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readded manual flash install after mailing lists agrees to do that
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*If for some reason you are still not able to use flash, you can install it manually. * Download flashplayer.tar.gz file from http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/ * Extract it. * And move one of the files over to the folder: {{{ cp /home/lucas/Desktop/libflashplayer.so /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/ cd /usr/lib/iceweasel/plugins/ ln -s /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libflashplayer.so }}} * Restart Firefox/iceweasel |
Translation: [:Manual-HowtoPolish:Polski],[:Manual-HowtoFrench:Français],[:Manual-HowtoDutch:Dutch],[:Manual-HowtoGerman:Deutsch]
How to install and configure various software on Debian. Step by step.
?TableOfContents(2)
Keywords: Debian GNU Linux, Manual, How To, How-To,howto, Installation, Configuration, Easy, From Windows XP to Debian, Wireless WPA2, anti-spam, fax, Documentation, MoinMoin Wiki, Linux, servers, Windows, Windows NT, Documentation, howto, ?HowTo, vmware, installation, vmwaretools, vmware tools, vm, tools, tool, AMD64, 64 bit
Debian Services
Installing and Configuring Postfix on Debian
See ["Postfix"]
Debian Postfix and smtp.sbcglobal.yahoo.com
See ["Postfix"]
Ampache (Music Server) on Debian
See ["Ampache"]
MoinMoin Wiki with Apache2 and Mod Python
See ?ApachePython
Fax Server
See HylaFax
Network Time Synchronization
See ["NTP"]
FTP Server
Install
- Install Ftp Server ("Very secure ftp server")
aptitude update aptitude install vsftpd
- Ftp server has been installed
Configure
- Now configure your server
- Edit /etc/vsftpd.conf
vi /etc/vsftpd.conf
[Optional] Disable Anonymous account by finding the line that says anonymous_enable=YES and make it
anonymous_enable=NO
- [Optional] Allow Write access (upload access). Find and uncomment the following line:
write_enable=YES
[Optional] Add you banner when people log in. Find and uncomment this #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. line and make it:
ftpd_banner=Welcome to example.com FTP service. Enjoy.
- [Optional] Allow local users to log in. Uncomment the following line:
local_enable=YES
Photo Album Server
Install
[Optional] You should have apache, mysql and php installed already. If you don't have these installed please install them.
apt-get update apt-get install apache2 apt-get install mysql-server apt-get install php5 apt-get install php5-mysql
- Let's start.
- Install gallery software
apt-get update apt-get install gallery2
- Provide root password for the database.
- Done with install.
Configure
- Now you need to enable gallery2 in your apache2 configuration.
- Uncomment the following line in /etc/apache2/conf.d/gallery
Alias /gallery2 /usr/share/gallery2
- [FYI]/etc/apache2/conf.d/gallery is a link to /etc/gallery2/apache.conf
*Now restart or start your apache server/
/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
Now visit http://localhost/gallery2 and you should see your gallery 2 configuration page.
Gallery2 configuration
- Start the installation process and follow the directions.
- Then they ask you to copy or create login.txt in /usr/share/gallery2. Download the login.txt and copy it into that folder
cp /home/lucas/Desktop/login.txt /usr/share/gallery2/
Follow to the next step and pick a standard installation
- Now choose a folder where you are going to store the pictures, movies etc.
mkdir /usr/share/gallery2/g2data chmod 755 /usr/share/gallery2/g2data chown www-data:www-data /usr/share/gallery2/g2data
- First one creates a folder, second makes it user writable, 3rd changes the owner to web server.
- Provide password for the database
- If you need to create gallery2 database. Log into mysql
mysql -u root -p
- Issue this command:
create database gallery2;
- Create an admin account
- Now lets go to gallery2 components.
Gallery2 Components
- They are all selected, so go over a list and desable the once you don't want. (commerce print cars, new user registration, quotas, etc)
- If you need to install some programs you could issue this commands:
apt-get install imagemagick
Done. You should have your gallery at: http://localhost/gallery2
[Optional] If you want to make it something else ex. http://localhost/photos edit the /etc/apache2/conf.d/gallery2 and make this line look like:
Alias /photos /usr/share/gallery2
Manage Photos
- Now you are ready to manage photos.
