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Comment: Few typos.
Revision 87 as of 2020-10-03 10:43:20
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Editor: ?Klaus Stein
Comment: Iceweasel is Firefox again
Deletions are marked like this. Additions are marked like this.
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||<tablestyle="width: 100%;" style="border: 0px hidden">~-[[DebianWiki/EditorGuide#translation|Translation(s)]]: [[DebianGnome|English]] - [[fr/DebianGnome|Français]] - [[zh_CN/Gnome|简体中文]] -~||<style="text-align: right;border: 0px hidden"> (!) [[/Discussion|Discussion]]|| ~-[[DebianWiki/EditorGuide#translation|Translation(s)]]: English - [[es/Gnome|español]] - [[pt_BR/Gnome|Brasileiro]] - [[fr/Gnome|Français]] - [[it/Gnome|Italiano]] - [[ko/Gnome|한국어]] - [[ms/DebianGnome|Melayu]] - [[ru/Gnome|Русский]] - [[zh_CN/Gnome|简体中文]]-~
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{{https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Gnomelogo.svg/2000px-Gnomelogo.svg.png|Screenshot|width=160}}
## 2000px-Gnomelogo.svg.png used and respecting all the requirements/conditions described in https://www.gnome.org/logo-and-trademarks/
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The [[http://www.gnome.org|GNOME]] Desktop is an attractive and useful desktop environment. GNOME is both free and one of the most widely used desktop environments on the GNU/Linux operating system. The [[https://www.gnome.org|GNOME]] Desktop is an attractive and useful desktop environment. GNOME is both free and one of the most widely used desktop environments on the GNU/Linux operating system.
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== Gnome in Debian ==
Debian 5.0 Lenny includes GNOME 2.22 (and some bits of gnome 2.20 that are more stable than 2.22).
== GNOME in Debian ==
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There are four options to install Gnome in Debian: GNOME is one of the DesktopEnvironment options in the DebianDesktopHowTo.

=== Versions ===

 * [[DebianBuster]] includes GNOME 3.30.
 * [[DebianStretch]] includes GNOME 3.22.
 * [[DebianJessie]] includes GNOME 3.14.
 * [[DebianWheezy]] includes GNOME 3.4.
 * [[DebianSqueeze]] includes GNOME 2.30.
 * [[DebianBullseye]] is likely to include GNOME 3.38.
 * For the development distributions [[DebianUnstable]]/[[DebianTesting]], please refer to the versions of the individual upstream packages, such as [[https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/gnome-shell|gnome-shell]]. During transitions between versions, the GNOME packages are not necessarily all at the same version.

The [[https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/meta-gnome3|meta-gnome3 metapackage]] is not a good indication of the version of the overall desktop, particularly in development distributions.

