7717
Comment: wording
|
8403
link to manpages, wording, shorten
|
Deletions are marked like this. | Additions are marked like this. |
Line 2: | Line 2: |
/* Add a link to the manpage for each command:[[DebianMan:example.1|example]] /* (or wiki page if it exists) |
|
Line 5: | Line 9: |
A shell accepts various kinds of commands: | The page is about basic command-line operation of a GNU/Linux system. A command-line [[Shell]] accepts various kinds of commands: |
Line 13: | Line 19: |
The '''[[coreutils]]''' page lists basic command-line utilities you will probably want to know to use Debian or any GNU/Linux system. | == coreutils == |
Line 15: | Line 21: |
This page is about commonly used shell commands. Each command links to its ManPages or wiki page. You can also use https://manpages.debian.org/ to browse and search for manpages. | The [[GNU Core Utilities (coreutils)]] are the basic file, shell and text manipulation utilities of the GNU operating system. These are the core utilities which are expected to exist on every UNIX-like operating system. |
Line 17: | Line 23: |
Each command links to its ManPages or wiki page. | |
Line 18: | Line 25: |
To get detailed information on how to use a program, read its ManPage. https://manpages.debian.org/ provides all Debian manpages. Shell commands can be combined in a ShellScript. |
|
Line 35: | Line 45: |
These commands are provided by various Debian packages. |
|
Line 38: | Line 46: |
Line 45: | Line 51: |
------------------- '''TODO: sort everything below, add manpage links''' * '''#:''' Comment / Remark. * '''. :''' See ''source'' * '''[[dmesg]]:''' Output is from the kernel booting, showing the devices it has found and if it has been able to configure them at all (aside from userland configuration). * '''[[sudo]]:''' Execute a command as another user * '''cmp:''' Compare two files * '''comm:''' Compare two sorted files line by line * '''cp''' Copy one or more files to another location * '''crontab:''' Schedule a command to run at a later time * '''date:''' Display or change the date & time * '''dc:''' Desk Calculator * '''dd:''' Data Dump - Convert and copy a file * '''df:''' Display free disk space * '''diff:''' Display the differences between two files * '''dir:''' Briefly list directory contents * '''dircolors:''' Colour setup for ''ls'' * '''dirname:''' Convert a full pathname to just a path * '''du:''' Estimate file space usage * '''eject:''' Eject CD-ROM * '''env:''' Display, set, or remove environment variables * '''exit:''' Exit the shell (or press Ctrl-D) * '''export:''' Set an environment variable * '''fdisk:''' Partition table manipulator for Linux * '''file{{{}}}:''' Tells what kind of files are those listed on command line * '''find:''' Search for files that meet a desired criteria * '''for:''' Expand words, and execute commands * '''format:''' Format disks or tapes * '''free:''' Display memory usage * '''fsck:''' Filesystem consistency check and repair. * '''ftp{{{}}}:''' Transfer/receive files from/to a remote host * '''groups:''' Print group names a user is in * '''gzip/gunzip:''' Compress or decompress named file(s) * '''head:''' Output the first part of file(s) * '''history:''' Command History * '''hostname:''' Print or set system name * '''id:''' Print user and group id's * '''if/then/else/elif/fi''' Conditionally perform a command * '''info:''' Help info * '''join:''' Joins lines on a common field * '''kill:''' Stops a process from running * '''killall:''' Stops matching process from running * '''less:''' Display output one screen at a time * '''ln:''' Make links between files * '''locate:''' Find files using an indexed list. * '''logname:''' Print current login name * '''logout:''' Exit a login shell * '''lpc:''' Line printer control program * '''lpr:''' Off line print * '''lprint:''' Print a file * '''lprintq:''' List the print queue * '''ls:''' List information about file(s) * '''man:''' Help manual * '''mkdir:''' Create new folder(s) * '''more:''' Display