- Log in with your admin user and start adding files to your photo server
Samba
See the Debian Wiki page ?SambaDomainController
NFS Server
See the Debian Wiki page ["NFSServerSetup"].
VMware Server On Debian
- Very good how-to which didn't require from me any additional configuration to install vmware on debian and then windows xp as a guest os is here:
- See ["VMware"] article.
http://lucasmanual.com/out/Debian-vmware-windows-xp.jpg
VMware Kernel Upgrade
- On an upgrade when your kernel has been updated you need to download the kernel headers and reconfigure vmware.
aptitude update aptitude install linux-headers-$(uname -r) /usr/bin/vmware-config.pl
VMware on amd64
- In order to install vmware on amd64 you have to install few extra libs:
aptitude install linux-headers-`uname -r` libx11-6 libx11-dev x-window-system-core x-window-system xspecs libxtst6 psmisc build-essential ia32-libs
Debian Anti-Spam Anti-Virus Gateway Email Server
http://lucasmanual.com/mywiki/DebianAntiSpamGatewayEmailServer
RSA Authentication Manager
RSA Authentication Manager (needed for working with RSA's SecurID tokens) doesn't support Debian. Getting it to work in Debian is... a challenge, unless you have this simple 45-step HOWTO: http://discord.ensued.net/install_rsaauthmgr_with_etch_en.txt
- Trust me, 45 steps only seems a lot until you spent 3 days working out what the 45 steps should be...
Bacula Enterpise Bacukup
[http://lucasmanual.com/mywiki/Bacula Bacula Open Source Enterprise Bacukup Solution Installation and Configuration]
Debian Printing
http://lucasmanual.com/mywiki/DebianPrinting
Debian Configuration
Change from dhcp to static ip
- edit /etc/network/interfaces
- comment iface eth0 inet dhcp and below type :
iface eth0 inet static [tab]address 192.168.1.200 [tab]network 192.168.1.0 [tab]netmask 255.255.255.0 [tab]broadcast 192.168.1.255 [tab]gateway 192.168.1.1
- Your file should look like:
#iface eth0 inet dhcp iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.1.200 network 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255 gateway 192.168.1.1
- or
iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.5.200 network 192.168.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.5.255 gateway 192.168.5.254
Subversion
- Svn is a software that manages any type of data. It monitors its changes, lets you update them, and if something went wrong you can go back to previous version with no problems.
- Let's install it on Debian:
apt-cache search svn aptitude install subversion
- Subversion is installed
The story goes like this: I have a project I am working on. It is located at
/home/lucas/my_best_project
- This folder includes
/home/lucas/my_best_project/trunk/install.c /home/lucas/my_best_project/trunk/readme.txt
- I keep my working files in trunk. I want it in subversion now!
- We need to tell subversion where it can store its repositories:
- It will be in
/usr/local/src/
- Now create repository directory:
svnadmin create /usr/local/src/my_best_project
- Now I am going to import my_best_project to svn
svn import /home/lucas/my_best_project file:///usr/local/src/my_best_project -m "initial import"
Folder /home/lucas/my_best_project is not important anymore. SVN is not concerned what you are going to do with it.
Now we need to start working with subversion and we do that by creating a folder where we can work on my best project with subversion. It will be in /home/lucas/new_folder/ We need to go to that folder. And from that folder we issue command:
svn checkout file:///usr/local/src/my_best_project
- Now it created
/home/lucas/new_folder/my_best_project
- This folder contains files I kept in a trunk. I can now work on it and let svn take care the version tracking.
* Optional, you could use subversion over ssh. You need to install subversion on your computer and then:
svn co svn+ssh://your.remote-server.com/usr/local/src/my_best_project
* Done. Now its time to make that tool great.
