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Comment: Copied from Mark Hobley's Debian User's Wiki, table and links require a fix-up
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== Package Management Tools | ## page was renamed from PackageManagement/PkgTools ## page was renamed from PkgTools #language en |
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The are several tools available on a Debian system for the management of packages and the [PkgDB package database]. | ||<tablestyle="width: 100%;" style="border: 0px hidden">~-[[DebianWiki/EditorGuide#translation|Translation(s)]]: English - [[es/PackageManagement/PkgTools|Español]] - [[fr/PackageManagement/PkgTools|Français]] - [[it/PackageManagement/PkgTools|Italiano]] - [[ko/PackageManagement/PkgTools|한국어(Korean)]] -~<style="text-align: right; border: 0px hidden"> (!) [[/Discussion|Discussion]]|| |
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=== _Tools for everyday use_ | ---- |
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| [dselect] | The default [ncurses] based package manager. | [synaptic] | This is an [X11] based package mananger. |
Many tools available on a Debian system can be used for PackageManagement. Commonly used ones include: |
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=== _Tools for advanced use_ | '''[[CommandLineInterface|command-line]]:''' |
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| [apt] | Advanced package tool | [apt-key] | This tool is used for managing package authentication keys | [dpkg] | This is the main utility program that handles installation and removal of packages. All other tools are frontends for dpkg, and many users rarely use this tool directly. | [apt-get] | Used to organize the installation of packages (dpkg does the actual installing, apt-get handles dependencies, etc). | [apt-cache] | Used to search the contents of the entire package database in the [sources] list (as opposed to dpkg searches, which only search the contents of installed packages). | [dpkg-deb] | This tool is used to pack, unpack and provides information about package files. | [dpkg-divert] | A tool for installing a package in a non-default location | [dpkg-query] | A tool for querying the package database | [dpkg-statoverride] | A tool for overriding modes and ownerships of files | [apt-file] | This tool searches for a filename installed by any package in the contents of sources.list. | [apt-listchanges] | This tool displays the relevant changelog entries whenever a package is upgraded. | [apt-build] | Used to build packages from the source filesof this and haven't tried it myself. :) | [apt-cdrom] | This tool allows [cdrom] based sources to be included in the package sources list. | [apt-rdepends] | This tool generates recursive dependency trees for a package. | [apt-spy] | This tool is used to generate a sources.list file from the current list of mirrors, based on latency/bandwidth. | [apt-show-versions] | shows all available versions of a package (allows wildcards), or all packages, and displays upgrade information where applicable. | [dpkg-reconfigure] | Allows a package to be reconfigured based on preferences (the same questions that are asked when the package is first installed). | [apt-show-source] | This is a variant of "apt-cache show" that shows information against the named source package, rather than the binary package. | [apt-listbugs] | This tool shows known critical bugs in named packages. | [apt-zip] | This tool allows non-networked machines to export a list of packages selected for install using removable media. | [apt-config] | This program is used by the other apt utilities to provide a standard interface to the apt configuration settings. | [apt-sortpkgs] | Sorts records and fields within the sources and packages files. | [apt-extracttemplates] | Extracts templates and install scripts from packages. | [apt-setup] | This tool configures the sources.list file. | [auto-apt] | This tool checks the file access of programs running within its environments, and automatically installs packages if a program tries to access a file known to belong in an uninstalled package. | [deborphan] | This tool scans the package database for unused or redundant packages | [debuild] | This tool is used for rebuilding packages |
* [[AptCLI|apt]] - The main command-line package management tool * [[aptitude]] - command-line and [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text-based%20user%20interface|text-based interface]] (ncurses) for Apt |
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=== _Tools for managing a package repository_ | '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface|graphical]]:''' |
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| [apt-cacher] | This is an alternative tool to apt-proxy. | [apt-proxy] | This is a specialized proxy server for accessing apt repositories. This can be used on a network to get packages from a central server that only downloads from the mirrors once. | [apt-proxy-import] | Imports packages into a cache used by apt-proxy. | [apt-ftparchive] | generates, from a directory of packages, the "Packages" and "Sources" control files used for an apt repository. | [apt-move] | Moves a collection of Debian packages into a proper "pool" directory hierarchy as used by a package repository. |
* [[Synaptic]] - Graphical package manager * [[DebPkg:gdebi]] - Graphical installer for standalone [[DebianPackage]]s * [[DebPkg:gnome-software]] - Software Center for GNOME |
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=== _Alternative tools_ | |
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| [aptitude] | An alternative package manager to [dselect], containing additional features. | [gdpm] | Gnome Debian Package Manager (in development). | [gnome-apt] | Gnome Advanced Package Tool (in development). | [pdbv] | A tool for creating an xhtml view of the package database. |
