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GNU is an extensive collection of Free software, which can be used to make operating system. The use of the GNU tools with a Linux kernel has led to a family of operating systems sometimes known as GNU/Linux. Debian makes such an operating system.
GNU stands for GNU's Not Unix and was started as a project by the Free Software Foundation to make a completely Free Unix replacement. The Hurd is a free Kernel made by the GNU project, and GNU provides many of the userspace tools for use with Linux and other kernels. Many GNU tools are packaged for Debian, including gcc, emacs, bash, grub and coreutils.
Free System Distribution Guidelines (GNU FSDG)
The Free Software Foundation marks Debian as not a free distribution according to their standards.
While the FSF and Debian share a common goal of making the world a better place through improving free software, we disagree on certain details of strategy how this can be accomplished most easily.
The Debian project believes that it is better for our users to have the full use of their hardware, even if that hardware requires non-free firmware blobs, instead of forcing our users to either have to buy specific hardware that was specifically designed to not require non-free firmware blobs, or to have to disable part of their hardware in order to be able to use Debian. We believe that it is better to allow you to use our free software on the systems you already have, even if that means you may have to use non-free firmware blobs in order to be able to use part or all of your hardware.
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