Multimedia player and codec on Debian
- You can install great player that will play mp3, ogg, wma, aac, aacp stream, ampache stream, called ["Amarok"].
aptitude update aptitude install amarok
In order to have a full media experience in Debian you need to do the following
Add the repository from http://www.debian-multimedia.org/mirrors.html to your:
/etc/apt/source.list
Add mirror like deb http://mirrors.ecology.uni-kiel.de/debian/debian-multimedia {stable,etch,testing,lenny,unstable,sid} main (for my version it would be:
deb http://mirrors.ecology.uni-kiel.de/debian/debian-multimedia stable main
- [Optional]Add the GPG key:
wget http://www.debian-multimedia.org/pool/main/d/debian-multimedia-keyring/debian-multimedia-keyring_2007.02.14_all.deb dpkg -i debian-multimedia-keyring_2007.02.14_all.deb
- Now install a dvd player called xine :
aptitude update aptitude install xine-ui
- Install library that helps programs read DVDs.
aptitude search libdvdcss2
- Now install windows file format support:
aptitude install w32codecs
- On amd64 (64 bit) architecture install:
aptitude install w64codecs
- To install mp3 support install:
aptitude install libxine1-ffmpeg
- Done. You can remove the mirror we just entered from sourcelist if you wish to do so.
Ati binary driver
Steps borrowed from [http://michael.susens-schurter.com/blog/2006/11/20/installing-fglrx-ati-drivers-in-debian-etch/ Michael Schurter's blog]. Tips borrowed from [http://gentoo-wiki.com/HOWTO_ATI_Drivers Gentoo wiki].
- Step 0: Install the required packages (you may need to add "non-free" to /etc/apt/sources.list)
aptitude update aptitude install fglrx-control fglrx-driver fglrx-kernel-src module-assistant mesa-utils
- Step 1: Change to kernel and kernel module source code directory.
cd /usr/src
- Step 2: Prepare your system to build new kernel modules.
module-assistant prepare
- Step 3: Build the fglrx kernel module.
module-assistant a-i fglrx
- Step 4: Make a copy of your xorg.conf file:
cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.todaysdate
- Step 5: Edit your /etc/X11/xorg.conf file, and set your display driver to fglrx
Locate the device section and add the corresponding lines Section "Device".
Section "Device" Driver "fglrx" Option "VideoOverlay" "on" EndSection
- Driver line is probably currently set to "radeon" or "ati". Remember which name you have because you will use it in step #7.
- Also enable XVideo in Extentions
Section "Extensions" Option "XVideo" "Enable" EndSection
- Step 5: Exit Gnome (or KDE, just get out of X Windows), press ctrl-alt-F1 to get a console, login as root.
- Step 6: Stop Gnome Display Manager:
/etc/init.d/gdm stop
Or KDE Display Manager
/etc/init.d/kdm stop
Or X Display Manager
/etc/init.d/xdm stop
- Step 7: Remove the old kernel module
modprobe -r radeon
- Step 8: Load the new kernel module
modprobe fglrx
- Step 9: Start the Display manager (substitude gdm with kdm or xdm)
/etc/init.d/gdm start
- Step 10: Test the 3d acceleration
glxinfo | grep direct
- Step 11: Test the xvideo extension
xvinfo
Mount Windows Share
- You need to have smbfs installed. If you don't do this:
aptitude update aptitude install smbfs
- To mount windows share drive you need to create a folder:
mkdir somefolder
- As root or with root privilages (su root or sudo)
mount -t smbfs -o username=administrator,password=password //windowsservername/folder /home/lucas/somefolder
If you don' want the password to show up you could do
mount -t smbfs -o username=administrator //windowsservername/folder /home/lucas/somefolder
[Optional] You can replace administrator with your username. You can also replace windowsservername with ip address //192.168.1.10/folder ....
Add a network card
- See if your card is in a list.
lspci -v
- Add a network card by a hardware number. Replace 00:00:..:00 with your hardware number. It should be 16 characters.
ifconfig eth1 hw erher 00:00:..:00 uo
Raid 1 Setup
http://lucasmanual.com/mywiki/DebianRAID
Power Users
Sudo
- If sudo command is not installed, install it.
aptitude update aptitude install sudo
- Then run visudo
visudo
Copy root ALL=(ALL) ALL and paste it right below. Then change root to your user name on the pasted line.