=== Options ===

There are four options to install GNOME in Debian:
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|| GNOME desktop task || tasksel [[#task|see below]] || Debian's selection of applications<<BR>>('''This is what is installed on a freshly installed system'''. It includes some applications that do not really integrate with GNOME, like OpenOffice.org and iceweasel) ||
|| GNOME ''(Debian)'' || DebPkg:gnome package || The full GNOME environment, including applications that are not officially part of the Upstream GNOME releases.<<BR>>It provides the recommended GNOME environment for Debian. ||
|| GNOME ''(Upstream)'' || DebPkg:gnome-desktop-environment package || The official upstream GNOME environment, minus a few packages.<<BR>>It is the closest to upstream recommendations. ||
|| GNOME accessibility || DebPkg:gnome-accessibility package || The accessibility components of the GNOME desktop:<<BR>>screen reader, mouse utilities, magnifier… ||
|| GNOME
(core only) || DebPkg:gnome-core package || This is a '''minimalist gnome installation'''<<BR>>(You have to install all end-user applications later). Above packages depend on this one.||
|| GNOME desktop task || tasksel [[#task|see below]] || Debian's selection of applications<<BR>>('''This is what is installed on a freshly installed system'''. It includes some applications that do not really integrate with GNOME, like LibreOffice and Firefox) ||
|| GNOME ''(Debian)'' || DebianPkg:gnome package || The full GNOME environment, including applications that are not officially part of the Upstream GNOME releases.<<BR>>It provides the recommended GNOME environment for Debian. ||
|| GNOME (core only) || DebianPkg:gnome-core package || Only the official “core” modules of the GNOME desktop. Above packages depend on this one.||
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 {i} Watch out ''recommended'' packages (i.e packages dependencies) !<<BR>> (you might or might not want to install them).  {i} Watch out ''recommended'' packages (i.e. packages dependencies) !<<BR>> (you might or might not want to install them).
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 * DebPkg:gnome-core-devel - The development packages to compile GNOME dependent packages from source.
 * DebPkg:gnome-devel - A full development suite for developing GNOME-based applications.
 * DebPkg:gnome-api-docs - The complete API documentation for all GNOME libraries
 * DebPkg:gnome-dbg - All available debugging symbols for GNOME packages
 * DebianPkg:gnome-core-devel - The development packages to compile GNOME dependent packages from source.
 * DebianPkg:gnome-devel - A full development suite for developing GNOME-based applications.
 * DebianPkg:gnome-api-docs - The complete API documentation for all GNOME libraries
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== Installing "Gnome Desktop" task == == Installing "GNOME Desktop" task ==
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The ''GNOME Desktop'' task is what is installed by Debian-Installer's {{{Desktop}}} ''"task"'' (unless you picked another DesktopEnvironment !). The ''GNOME Desktop'' task is what is installed by Debian-Installer's {{{Desktop}}} ''"task"'' (unless you picked another DesktopEnvironment!).
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 To install it, first make sure that DebPkg:tasksel and DebPkg:aptitude:
 {{{
apt-get install aptitude tasksel
You can install it manually using apt:

{{{
# apt-get install task-gnome-desktop
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 Then, install the gnome task:
 {{{
tasksel install gnome-desktop --new-install
}}}
 * (The option {{{--new-install}}} ensure we end-up with what DebianInstaller would have installed ).
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FYI,

The "Gnome Desktop" task is actually the sum of [[DebPkg:tasksel|tasksel]]'s ''common'' desktop ({{{desktop}}}) and [[DebPkg:tasksel|tasksel]]'s selected desktop ({{{gnome-desktop}}}) :
 {{{
#tasksel -t install gnome desktop
debconf-apt-progress -- aptitude -q --without-recommends -o APT::Install-Recommends=no -y install ~t^desktop$ ~t^gnome-desktop$
}}}

At the time of writing (DebianLenny), this corresponds to:

