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console-data is optional, the keymap with will be dynamically generated ( see setupcon -v, as called by service keyboard-setup restart )
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## ############################################################## ## ## More informations on "DebianWiki/EditorGuide" article ## Don't use all this template, just what you need ! ## ## ############################################################## ## ||<tablestyle="width: 100%;" style="border: 0px hidden">~-Translation(s): none-~ ||<style="text-align: right; border: 0px hidden"> (!) [:/Discussion:Discussion]|| [[BR]] ||<tablestyle="width: 100%; text-align: center; border: 0px hidden"> http://www.debian.org/logos/openlogo-nd-50.png http://www.debian.org/Pics/debian.png|| ||<style="border: 0px hidden">~+inline:Portal/IDB/logo_portal.png Welcome to ["Debian"] Keyboard+~|| |
~-[[DebianWiki/EditorGuide#translation|Translation(s)]]: English - [[fr/Keyboard|Français]] - [[it/Keyboard|Italiano]] - [[ru/Keyboard|Русский]] -~ |
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inline:Portal/IDB/icon-template-32x32.png This portal talk about keyboards. Technical language could be used, but explained. ---- |
||<tablestyle="width: 100%; text-align: center; border: 0px hidden"> {{http://www.debian.org/logos/openlogo-nd-50.png}} {{http://www.debian.org/Pics/debian.png}}|| ||<style="border: 0px hidden">~+{{attachment:Portal/IDB/logo_portal.png}} Welcome to the [[Debian]] portal for keyboard information +~|| ## For long page, you can use a TOC <<TableOfContents(2)>> |
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## For long portal, you can use a TOC ## [[TableOfContents(2)]] |
== Keyboard configuration == |
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* [:/MultimediaKeys:Configure additionnal multimedia key] | To configure the keyboard, you have to install following packages: |
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## == Waiting for rectification == ## Pages need works like merging, ambiguous |
* DebianPkg:keyboard-configuration |
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---- ## - If this page belongs to an existing Category, add it below. CategoryPortal | CategoryKeyboard |
The keyboard settings are stored in '''{{{/etc/default/keyboard}}}''' file. It's provided by DebPkg:keyboard-configuration package (it's a part of the DebPkg:console-setup source package), and other packages use this information in order to configure the keyboard on the console or in X Window System. You can change your keyboard settings using: {{{ # dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration # service keyboard-setup restart }}} As usual, it will prompt you for the ''model'' of keyboard (what the keyboard ''*is*''), and then for the keyboard ''layout'' (what the keys should ''*do*''). Use this tool to change your keyboard map, e. g. from ''QWERTY'' to ''QWERTZ'' or to ''Dvorak'', or for non-English layouts. To apply new settings, restarting the {{{keyboard-setup}}} service should suffice, otherwise you can try to restart kernel input system via udev: {{{ udevadm trigger --subsystem-match=input --action=change }}} or reboot the whole OS. You can also edit {{{/etc/default/keyboard}}} manually, here's an example: {{{ # KEYBOARD CONFIGURATION FILE # Consult the keyboard(5) manual page. XKBMODEL="pc105" XKBLAYOUT="us,de,fr,ua,ru" XKBVARIANT="" XKBOPTIONS="grp:alt_shift_toggle" BACKSPACE="guess" }}} * XKBMODEL is a keyboard model variable (look at a {{{/usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/base.lst}}} (plain text) or {{{/usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/base.xml}}} (XML) for a full list); * XKBLAYOUT variable contains a list of used layouts; * "grp:alt_shift_toggle" sets a layout switching key combination (<Alt>+<Shift>). See also: * [[DebianMan:5/keyboard|keyboard(5)]] man page. * Keyboard layout (keymap) section in [[http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch08.en.html#_the_keyboard_input|debian-reference]] ("{{{dpkg-reconfigure --priority=low xserver-xorg}}}" command suggested by the page linked above does not work in Squeeze. You may try to add something like "{{{setxkbmap us,ru -option grp:ctrl_shift_toggle}}}" into {{{~/.xsessionrc}}} instead). * [[/MultimediaKeys|Configure additional multimedia keys]]. == How to set keyboard layout in initramfs == The appropriate section of {{{/etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf}}} needs to be changed to have a localized keyboard layout at boot time: {{{ # # KEYMAP: [ y | n ] # # Load a keymap during the initramfs stage. # KEYMAP=y }}} Apply changes: {{{ # update-initramfs -u }}} == How to enable USB keyboard in initramfs == The initramfs-tools must include the {{{usbhid}}} module and its dependencies for USB keyboard support at boot time. Either the configuration file {{{/etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/driver-policy}}} must include most modules, or they will have to be specified in another file: {{{ # # MODULES: [ most | netboot | dep | list ] # # most - Add most filesystem and all harddrive drivers. # # dep - Try and guess which