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Comment: CategoryProposedDeletion : should link to a good Unix wikibook
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duplicate PrincipalCommands
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* Also, it duplicates [[PrincipalCommands]] * some sample guides http://comptechdoc.org/os/linux/usersguide/ ; wikibooks.org has some |
Find defaut Debian commands based on shell built-in commands and coreutils packages
Remember to see man pages. It's your first help ! Don't recreate or import man or info pages here.
Good informations are:
- Simple description
- Some useful examples that are not in man pages
You don't find this shell command on your system, see next URL and replace MY_COMMAND by your command
ShellToolTricks, PrincipalCommands and coreutils should be merging here
A
alias: Create an alias
awk: Find and Replace text within file(s)
B
basename: Return just the file name alone
break: Exit from a loop
builtin: Run a shell builtin
bzip2/bunzip2: Compress or decompress named file(s)
C
cal: Display a calendar
case/in/esac Conditionally perform a command
cat: Display the contents of a file
cat -n: simple way to add line-numbers to the output of a command
cd: Change Directory
chgrp: Change group ownership
chmod: Change access permissions
chown: Change file owner and group
chroot: Run a command with a different root directory
cksum: Print CRC checksum and byte counts
clear: Clear terminal screen
cmp: Compare two files
comm: Compare two sorted files line by line
command: Run a command - ignoring shell functions
continue: Resume the next iteration of a loop
cp Copy one or more files to another location
cron: Daemon to execute scheduled commands
crontab: Schedule a command to run at a later time
csplit: Split a file into context-determined pieces
cut: Divide a file into several parts
D
date: Display or change the date & time
dc: Desk Calculator
dd: Data Dump - Convert and copy a file
declare: Declare variables and give them attributes
df: Display free disk space
diff: Display the differences between two files
diff3: Show differences among three files
dir: Briefly list directory contents
dircolors: Colour setup for ls
dirname: Convert a full pathname to just a path
dirs: Display list of remembered directories
dmesg: Output is from the kernel booting, showing the devices it has found and if it has been able to configure them at all (aside from userland configuration).
du: Estimate file space usage
E
echo: Display message on screen
ed: A line-oriented text editor (edlin)
egrep: Print lines matching a pattern (same as grep -E)
eject: Eject CD-ROM
enable: Enable and disable builtin shell commands
env: Display, set, or remove environment variables
eval: Evaluate several commands/arguments
exec: Execute a command
exit: Exit the shell
expand: Convert tabs to spaces
export: Set an environment variable
expr: Evaluate expressions
F
factor: Print prime factors
false: Do nothing, unsuccessfully
fdformat: Low-level format a floppy disk
fdisk: Partition table manipulator for Linux
fdupes: find duplicate files within a set of directories
fgrep: Print lines matching a pattern (same as grep -F)
file: Tells what kind of files are those listed on command line
find: Search for files that meet a desired criteria
fmt: Reformat paragraph text
fold: Wrap text to fit a specified width.
for: Expand words, and execute commands
format: Format disks or tapes
free: Display memory usage
fsck: Filesystem consistency check and repair.
ftp:' Transerfer/receive files from/to a remote host
function: Define Function Macros
G
gawk: Pattern scanning and processing language
getopts: Parse positional parameters
grep: Print lines matching a pattern
groups: Print group names a user is in
gzip/gunzip: Compress or decompress named file(s)
H
hash: Remember the full pathname of a name argument
head: Output the first part of file(s)
history: Command History
hostname: Print or set system name
htop: Colourfull top
I
id: Print user and group id's
if/then/else/elif/fi Conditionally perform a command
import: Capture an X server screen and save the image to file
info: Help info
install: Copy files and set attributes
J
join: Joins lines on a common field
K
kill: Stops a process from running
killall: Stops matching process from running
L
less: Display output one screen at a time
let: Perform arithmetic on shell variables
ln: Make links between files
local: Create local variables
locate: Find files using an indexed list.