output one screen at a time * '''mount:''' Mount a file system * '''mv:''' Move or rename files or directories * '''nice:''' Set the priority of a command or job * '''passwd:''' Modify a user password * '''printf:''' Format and print data * '''ps:''' ''P''rocess ''S''tatus. Lists running process * '''pwd:''' ''P''rint ''W''orking ''D''irectory * '''rgrep:''' Recursive grep * '''rm:''' Remove file(s) * '''rmdir:''' Remove folder(s) * '''rsync:''' Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees) using its own protocol. It may be used over an ''ssh'' or ''rsh'' connection. * '''scp:''' Copy files between two machines over an ssh connection * '''sdiff:''' Merge two files interactively * '''sed:''' Stream Editor * '''select:''' Accept keyboard input * '''sftp:''' Secure file transfer (FTP over SSH) * '''shutdown:''' Shutdown or restart Linux * '''sleep:''' Delay for a specified time * '''sort:''' Sort text files * '''ssh{{{}}}:''' Secure Shell * '''su:''' Substitute user identity * '''sync:''' Synchronize data on disk with memory * '''tail:''' Output the last part of files * '''tar:''' Tape Archiver * '''time:''' Measure Program Resource Use * '''top:''' List processes running on the system * '''touch:''' Change file timestamps or create an empty file * '''tr:''' Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters * '''traceroute:''' Trace Route to Host * '''true:''' Do nothing, successfully * '''umask:''' Users file creation mask * '''umount:''' Unmount a device * '''uname:''' Print system information * '''uniq:''' Uniquify files * '''until:''' Execute commands (until error) * '''useradd:''' Create new user account * '''usermod:''' Modify user account * '''users:''' List users currently logged in * '''vdir:''' Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b`) * '''watch:''' Execute/display a program periodically * '''wc:''' Print byte, word and line counts * '''which:''' Locate a program file in the user's path. * '''who:''' Print all usernames currently logged in * '''whoami:''' Print the current user id and name (`id -un') |
* [[DebianMan:cmp.1|cmp]] - Compare two files * [[DebianMan:comm.1|comm]] - Compare two sorted files line by line * [[DebianMan:crontab.1|crontab]] - Schedule a command to run at a later time * [[DebianMan:date.1|date]] - Display or change the date & time * [[DebianMan:dc.1|dc]] - Desk Calculator * [[DebianMan:dd.1|dd]] - Data Dump - Convert and copy a file * [[DebianMan:df.1|df]] - Display free disk space * [[DebianMan:diff.1|diff]] - Display the differences between two files * [[DebianMan:dir.1|dir]] - Briefly list directory contents * [[DebianMan:dircolors.1|dircolors]] - Colour setup for ls * [[DebianMan:dirname.1|dirname]] - Convert a full pathname to just a path * [[DebianMan:du.1|du]] - Estimate file space usage * [[DebianMan:eject.1|eject]] - Eject CD-ROM * [[DebianMan:env.1|env]] - Display, set, or remove environment variables * [[DebianMan:exit.1|exit]] - Exit the shell (or press Ctrl-D) * [[DebianMan:export.1|export]] - Set an environment variable * [[DebianMan:fdisk.1|fdisk]] - Partition table manipulator for Linux * [[DebianMan:file.1|file]] - Tells what kind of files are those listed on command line * [[DebianMan:find.1|find]] - Search for files that meet a desired criteria * [[DebianMan:for.1|for]] - Expand words, and execute commands * [[DebianMan:format.1|format]] - Format disks or tapes * [[DebianMan:free.1|free]] - Display memory usage * [[DebianMan:fsck.1|fsck]] - Filesystem consistency check and repair. * [[DebianMan:ftp.1|ftp]] - Transfer/receive files from/to a remote host * [[DebianMan:groups.1|groups]] - Print group names a user is in * [[DebianMan:gzip/gunzip.1|gzip/gunzip]] - Compress or decompress named file(s) * [[DebianMan:head.1|head]] - Output the first part of file(s) * [[DebianMan:history.1|history]] - Command History * [[DebianMan:hostname.1|hostname]] - Print or set system name * [[DebianMan:id.1|id]] - Print user and group id's * [[DebianMan:info.1|info]] - Help