##TAG:TASK_PLGLIST_START
'''{{{(tasksel --task-packages desktop ; tasksel --task-packages gnome-desktop) | sort -u}}}'''
##
## TO REFRESH THE LIST ON THE WIKI:
## ( tasksel --task-packages desktop ; tasksel --task-packages gnome-desktop ) | sort -u | sed -e 's,.*, [[DebianPkg:\0]] <<BR>>,'
##
 [[DebianPkg:alsa-base]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:alsa-utils]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:anacron]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:avahi-daemon]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:cpufrequtils]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:cups]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:cups-bsd]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:cups-client]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:cups-driver-gutenprint]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:desktop-base]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:eject]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:epiphany-browser]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:foo2zjs]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:foomatic-filters-ppds]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:gimp]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:gksu]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:gnome]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:gnome-desktop-environment]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:gparted]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:gthumb]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:hal-cups-utils]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:hardinfo]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:hpijs]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:hplip]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:hp-ppd]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:iceweasel]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:iceweasel-gnome-support]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:inkscape]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:kerneloops]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:libgl1-mesa-dri]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:libnss-mdns]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:liferea]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:menu]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:menu-xdg]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:myspell-en-us]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:network-manager-gnome]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:openoffice.org]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:openoffice.org-evolution]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:openoffice.org-gcj]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:openoffice.org-gnome]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:openoffice.org-help-en-us]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:openoffice.org-thesaurus-en-us]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:printconf]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:rarian-compat]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:swfdec-mozilla]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:tsclient]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:twm]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:update-notifier]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:vbetool]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:xdg-utils]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:xorg]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:xsane]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:xserver-xorg-input-all]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:xserver-xorg-video-all]] <<BR>>
 [[DebianPkg:xterm]] <<BR>>
##TAG:TASK_PLGLIST_END
The "GNOME Desktop" task is the combination of [[DebianPkg:tasksel|tasksel]]'s ''common'' desktop (DebianPackage:task-desktop) and [[DebianPkg:tasksel|tasksel]]'s GNOME desktop (DebianPackage:task-gnome-desktop) meta-packages.
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Most configuration of the GNOME desktop is done via its various [[WikiPedia:GUI|GUI]] utilities. The location of these varies depending on version, but common utilities include networking, themes, sounds and much more. It is also possible to configure (read/write) settings using the command line with [[DebianMan:gconftool|gconftool(2)]]. Most configuration of the GNOME desktop is done via its various [[WikiPedia:GUI|GUI]] utilities. The location of these varies depending on version, but common utilities include networking, themes, sounds and much more. It is also possible to configure (read/write) settings using the command line with [[DebianMan:gsettings|gsettings(1)]].
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The equivalent of [[DebianMan:gsettings|gsettings(1)]] in much older versions of GNOME was [[DebianMan:gconftool|gconftool(2)]]. This is no longer used by GNOME itself, but might still be useful to configure very old applications.

== Improve animations on AMD CPU systems (and some others) ==

Although Gnome developers are working to improve the situation, as of Gnome 3.30 animations are still heavily reliant on a single thread processed by the CPU.

The default CPUFreq scaling governor (Ondemand) which is used by AMD CPUs, older Intel CPUs, and many other CPUs, drops core frequency significantly between each animation frame (the issue is amplified by the nature of Gnome's engine only rendering frames as required) and this can result in jolty/laggy/slow animations. If you are experiencing this you may find the situation can be greatly improved by adjusting Ondemand's "sampling_down_factor" setting.

You can test if this improves animation smoothness on your system by executing the following command:

{{{
# echo -n 50 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/ondemand/sampling_down_factor
}}}

If you see an improvement and would like to make the setting persistent through reboots you can install sysfsutils:

{{{
# apt install sysfsutils
}}}

Then create the file '''/etc/sysfs.d/ondemand.conf''' and place inside the following:

{{{
devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/ondemand/sampling_down_factor = 50
}}}

Note: This tweak can result in a ''minuscule'' increase to your CPU's power consumption and heat generation.
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 * [[http://www.gnome.org]] The GNOME Website
 * [[http://gpe.handhelds.org/]] The mini version: GNOME Palmtop Environmnet (GPE).
 * [[http://www.gnome.org/start/getstable.html]] : apt-get install gnome
 * [[http://www.gnome.org/learn/users-guide/latest/]] : GNOME User Guide.
 * [[http://www.gnomefiles.com]] Categorized list of gnome programs.
 * [[https://www.gnome.org]] The GNOME Website
 * [[https://www.gnome.org/news/]] GNOME News
 * [[https://extensions.gnome.org/]] GNOME Extensions
 * [[https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps]] GNOME Applications
 * [[https://wiki.gnome.org/Gnome3CheatSheet]] GNOME Cheatsheet
 * [[https://wiki.gnome.org/]] GNOME wiki page
 * [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GNOME]] GNOME on Arch Linux wiki
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 * [[http://wiki.debian.org/DebianPackage?action=fullsearch&context=180&value=Gnome|Pages about GNOME in DebianWiki]].
 * [[http://lists.debian.org/debian-gtk-gnome/]] Debian / Gnome Mailing list