yourusername ALL=(ALL) ALL
Disable ssh root access
Edit file sshd_config file
vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
On a line where you see Permit root login change it to no
PermitRootLogin no
- Restart or reload ssh
/etc/init.d/ssh force-reload
- This will prevent other users from trying to get guess your password. 100s of lines on your system that look:
Security Events =-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Feb 5 07:21:15 localhost sshd[8586]: Failed password for root from xx.xx.xx.xx port 60618 ssh2 Feb 5 07:21:15 localhost sshd[8588]: Failed password for root from xx.xx.xx.xx port 60637 ssh2
AWStats on Debian
- Install AWStats
aptitude update aptitude awstats
- Configure the apache2 for awstats
- Copy configuration file for apache2.
cp /usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/apache.conf /etc/apache2/conf.d/awstats
Then edit /etc/awstats/awstats.conf file and make sure the file contains (double check the apache2 word)
LogFile="/var/log/apache2/access.log" SiteDomain="mysite.org" LogFormat=1
- Now change a permission on apache log file
chmod o+r /var/log/apache2/access.log
- Make it a default that access.log has these permissions.
Edit the /etc/logrotate.d/apache2 and make sure it has these lines
create 644 root adm
- And
prerotate /usr/lib/cgi-bin/awstats.pl -config=awstats.www.mysite.org.conf -update endscript
- Final file should look similar to :
/var/log/apache2/*.log { weekly missingok rotate 52 compress delaycompress notifempty create 644 root adm sharedscripts prerotate /usr/lib/cgi-bin/awstats.pl -config=awstats.conf -update endscript postrotate if [ -f /var/run/apache2.pid ]; then /etc/init.d/apache2 restart > /dev/null fi endscript }
- Reload apache
/etc/init.d/apache2 reload
- And visit:
http://localhost/cgi-bin/awstats.pl?config=awstat.conf or http://www.mysite.com/cgi-bin/awstats.pl?config=awstat.conf [Optional]
To make it easier to remember the address you can edit /etc/apache2/conf.d/awstats and add this line.
RedirectMatch ^/logs /cgi-bin/awstats.pl?config=awstat.conf
- Now you can access the awstats statistics by going to
- Done.
unixODBC
- Install odbc, and mssql drivers (tdsodbc)
aptitude update aptitude install tdsodbc unixodbc
- Create a driver template.
vi /etc/freetds/tds.driver.template
- Inside add :
[TDS] Description = FreeTDS Driver for Linux & MSSQL on Win32 Driver = /usr/lib/odbc/libtdsodbc.so Setup = /usr/lib/odbc/libtdsS.so
- Now dsn file:
vi /etc/freetds/tds.dsn.template
- And inside add:
[DSN_NAME] Description = Descripton of you DSN connection. Driver = TDS Trace = No Database = DefaultDatabase [replace with your database name] Server = mysqlserver.inter.net [replace with your SQL server's host,ip] Port = 1433 [replace with the port that SQL is listening on]
- Now run this command to add your driver to unixodbc
odbcinst -i -d -f /etc/freetds/tds.driver.template
- Now you add dsn. You have 2 options.
- Add system DSN for all users
odbcinst -i -s -l -f /etc/freetds/tds.dsn.template
- Add dsn to a user your are running a command on:
odbcinst -i -s -f /etc/freetds/tds.dsn.template
- Now test your connection:
isql -v DSN_NAME username password
- You should get something like
********************************************** * unixODBC - isql * ********************************************** * Syntax * * * . . . more .
Troubleshooting
- If you can not connect it is probable that your database is listening on a different port.
- Try this:
telnet myserver 1433
- You should see something like:
Trying 10.3.3.10... Connected to myserver. Escape character is '^]'.
type quit to exit. Replace 1433 with a port number, replace myserver with your servers name.
If you still get connection refused try telnet from windows and see if you get same answer.
Apt Preferences
As of October 1st apt will [http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2007/08/msg00000.html install recomended packages as well.]
- If you would like to view packages from other distrubutions, (testing, unstable)
- Create a file
vi /etc/apt/preferances
- And inside put these lines. Change the Pin-Priority to reflect your default install.
- If you are using testing Debian make sure testing is the bigger number.
- This file will install only from the highest pin but it will show you if the packages is available in testing or unstable
Package: * Pin: release a=stable Pin-Priority: 600 Package: * Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 450 Package: * Pin: release a=unstable Pin-Priority: 400
Now add testing and unstable to /etc/apt/source.list by coping and paste deb and deb-src lines and change stabel to testing, and then again stable to unstable.