info * [[DebianMan:join.1|join]] - Joins lines on a common field * [[DebianMan:kill.1|kill]] - Stops a process from running * [[DebianMan:killall.1|killall]] - Stops matching process from running * [[DebianMan:less.1|less]] - Display output one screen at a time * [[DebianMan:ln.1|ln]] - Make links between files * [[DebianMan:locate.1|locate]] - Find files using an indexed list. * [[DebianMan:logname.1|logname]] - Print current login name * [[DebianMan:logout.1|logout]] - Exit a login shell * [[DebianMan:lpc.1|lpc]] - Line printer control program * [[DebianMan:lpr.1|lpr]] - Off line print * [[DebianMan:lprint.1|lprint]] - Print a file * [[DebianMan:lprintq.1|lprintq]] - List the print queue * [[DebianMan:ls.1|ls]] - List information about file(s) * [[DebianMan:man.1|man]] - Help manual * [[DebianMan:mkdir.1|mkdir]] - Create new folder(s) * [[DebianMan:more.1|more]] - Display output one screen at a time * [[DebianMan:mount.1|mount]] - Mount a file system * [[DebianMan:mv.1|mv]] - Move or rename files or directories * [[DebianMan:nice.1|nice]] - Set the priority of a command or job * [[DebianMan:passwd.1|passwd]] - Modify a user password * [[DebianMan:printf.1|printf]] - Format and print data * [[DebianMan:ps.1|ps]] - Process Status. Lists running process * [[DebianMan:pwd.1|pwd]] - Print Working Directory * [[DebianMan:rgrep.1|rgrep]] - Recursive grep * [[DebianMan:rm.1|rm]] - Remove file(s) * [[DebianMan:rmdir.1|rmdir]] - Remove folder(s) * [[DebianMan:rsync.1|rsync]] - Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees) using its own protocol. It may be used over an ssh or rsh connection. * [[DebianMan:scp.1|scp]] - Copy files between two machines over an ssh connection * [[DebianMan:sdiff.1|sdiff]] - Merge two files interactively * [[DebianMan:sed.1|sed]] - Stream Editor * [[DebianMan:select.1|select]] - Accept keyboard input * [[DebianMan:sftp.1|sftp]] - Secure file transfer (FTP over SSH) * [[DebianMan:shutdown.1|shutdown]] - Shutdown or restart Linux * [[DebianMan:sleep.1|sleep]] - Delay for a specified time * [[DebianMan:sort.1|sort]] - Sort text files * [[DebianMan:ssh.1|ssh]] - Secure Shell * [[DebianMan:su.1|su]] - Substitute user identity * [[DebianMan:sync.1|sync]] - Synchronize data on disk with memory * [[DebianMan:tail.1|tail]] - Output the last part of files * [[DebianMan:tar.1|tar]] - Tape Archiver * [[DebianMan:time.1|time]] - Measure Program Resource Use * [[DebianMan:top.1|top]] - List processes running on the system * [[DebianMan:touch.1|touch]] - Change file timestamps or create an empty file * [[DebianMan:tr.1|tr]] - Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters * [[DebianMan:traceroute.1|traceroute]] - Trace Route to Host * [[DebianMan:true.1|true]] - Do nothing, successfully * [[DebianMan:umask.1|umask]] - Users file creation mask * [[DebianMan:umount.1|umount]] - Unmount a device * [[DebianMan:uname.1|uname]] - Print system information * [[DebianMan:uniq.1|uniq]] - Uniquify files * [[DebianMan:until.1|until]] - Execute commands (until error) * [[DebianMan:useradd.1|useradd]] - Create new user account * [[DebianMan:usermod.1|usermod]] - Modify user account * [[DebianMan:users.1|users]] - List users currently logged in * [[DebianMan:vdir.1|vdir]] - Verbosely list directory contents (ls -l -b) * [[DebianMan:watch.1|watch]] - Execute/display a program periodically * [[DebianMan:wc.1|wc]] - Print byte, word and line counts * [[DebianMan:which.1|which]] - Locate a program file in the user's path. * [[DebianMan:who.1|who]] - Print all usernames currently logged in * [[DebianMan:whoami.1|whoami]] - Print the current user id and name (`id -un') |
Line 208: | Line 149: |
* '''Work in progress''' refactor this page | |
Line 210: | Line 150: |
* '''TODO''' CategoryRedundant: merge with ShellToolTricks, PrincipalCommands [[coreutils]], [[Shell]], [[dash]], [[Sh]] | * '''TODO''' CategoryRedundant: merge other pages ShellToolTricks, PrincipalCommands [[coreutils]], [[Shell]], [[dash]], [[Sh]] |