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Welcome to 
This portal talks about programming languages. Technical language is used.
For programming applications, see here.
Contents
Note: GTK, QT are not languages, they are gui toolkits.
Ada
- GNAT is an Ada compiler. It supports all versions of the language, i.e. Ada 2012, Ada 2005, Ada 95 and Ada 83 (however at the time of writing there are troubles with compiling Ada 2012 code)
Algol 68
- i386 binary Debian package available at
algol68toc_1.18_i386.deb All you need to write Algol 68 programs which run at the command line.
BASIC
FreeBasic (libfreebasic already packaged, fbc not yet. Very Microsoft QBasic compatible (graphics))
Scriba
YaBASIC
C / C++
opencc (from Open64.net, not yet packaged)
TCC
cpp
C# and .NET
Mono - open source implementation of Microsoft's .NET Framework (mono)
Vala - self-hosting and statically typed language with C#-like syntax that compiles to C, based on GLib and GObject, useful with GTK+ and GNOME (valac)
.NET Core - Microsoft's new open source .NET framework which works natively on Debian. An installation guide is available on the .NET Core Website.
Clojure
Erlang
Fortran
gfortran
openf95 (from Open64.net, not yet packaged)
Free Pascal
GTK
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C, Objective-C++
gobjc (from GCC)
OCaml
OCaml (i.e. Objective Caml)
Perl
PHP
LAMP - Linux Apache MySQL PHP framework
Python
Ruby
Qt
Tcl/Tk
Wish
Verilog
Verilog like VHDL are hardware description languages. These may be used for programmable hardware like FPGA for which a completely free toolchain has emerged, see FPGA/Lattice.