modules to load. # # netboot - Add the base modules, network modules, but skip block devices. # # list - Only include modules from the 'additional modules' list # MODULES=most }}} If the configuration above was not set to include most modules, then the necessary modules have to be specified in the file {{{/etc/initramfs-tools/modules}}}: {{{ # USB keyboard at boot usbcore uhci_hcd ehci_hcd usbhid }}} Apply changes: {{{ # update-initramfs -u }}} == How to switch a keyboard layout in X11 / graphical desktop environment == Use your favorite desktop keyboard layout switcher applet. You can also switch the layout from the terminal, e. g.: {{{ $ setxkbmap de $ setxkbmap fr $ setxkbmap us }}} Of special interest for keyboard hardware with us layout might be the ''altgr-intl'' variant (this provides a simple !AltGr mapping for many umlauts and special symbols): {{{ $ setxkbmap -rules evdev -model evdev -layout us -variant altgr-intl }}} or {{{ $ setxkbmap -model pc105 -layout us -variant altgr-intl }}} To configure a simple key for toggling between multiple configured keyboard layouts, see Option !XkbOptions in Section !InputClass somewhere within the xorg config file collection (see [[https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/solved-setxkbmap-xinitrc.48412/#post-270733|[SOLVED] Setxkbmap .xinitrc]]). |
Translation(s): English - Français - Italiano - Русский
Contents
Keyboard configuration
To configure the keyboard, you have to install following packages:
The keyboard settings are stored in /etc/default/keyboard file. It's provided by keyboard-configuration package (it's a part of the console-setup source package), and other packages use this information in order to configure the keyboard on the console or in X Window System.
You can change your keyboard settings using:
# dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration # service keyboard-setup restart
As usual, it will prompt you for the model of keyboard (what the keyboard *is*), and then for the keyboard layout (what the keys should *do*). Use this tool to change your keyboard map, e. g. from QWERTY to QWERTZ or to Dvorak, or for non-English layouts.
To apply new settings, restarting the keyboard-setup service should suffice, otherwise you can try to restart kernel input system via udev:
udevadm trigger --subsystem-match=input --action=change
or reboot the whole OS.
You can also edit /etc/default/keyboard manually, here's an example:
# KEYBOARD CONFIGURATION FILE # Consult the keyboard(5) manual page. XKBMODEL="pc105" XKBLAYOUT="us,de,fr,ua,ru" XKBVARIANT="" XKBOPTIONS="grp:alt_shift_toggle" BACKSPACE="guess"
XKBMODEL is a keyboard model variable (look at a /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/base.lst (plain text) or /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/base.xml (XML) for a full list);
- XKBLAYOUT variable contains a list of used layouts;
"grp:alt_shift_toggle" sets a layout switching key combination (<Alt>+<Shift>).
See also:
keyboard(5) man page.
Keyboard layout (keymap) section in debian-reference ("dpkg-reconfigure --priority=low xserver-xorg" command suggested by the page linked above does not work in Squeeze. You may try to add something like "setxkbmap us,ru -option grp:ctrl_shift_toggle" into ~/.xsessionrc instead).
How to set keyboard layout in initramfs
The appropriate section of /etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf needs to be changed to have a localized keyboard layout at boot time:
# # KEYMAP: [ y | n ] # # Load a keymap during the initramfs stage. # KEYMAP=y
Apply changes:
# update-initramfs -u
How to enable USB keyboard in initramfs
The initramfs-tools must include the usbhid module and its dependencies for USB keyboard support at boot time. Either the configuration file /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/driver-policy must include most modules, or they will have to be specified in another file:
# # MODULES: [ most | netboot | dep | list ] # # most - Add most filesystem and all harddrive drivers. # # dep - Try and guess which modules to load. # # netboot - Add the base modules, network modules, but skip block devices. # # list - Only include modules from the 'additional modules' list # MODULES=most
If the configuration above was not set to include most modules, then the necessary modules have to be specified in the file /etc/initramfs-tools/modules:
# USB keyboard at boot usbcore uhci_hcd ehci_hcd usbhid
Apply changes:
# update-initramfs -u
How to switch a keyboard layout in X11 / graphical desktop environment
Use your favorite desktop keyboard layout switcher applet. You can also switch the layout from the terminal, e. g.:
$ setxkbmap de $ setxkbmap fr $ setxkbmap us
Of special interest for keyboard hardware with us layout might be the altgr-intl variant (this provides a simple AltGr mapping for many umlauts and special symbols):
$ setxkbmap -rules evdev -model evdev -layout us -variant altgr-intl
or
$ setxkbmap -model pc105 -layout us -variant altgr-intl
To configure a simple key for toggling between multiple configured keyboard layouts, see Option XkbOptions in Section InputClass somewhere within the xorg config file collection (see [SOLVED] Setxkbmap .xinitrc).