkg team

Recommendations for handling the git repository.

URLs

  • For committers:
    • git clone ssh://git.dpkg.org/git-dpkg/dpkg/dpkg.git

  • For anonymous: git clone https://git.dpkg.org/git/dpkg/dpkg.git

  • Web view: https://git.dpkg.org/cgit/dpkg/dpkg.git

  • Private repositories of current maintainers:
    • Guillem Jover: https://git.hadrons.org/git/debian/dpkg/dpkg.git (web)

Public branches

  • In the main repository we have the following branches:
    • master: Main development tree.
    • sid: Bug fixes only branch (used when important fixes have to be pushed out before the end of the current development cycle).
    • 1.19.x: Branch corresponding to the Debian buster release.
    • 1.18.x: Branch corresponding to the Debian stretch release.
    • 1.17.x: Branch corresponding to the Debian jessie release.
    • 1.16.x: Branch corresponding to the Debian wheezy release.
    • 1.15.x: Branch corresponding to the Debian squeeze release.
    • 1.14.x: Branch corresponding to the Debian lenny release.
    • 1.13.x: Branch corresponding to the Debian etch release.
    • jessie, wheezy, squeeze, lenny, etch, stretch, buster: Symbolic reference branches for the corresponding Debian release.
    • next/*: Branches with prospective changes to be merged into the respective parents.
  • In the private repositories of maintainers, you might find other topic branches. Beware that those prefixed with "pu/" are "proposed-updates" that can be rebased at any time, don't use them for long-lived work.

Commit messages

All changes are now described in the commit messages, debian/changelog should not be generally changed as part of a normal commit. When writing commit messages, these need to follow a specific format that the gen-changelog tool can understand to generate the debian/changelog contents:

possible-subsystem: Short summary

The rest is the long description. It explains the change in more
details and gives the rationale associated to it. You can be as
verbose as you want.

Possible-Metafield: meta-values

When committing someone else's work it's important to give proper attribution, so please use git commit --author "Person Name <person@example.org>" to properly attribute the change.

The possible-subsystem can be a comma separated list of entries matching following regexes:

  • arch: Architecture support.

  • Dpkg.*: Perl modules.

  • doc|man: Documentation (either doc/ or man/).

  • build: Build system.

  • debian: Packaing for dpkg itself.

  • test|t: Test suite.

  • po: Localization.

The Possible-Metafield can be one of the following:

  • Closes: The number of the bug(s) this commit fixes/closes. This should follow the usual debian_changelog format of #123455.

  • Thanks-to: When someone else reported how to fix an issue, but did not provide an actual patch to fix it.

  • Co-Author: When someone else participated in the creation of the commit in somewhat equal measure as the Author.

  • Improved-by: When someone else provided a tiny fix to this commit.

  • Based-on-patch-by: When this commit was created by someone else, but modified substantially to the point that attributing to the other person would be wrong.

  • Prompted-by: When the creation of this commit was indirectly prompted by a discussion by this entity (human or not).

  • Reported-by: When someone reported something to be fixed/changed outside of the Debian BTS.

  • Spotted-by: When someone spotted a problem where its fix was self-evident.

  • Ref|See: For external references, to bug reports, mailing list discussions, web sites, etc.

  • Changelog: To control the debian/changelog generation, with one ore more of the following values:

    • silent|skip|ignore: For commits that should not be included in the debian/changelog output.

    • verbose|full: For commits that should include all their commit message in the debian_changelog output.

    • internal: For code internals that are not supposed to affect the API/ABI of the code/objects.
    • porting: For portability changes.

Generic recommendations

  • Do not forget to let git know who you are: git config user.name "Person Name" && git config user.email person@example.org (you can also use the --global option if you want to configure it the same for all git repositories)

  • If you are working on a patch that will take some time to be merged, better work on it in a private topic branch that you can rebase (later and as many times as you want) before merging it in the master branch and pushing it. This will avoid cluttering the history with merge commits.

How to release

  • Verify that you're in sync with the remote repository.
  • Finalize the changelogs, commit the changes.
    • dch -r 

    • git commit -a -m "Release <version>"

  • Create a signed tag:
    • git tag -m "Release <version>" -s <version>

  • Generate a source tarball:
    • git clean -Xdf

    • autoreconf -f -i; ./configure; DPKG_DEVEL_MODE=1 make distcheck

  • Do the real build based on the generated tarball.
    • dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc

  • In general, install the resulting packages and rebuild (this ensures the generated packages are accepted by the archive).
    • dpkg-buildpackage --changes-option=-S

  • Run the functional test suite from the dpkg-tests.git repository.
    • cd dpkg-tests; make test-clean clean; make test 2>&1 | tee test.log

  • Push stuff to the remote repository:
    • git push origin master <version>

  • Upload to Debian.
    • For possibly disruptive or big changes consider uploading just after the buildd chroots have been upgraded, which currently happens on Wed and Sun at 22:13 UTC (see puppet definition surroundings).

  • For a release from the master branch:
    • Start a new version:
      • On debian/changelog, '<version>' and suite UNRELEASED (dch -i should do).

    • Commit and push.
  • For a release from the sid branch:
    • Switch to the master branch.
    • Merge the sid branch (fix conflicts on changelogs).
    • Commit and push.

For translators

  • To setup the repository:
    • Clone the repository as above.
    • Enable the pre-commit hook with chmod +x dpkg/.git/hooks/pre-commit (this will prevent committing conflicts by error)

    • Tell Git who you are: git config user.name "Person Name" && git config user.email person@example.org

    • If updating for buster:
      • Use origin/master as <remote>.

    • If updating for buster:
      • Switch to that branch: git checkout -b 1.19.x origin/1.19.x

      • Use origin/1.19.x as <remote>.

    • If updating for stretch:
      • Switch to that branch: git checkout -b 1.18.x origin/1.18.x

      • Use origin/1.18.x as <remote>.

  • To update the repository use the commands: git fetch && git rebase <remote>

  • Once you finished your work use the following commands to commit and push your changes:
    • git add <list of modified files>

    • git commit

    • git push

If the git push fails, redo the command git fetch && git rebase <remote> and try again. Note that git rebase can be interrupted if there's a conflict between your work and the changes made on the remote repository. In that case, fix the conflicts by editing the conflicted files, then git add <conflicted files> and ask the rebase process to continue with git rebase --continue. Once it is over, git push should work.

<!> git, as a distributed VCS, allows you to make multiple commits without pushing your changes back, please avoid that if possible. We advise you to not multiply commits uselessly because they clutter the historical log and it's more difficult to see important changes on the code (instead of the translations). If you have multiple commits waiting to be pushed, git offers you a possibility to "merge" them in a single commit. Proceed as follows (we assume you are on the branch where you did the multiple commits, all the changes are already committed, and the branch is named $BRANCH):

  • git branch -f l10n (create a new branch l10n containing all your changes, remove any preexisting l10n branch)

  • git reset --hard origin/$BRANCH (drop your changes in the current branch)

  • git merge --squash l10n (merge your changes in a single commit, you have to edit the commit message)

  • You can proceed to push the changes.


CategoryGit