== Full list of package management tools == === apt === The [[DebPkg:apt]] package provides commandline tools for searching, managing, and querying information about packages, and access all features of the libapt-pkg library: * apt - high-level commandline interface for the package management system. * apt-cache - performs a variety of operations on APT's package cache. * apt-cdrom - used to add a new CD-ROM to APT's list of available sources. * apt-config - APT Configuration Query program * [[apt-get]] - command-line tool for handling packages * apt-key - manage the list of keys used by apt to authenticate packages. === dpkg === The [[DebPkg:dpkg]] package provides low-level infrastructure for handling the installation and removal of Debian software packages: * dpkg - a tool to install, build, remove and manage Debian packages. * dpkg-deb - Debian package archive (.deb) manipulation tool * dpkg-divert - override a package's version of a file * dpkg-maintscript-helper - works around known dpkg limitations in maintainer scripts * dpkg-query - show information about packages listed in the dpkg database. * dpkg-split - splits binary packages into smaller files and reassembles them(storage of large package files on small media) * dpkg-statoverride - override ownership and mode of files * dpkg-trigger - a tool to explicitly activate dpkg triggers * update-alternatives - maintain symbolic links determining default commands * dpkg-query - A tool for querying the package database * dpkg-statoverride - A tool for overriding modes and ownerships of files === apt-utils === [[DebPkg:apt-utils]] contains some less used commandline utilities related to package management with APT. * apt-ftparchive - create Packages and other index files needed to publish an archive of Debian packages === devscripts === [[DebPkg:devscripts]] provides several scripts to make the life of a Debian Package maintainer easier * debuild - This tool is used for rebuilding packages === dpkg-dev === [[DebPkg:dpkg-dev]] provides the development tools (including dpkg-source) required to unpack, build and upload Debian source packages. * dpkg-scanpackages - create Debian Packages index files from binary packages (.deb and variants) * dpkg-scansources - create Debian Sources index files from source packages (.dsc) === TODO unsorted === * apt-file - This tool searches for a filename installed by any package in the contents of sources.list. * apt-listchanges - This tool displays the relevant changelog entries whenever a package is upgraded. * [[apt-build]] - Used to build packages from the source files * DebPkg:apt-cdrom-setup - This tool allows [[CDROM|cdrom]] based sources to be included in the package sources list. * apt-rdepends - This tool generates recursive dependency trees for a package. * apt-spy - This tool is used to generate a sources.list file from the current list of mirrors, based on latency/bandwidth. * apt-show-versions - shows all available versions of a package (allows wildcards), or all packages, and displays upgrade information where applicable. * dpkg-reconfigure - Allows a package to be reconfigured based on preferences (the same questions that are asked when the package is first installed). * apt-show-source - This is a variant of "apt-cache show" that shows information against the named source package, rather than the binary package. * apt-listbugs - This tool shows known critical bugs in named packages. * apt-config - This program is used by the other apt utilities to provide a standard interface to the apt configuration settings. * apt-sortpkgs - Sorts records and fields within the sources and packages files. * apt-extracttemplates - Extracts templates and install scripts from packages. * apt-setup - This tool configures the sources.list file. * apt-offline - Offline Package Management * auto-apt - This tool checks the file access of programs running within its environments, and automatically installs packages if a program tries to access a file known to belong in an uninstalled package. * deborphan - This tool scans the package database for unused or redundant packages|| * DebPkg:dpkg-www - Debian package management web interface - browse Debian packages on a local or remote host using a normal web browser. * [[DebPkg:apt-xapian-index]] - a tool to maintain a [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xapian|Xapian]] index of Debian package information and a command line search tool that uses the index. * [[wajig]] - wrapper tool for apt-get, dpkg, apt-cache, wget, and others == Tools for managing a package repository == * apt-cacher - This is an alternative tool to apt-proxy. * apt-proxy - This is a specialized proxy server for accessing apt repositories. This can be used on a network to get packages from a central server that only downloads from the mirrors once. * apt-proxy-import - Imports packages into a cache used by apt-proxy. * apt-ftparchive - generates, from a directory of packages, the Packages and Sources control files used for an apt repository. * apt-move - Moves a collection of Debian packages into a proper pool directory hierarchy as used by a package repository. * apt-transport-https - Allows apt to be configured to use https == Alternative tools == * gdpm - Gnome Debian Package Manager (in development). * gnome-apt - Gnome Advanced Package Tool (in development). * pdbv - A tool for creating an xhtml view of the package database. * DebPkg:dselect - Deprecated: superseded by aptitude * [[tasksel]] – Tool for selecting tasks for installation on Debian systems * [[PackageKit]] - Distro-agnostic frontend under developement == See also === * Get a list of package management tools (requires [[DebPkg:debtags]]): {{{ aptitude search '~Gadmin::package-management~Gsuite::debian' }}} ------- TODO: add link to each command's manpage ---- CategoryPackageManagement | CategorySoftware |
Many tools available on a Debian system can be used for PackageManagement. Commonly used ones include:
apt - The main command-line package management tool
aptitude - command-line and text-based interface (ncurses) for Apt
Synaptic - Graphical package manager
gdebi - Graphical installer for standalone DebianPackages
gnome-software - Software Center for GNOME
Full list of package management tools
apt
The apt package provides commandline tools for searching, managing, and querying information about packages, and access all features of the libapt-pkg library:
- apt - high-level commandline interface for the package management system.