- Update list
aptitude update
Debian User Configuration
Change default editor
- Install your editor
- Example:
aptitude update aptitude install vim
- Run configuration change
update-alternatives --config editor
- From a list pick your editor. And you are done.
Change default pdf viewer
- Install your pdf viewer
- Click right mouse button on a pdf file
Change: 'Properties -> Open with' to your favorite pdf viewer.
Check installed browser plugins
- Input "about:plugins" into URL of browser
Java Runtime Enviroment (JRE)
- Here is how to install Java on Debian
You will need to add 'non-free' to your /etc/apt/source.list then do:
aptitude update aptitude install sun-java5-jre aptitude install sun-java5-plugin
If you want you can take away 'non-free' when done, and do aptitude update.
- This package that you just installed is not a development environment and doesn't contain development tools such as compilers or debuggers.
- For development tools, you need to install the Java Development Kit JDK(TM) package.
aptitude update aptitude install sun-java5-jdk
Testing Version of Debian (lenny) contains Java 6.
Flash Player
Refere to [:FlashPlayer:] page for instructions on how to install flashplayer plugin for Iceaweasel/firefox on Debian System
- If for some reason you are still not able to use flash, you can install it manually.
Download flashplayer.tar.gz file from http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/
- Extract it.
- And move one of the files over to the folder:
cp /home/lucas/Desktop/libflashplayer.so /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/ cd /usr/lib/iceweasel/plugins/ ln -s /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libflashplayer.so
- Restart Firefox/iceweasel
Laptop and Debian
Intel ipw2200
- The ipw2200 drivers are now part of kernel.
- [:ipw2200:]
Broadcom wireless card
- The various drivers for broadcom card can be found here:
- [:bcm43xx:]
Authenticate with wpa using PSK TKIP
* Install wpasupplicant
aptitude update aptitude install wpasupplicant
* Open /etc/network/interfaces
vi /etc/network/interfaces
*If you see "iface eth2..." add the following lines, but change ssid and password:
iface eth2 inet dhcp wpa-ssid thisismynetworkname wpa-key_mgmt WPA-PSK wpa-proto WPA wpa-pairwise TKIP wpa-group TKIP wpa-psk thisismypassword wpa-driver wext
*Exit, and now type:
ifup eth2
*Done. If you want you your wireless card to connect each time you boot your computer add this above "iface eth2.."
auto eth2
*Done. [Optional](see the [:WPA:WPA page] for status on wpa support in debian)
Intel Graphic card - Higher reolution
- install 915resolution
aptitude install 915resolution
- See what resolutions are available
915resolution -l
If the resolution you desire is not listed you will need to dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg and add new resolutions.
- For example (using mode 5c (1920x1440):
sudo 915resolution 5c 1280 800 24
User Manuals
DVD9 to DVD5
[http://lucasmanual.com/mywiki/DVD9toDVD5 DVD9toDVD5]
DVD9 to AVI
[http://lucasmanual.com/mywiki/DVD9toAVI DVD9toAVI]
rsync
[http://lucasmanual.com/mywiki/rsync rsync]
Troubleshooting
SSH terminal connection timeout
- If you get an error:
Read from remote host example.com: Connection reset by peer Connection to example.com closed
- Edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config and add:
ClientAliveInterval 150
Dynamic MMap ran out of room
- If you see an error like:
Reading package lists... Error! E: Dynamic MMap ran out of room E: Error occurred while processing vlc (NewVersion1)
apt-get update -o APT::Cache-Limit=25165824
MySQL
[http://lucasmanual.com/mywiki/MySQL MySQL]
Useful Debian Programs
Digital Camera
* Digikam, for all your digital camera needs
aptitude update aptitude install digikam
CD and DVD
* K3B, for burning cd/dvd.
aptitude update aptitude install k3b
Players and Viewers
Flash
For Flash support you need to add contrib to /etc/apt/sources.list , then
aptitude update aptitude install flashplugin-nonfree
How to Remote connect to windows
- You can connect to Microsoft Windows Remote Connection via rdesktop
- Install rdesktop
aptitude update aptitude install rdesktop
- Then you can start rdesktop or from a command line
rdesktop ip.add.re.ss or rdesktop remoteconnection.example.com