 * [[Teams/DebianGnome]] Debian GNOME Packaging
 * [[https://people.debian.org/~fpeters/gnome/debian-gnome-3.30-status.html]] Status of GNOME 3.30 in Debian (buster, current stable)
 * [[https://people.debian.org/~fpeters/gnome/debian-gnome-3.38-status.html]] Status of GNOME 3.38 in Debian (testing/unstable/experimental)
 * [[https://wiki.debian.org/DebianPackage?action=fullsearch&context=180&value=Gnome|Pages about GNOME in DebianWiki]].
 * [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-gtk-gnome/]] Debian / GNOME Mailing list
 * [[irc://irc.debian.org/debian-gnome|#debian-gnome]] IRC channel
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 CategoryDesktopEnvironment
CategoryDesktopEnvironment | CategorySoftware

Translation(s): English - español - Brasileiro - Français - Italiano - 한국어 - Melayu - Русский - 简体中文


Screenshot

What is GNOME?

The GNOME Desktop is an attractive and useful desktop environment. GNOME is both free and one of the most widely used desktop environments on the GNU/Linux operating system.

GNOME in Debian

GNOME is one of the DesktopEnvironment options in the DebianDesktopHowTo.

Versions

The meta-gnome3 metapackage is not a good indication of the version of the overall desktop, particularly in development distributions.

Options

There are four options to install GNOME in Debian:

How to install

Description

GNOME desktop task

tasksel see below

Debian's selection of applications
(This is what is installed on a freshly installed system. It includes some applications that do not really integrate with GNOME, like LibreOffice and Firefox)

GNOME (Debian)

gnome package

The full GNOME environment, including applications that are not officially part of the Upstream GNOME releases.
It provides the recommended GNOME environment for Debian.

GNOME (core only)

gnome-core package

Only the official “core” modules of the GNOME desktop. Above packages depend on this one.

  • {i} Watch out recommended packages (i.e. packages dependencies) !
    (you might or might not want to install them).

For developers:

  • gnome-core-devel - The development packages to compile GNOME dependent packages from source.

  • gnome-devel - A full development suite for developing GNOME-based applications.

  • gnome-api-docs - The complete API documentation for all GNOME libraries

Installing "GNOME Desktop" task

The GNOME Desktop task is what is installed by Debian-Installer's Desktop "task" (unless you picked another DesktopEnvironment!).

You can install it manually using apt:

# apt-get install task-gnome-desktop

Content

The "GNOME Desktop" task is the combination of tasksel's common desktop (task-desktop) and tasksel's GNOME desktop (task-gnome-desktop) meta-packages.

Configuration

Most configuration of the GNOME desktop is done via its various GUI utilities. The location of these varies depending on version, but common utilities include networking, themes, sounds and much more. It is also possible to configure (read/write) settings using the command line with gsettings(1).

The equivalent of gsettings(1) in much older versions of GNOME was gconftool(2). This is no longer used by GNOME itself, but might still be useful to configure very old applications.

Improve animations on AMD CPU systems (and some others)

Although Gnome developers are working to improve the situation, as of Gnome 3.30 animations are still heavily reliant on a single thread processed by the CPU.

The default CPUFreq scaling governor (Ondemand) which is used by AMD CPUs, older Intel CPUs, and many other CPUs, drops core frequency significantly between each animation frame (the issue is amplified by the nature of Gnome's engine only rendering frames as required) and this can result in jolty/laggy/slow animations. If you are experiencing this you may find the situation can be greatly improved by adjusting Ondemand's "sampling_down_factor" setting.

You can test if this improves animation smoothness on your system by executing the following command:

# echo -n 50 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/ondemand/sampling_down_factor

If you see an improvement and would like to make the setting persistent through reboots you can install sysfsutils:

# apt install sysfsutils

Then create the file /etc/sysfs.d/ondemand.conf and place inside the following:

devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/ondemand/sampling_down_factor = 50

Note: This tweak can result in a minuscule increase to your CPU's power consumption and heat generation.

See also

About GNOME for Debian:


CategoryDesktopEnvironment | CategorySoftware