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| Please keep in mind that this is meant as a quick howto for how to build private backports and is not the way we expect from official backports for [[https://backports.debian.org/|backports.debian.org]]. | Please keep in mind that this is meant as a quick howto for how to build private backports and is not the way we expect from official backports for [[https://backports.debian.org/|backports.debian.org]]. For official backports, see [[BuildingFormalBackports|this wiki page]]. |
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| Here we take the example of the package mame, from which we want to install a newer release availaible in sid/experimental. If the package you're looking for not available in Sid, but in a Ubuntu PPA, you can have a look at [[CreatePackageFromPPA]]. | Here we take the example of the package coreutils, from which we want to install a newer release availaible in sid/experimental. If the package you're looking for not available in Sid, but in a Ubuntu PPA, you can have a look at [[CreatePackageFromPPA]]. |
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| ===== Find which version is available in the debian archive ===== | ===== Find out which version is available in the Debian archive ===== |
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| rmadison mame --architecture amd64 mame | 0.146-5 | wheezy/non-free | amd64 mame | 0.146-5 | jessie/non-free | amd64 mame | 0.146-5 | sid/non-free | amd64 mame | 0.148-1 | experimental/non-free | amd64 |
$ rmadison coreutils --architecture amd64 coreutils | 8.23-4 | oldstable | amd64 coreutils | 8.26-3 | stable | amd64 coreutils | 8.30-3 | testing | amd64 coreutils | 8.30-3 | unstable | amd64 |
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| From your web browser at http://packages.debian.org/sid/mame, look at the dsc file and copy the link location | Add a sid '''deb''' ''and'' '''deb-src''' entries to your [[SourcesList|apt sources]], run {{{apt update}}}, download the source using the command below: |
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| dget -x http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/pool/non-free/m/mame/mame_0.148-1.dsc | apt source -t sid coreutils |
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| '''''Note:''' If the above command complains about your `~/.gnupg` directory not being found, run `gpg -k` to initialize the GnuPG directory before retrying.'' | Once you have downloaded the source, remove the sid entries from your apt sources and run {{{apt update}}} again. |
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| ===== Find and Install missing build dependencies as found in debian/control ===== | ===== Install build dependencies ===== |
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| cd mame-0.148 | cd coreutils-*/ |
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| This will install a package named `mame-build-deps` depending on the listed build dependencies. If you remove this package later, the actual build dependencies will be marked as "automatically installed and no longer needed" and can be cleared with `apt-get autoremove`. | This will install a package named `coreutils-build-deps` depending on the listed build dependencies. If you remove this package later, the actual build dependencies will be marked as "automatically installed and no longer needed" and can be cleared with `apt autoremove`. |
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| dch --local ~bpo9+ --distribution stretch-backports "Rebuild for stretch-backports." | dch --bpo |
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| This will add something like '''''~bpo8+''''' to the package version number. The tilde ~ makes the package inferior in version, which should allow a proper package upgrade when you upgrade to the next debian release (ie your package will be replaced with the official debian package) |
This will add something like '''''~bpo9+''''' to the package version number. The tilde ~ makes the package inferior in version, which should allow a proper package upgrade when you upgrade to the next Debian release (i.e. your package will be replaced with the official Debian package). |
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| ===== Test if we can successfully build the package ===== | ===== Test if we can successfully build the package ===== |
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| ===== Install and enjoy ! ===== | ===== Install and enjoy! ===== |
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| sudo dpkg -i ../mame_0.148-1~bpo9+1_amd64.deb | sudo apt install ../coreutils_*_*.deb |
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---- CategoryPackaging |
Translation(s): English - Español - Français - Italiano - Русский
Please keep in mind that this is meant as a quick howto for how to build private backports and is not the way we expect from official backports for backports.debian.org. For official backports, see this wiki page.
Here we take the example of the package coreutils, from which we want to install a newer release availaible in sid/experimental. If the package you're looking for not available in Sid, but in a Ubuntu PPA, you can have a look at CreatePackageFromPPA.
We don't need to be root here except the first and last steps.
Another method for backporting a sid package to testing or stable is described in this section of the Debian Unstable page in the Wiki.
Contents
- Install Debian packaging tools
- Find out which version is available in the Debian archive
- Download the .dsc file from the sid release
- Install build dependencies
- Indicate in the changelog a backport revision number
- Test if we can successfully build the package
- Build a package properly , without GPG signing the package
- Install and enjoy!
- Go further
Install Debian packaging tools
sudo apt-get install packaging-dev debian-keyring devscripts equivs
Find out which version is available in the Debian archive
$ rmadison coreutils --architecture amd64 coreutils | 8.23-4 | oldstable | amd64 coreutils | 8.26-3 | stable | amd64 coreutils | 8.30-3 | testing | amd64 coreutils | 8.30-3 | unstable | amd64
Download the .dsc file from the sid release
Add a sid deb and deb-src entries to your apt sources, run apt update, download the source using the command below:
apt source -t sid coreutils
Once you have downloaded the source, remove the sid entries from your apt sources and run apt update again.
Install build dependencies
cd coreutils-*/ sudo mk-build-deps --install --remove
This will install a package named coreutils-build-deps depending on the listed build dependencies. If you remove this package later, the actual build dependencies will be marked as "automatically installed and no longer needed" and can be cleared with apt autoremove.
Indicate in the changelog a backport revision number
dch --bpo
This will add something like ~bpo9+ to the package version number. The tilde ~ makes the package inferior in version, which should allow a proper package upgrade when you upgrade to the next Debian release (i.e. your package will be replaced with the official Debian package).
Test if we can successfully build the package
fakeroot debian/rules binary
If this should fail with a missing file, apt-file may be useful in locating the dependency you require.
Build a package properly , without GPG signing the package
dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc
Install and enjoy!
sudo apt install ../coreutils_*_*.deb
Go further
You could have a look BuildingFormalBackports and contribute your backport to Debian as explained here: http://backports.debian.org/Contribute/