logname: Print current login name
logout: Exit a login shell
lpc: Line printer control program
lpr: Off line print
lprint: Print a file
lprintd: Abort a print job
lprintq: List the print queue
lprm: Remove jobs from the print queue
ls: List information about file(s)
M
m4: Macro processor
man: Help manual
mkdir: Create new folder(s)
mkfifo: Make FIFOs (named pipes)
mknod: Make block or character special files
more: Display output one screen at a time
mount: Mount a file system
mtools: Manipulate MS-DOS files
mv: Move or rename files or directories
N
nice: Set the priority of a command or job
nl: Number lines of file(s)
nohup: Run a command immune to hangups
P
passwd: Modify a user password
paste: Merge lines of files
pathchk: Check file name portability
popd: Restore the previous value of the current directory
pr: Convert text files for printing
printcap: Printer capability database
printenv: Print environment variables
printf: Format and print data
ps: Process Status. Lists running process
pushd: Save and then change the current directory
pwd: Print Working Directory
Q
quota: Display disk usage and limits
quotacheck: Scan a file system for disk usage
quotactl: Set disk quotas
R
ram: ram disk device
rcp: Copy files between two machines.
read: read a line from standard input
readonly: Mark variables/functions as readonly
remsync: Synchronize remote files via email
return: Exit a shell function
rgrep: Recursive grep
rm: Remove file(s)
rmdir: Remove folder(s)
rsh: Remote Shell
rsync: Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees) using its own protocol. It may be used over an ssh or rsh connexion.
S
screen: Terminal window manager
scp: Copy files between two machines over an ssh connexion
sdiff: Merge two files interactively
sed: Stream Editor
select: Accept keyboard input
seq: Print numeric sequences
sftp: Secure file transfer (FTP over SSH)
set: Manipulate shell variables and functions
shift: Shift positional parameters
shopt: Shell Options
shutdown: Shutdown or restart linux
sleep: Delay for a specified time
sort: Sort text files
source: Run commands or load functions from a file `.'
split: Split a file into fixed-size pieces
ssh:' Secure Shell.
su: Substitute user identity
sudo: execute a command as another user
sum: Print a checksum for a file
symlink: Make a new name for a file
sync: Synchronize data on disk with memory
T
tac: Concatenate/write files in reverse order
tail: Output the last part of files
tar: Tape Archiver
tee: Redirect output to multiple files
test: Evaluate a conditional expression
time: Measure Program Resource Use
times: User and system times
touch: Change file timestamps or create an empty file
top: List processes running on the system
traceroute: Trace Route to Host
trap: Run a custom command when a signal is received(bourne)
tr: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters
true: Do nothing, successfully
tsort: Topological sort
tty: Print filename of terminal on stdin
type: Describe a command
U
ulimit: Limit user resources
umask: Users file creation mask
umount: Unmount a device
unalias: Remove an alias
uname: Print system information
unexpand: Convert spaces to tabs
uniq: Uniquify files
units: Convert units from one scale to another
unset: Remove variable or function names
unshar: Unpack shell archive scripts
until: Execute commands (until error)
useradd: Create new user account
usermod: Modify user account
users: List users currently logged in
uuencode: Encode a binary file
uudecode: Decode a file created by uuencode
V
v: Verbosely list directory contents (ls -l -b)
vdir: Verbosely list directory contents (ls -l -b)
watch: Execute/display a program periodically
wc: Print byte, word and line counts
whereis: Report all known instances of a command
which: Locate a program file in the user's path.
while/do/done: Execute commands
who: Print all usernames currently logged in
whoami: Print the current user id and name (`id -un')
xargs: Execute utility, passing constructed argument list(s)
yes: Print a string until interrupted
. : See source
#: Comment / Remark.
W
X
Y
Z
See also
- Shell
CategoryCommandLineInterface CategoryProposedDeletion : should link to a good Unix book
Also, it duplicates PrincipalCommands
some sample guides http://comptechdoc.org/os/linux/usersguide/ ; wikibooks.org has some