- apt-cache - performs a variety of operations on APT's package cache.
- apt-cdrom - used to add a new CD-ROM to APT's list of available sources.
- apt-config - APT Configuration Query program
apt-get - command-line tool for handling packages
- apt-key - manage the list of keys used by apt to authenticate packages.
dpkg
The dpkg package provides low-level infrastructure for handling the installation and removal of Debian software packages:
- dpkg - a tool to install, build, remove and manage Debian packages.
- dpkg-deb - Debian package archive (.deb) manipulation tool
- dpkg-divert - override a package's version of a file
- dpkg-maintscript-helper - works around known dpkg limitations in maintainer scripts
- dpkg-query - show information about packages listed in the dpkg database.
- dpkg-split - splits binary packages into smaller files and reassembles them(storage of large package files on small media)
- dpkg-statoverride - override ownership and mode of files
- dpkg-trigger - a tool to explicitly activate dpkg triggers
- update-alternatives - maintain symbolic links determining default commands
- dpkg-query - A tool for querying the package database
- dpkg-statoverride - A tool for overriding modes and ownerships of files
apt-utils
apt-utils contains some less used commandline utilities related to package management with APT.
- apt-ftparchive - create Packages and other index files needed to publish an archive of Debian packages
devscripts
devscripts provides several scripts to make the life of a Debian Package maintainer easier
- debuild - This tool is used for rebuilding packages
dpkg-dev
dpkg-dev provides the development tools (including dpkg-source) required to unpack, build and upload Debian source packages.
- dpkg-scanpackages - create Debian Packages index files from binary packages (.deb and variants)
- dpkg-scansources - create Debian Sources index files from source packages (.dsc)
TODO unsorted
- apt-file - This tool searches for a filename installed by any package in the contents of sources.list.
- apt-listchanges - This tool displays the relevant changelog entries whenever a package is upgraded.
?apt-build - Used to build packages from the source files
apt-cdrom-setup - This tool allows cdrom based sources to be included in the package sources list.
- apt-rdepends - This tool generates recursive dependency trees for a package.
- apt-spy - This tool is used to generate a sources.list file from the current list of mirrors, based on latency/bandwidth.
- apt-show-versions - shows all available versions of a package (allows wildcards), or all packages, and displays upgrade information where applicable.
- dpkg-reconfigure - Allows a package to be reconfigured based on preferences (the same questions that are asked when the package is first installed).
- apt-show-source - This is a variant of "apt-cache show" that shows information against the named source package, rather than the binary package.
- apt-listbugs - This tool shows known critical bugs in named packages.
- apt-config - This program is used by the other apt utilities to provide a standard interface to the apt configuration settings.
- apt-sortpkgs - Sorts records and fields within the sources and packages files.
- apt-extracttemplates - Extracts templates and install scripts from packages.
- apt-setup - This tool configures the sources.list file.
- apt-offline - Offline Package Management
- auto-apt - This tool checks the file access of programs running within its environments, and automatically installs packages if a program tries to access a file known to belong in an uninstalled package.
deborphan - This tool scans the package database for unused or redundant packages||
dpkg-www - Debian package management web interface - browse Debian packages on a local or remote host using a normal web browser.
apt-xapian-index - a tool to maintain a Xapian index of Debian package information and a command line search tool that uses the index.
?wajig - wrapper tool for apt-get, dpkg, apt-cache, wget, and others
Tools for managing a package repository
- apt-cacher - This is an alternative tool to apt-proxy.
- apt-proxy - This is a specialized proxy server for accessing apt repositories. This can be used on a network to get packages from a central server that only downloads from the mirrors once.
- apt-proxy-import - Imports packages into a cache used by apt-proxy.
- apt-ftparchive - generates, from a directory of packages, the Packages and Sources control files used for an apt repository.
- apt-move - Moves a collection of Debian packages into a proper pool directory hierarchy as used by a package repository.
- apt-transport-https - Allows apt to be configured to use https
Alternative tools
- gdpm - Gnome Debian Package Manager (in development).
- gnome-apt - Gnome Advanced Package Tool (in development).
- pdbv - A tool for creating an xhtml view of the package database.
dselect - Deprecated: superseded by aptitude
tasksel – Tool for selecting tasks for installation on Debian systems
PackageKit - Distro-agnostic frontend under developement
== See also ===
Get a list of package management tools (requires debtags): aptitude search '~Gadmin::package-management~Gsuite::debian'
TODO: add link to each command's manpage