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Translation: [:fr/DebianFluxBox:French] |
Some information on the Fluxbox window manager.
Translation: [:fr/DebianFluxBox:French]
?TableOfContents
Introduction
In Unix computing, Fluxbox is a fast and light ["WindowManager"] for the [:XWindowSystem:X Window System] based on Blackbox 0.61.1. and compatible with it. It has support for [:DebianKDE:KDE] and [:DebianGnome:Gnome] applications.
Unlike the heavy weights, Gnome and KDE, which take (ideally) 15-30 seconds to get up and running, Fluxbox is up and running as soon as you hit the enter key. Its menu and configuration is done by simple files located in the user's directory under the name .fluxbox.
Fluxbox has a slick tabbing mechanism for windows. You can combine multiple windows into one window with tabs across the top by simply middle-clicking the tab of one window (and holding it down) and dragging and dropping on the tab of another window. This is very nice for cleaning up a desktop without exiling applications to other virtual windows (it has those too).
Another nice feature is Fluxbox's support for docking applications. Basically, a docking app runs as sort of an icon with minature display or controls. But not like an icon, more like small controls on a walkman (for example) as opposed to a big dial face of a home stereo. It aims to be lightweight and highly customizable, with only minimal support for graphical icons, and only basic interface style capabilities. The basic interface has only a TaskBar and a menu accessible by right-clicking on the desktop. Fluxbox also supports user created keyboard shortcuts.
Fluxbox is an amazing piece of software that does not depend on any other WindowManager. It is small, fast and almost a sure thing for pleasing the eye. (Source < 500K). It can be used with DebianLive on small USB keys.
In accordance with Fluxbox's goal of simplicity, the main menu, the keyboard shortcuts and the basic configuration are all changed by editing text files. Fluxbox's themes are 100% compatible with those of blackbox. Colors, gradients, borders, and several other basic appearance attributes can be specified; recent versions of Fluxbox support rounded corners and graphical elements. Fluxbox also has several features which blackbox lacks, including TabbedWindow s, a feature familiar from PWM, and configurable titlebar.
Installation
If you do not have X installed, you need to install X first, using ["Aptitude"] or ["apt-get"]:
apt-get install x-window-system-core
After you can install fluxbox.
apt-get install fluxbox
You can use fluxbox with xdm now.
The fluxbox package contains the following tools:
- fluxbox: the Fluxbox window manager
- fbsetbg: script to setup the rootwindow's background
fbrun: small RunApplication tool
- startfluxbox: Fluxbox starter that reads session information from ~/.fluxbox/startup
Fluxbox Session
KDM and GDM
To start a Fluxbox session from ["KDM"] or ["GDM"] you can choose 'fluxbox' from the session or session-type menu.
XDM
To run Fluxbox from xdm you should setup a .xsession file in your ["home_directory"].
exec startfluxbox
Alternatively there is the possibility to use the debian alternatives (see man update-alternatives) and setup x-session-manager to be Fluxbox.
From Commandline
To run Fluxbox from the commandline login, setup the [:xinitrc:.xinitrc] file in your [:home_directory:Home directory] and insert the following line:
exec startfluxbox
Alternatively there is the possibility to use the Debian alternatives (see ["update-alternatives"]) and setup x-window-manager to be Fluxbox.
Configuration
Changing GTK themes
You can change GTK and GTK2 themes with gtk-theme-switch in fluxbox. Install gtk-theme-switch package first and move your GTK themes to ~/.themes, run gtk-theme-switch or gtk-theme-switch2 and change theme.
Keyboard Shortcuts
It is possible to set up a wide range of keyboard shortcuts for Fluxbox using the ~/.fluxbox/keys configuration (although it is possible to use another name and specify it in ~/.fluxbox/init). The key file has a rather simple and clean layout, as shown in the following example:
# fluxbox keys file Mod1 Tab :NextWindow Mod1 Shift Tab :PrevWindow Mod1 F1 :Workspace 1 Mod1 F2 :Workspace 2 Mod1 F3 :Workspace 3 Mod1 F4 :Workspace 4 Mod1 a :Maximize Mod1 h :MaximizeHorizontal Mod1 v :MaximizeVertical Mod1 q :ExecCommand aterm Mod1 d :ToggleDecor
So the general layout is:
<modifier> <key> [...] :<operation>
NOTE: The following tables are not complete!
modifier |
key on the keyboard |
Mod1 |
Alt |
Mod4 |
OS, a.k.a. Win-key |
Control |
control key |
Shift |
shift key |
keys |
key on the keyboard |
a-zA-Z0-9 |
letters and digits, case insensitive |
Escape |
the escape key |
Right|Left|Up|Down |
Arrow-keys beyond the Home/End keys |
Tab |
tabulator key |
Delete |
delete key |
operations |
action |
Workspace N |
switch to workspace N |
PrevWindow|NextWindow |
cycle to prev/next window on current workspace |
Exec|ExecCommand |
execute the following arguments |
FullScreen |
toggle fullscreen for the current window |
ToggleDecor |
toggle window decorations |
Maximize[Horizontal|Vertical] |
toggle maximize for current window |
NextTab|PrevTab |
switch between tabs |
MoveTo x y |
move the current window to coordinates (x,y) (where (0,0) is the upper left corner |
ArrangeWindows |
automatically arrange windows on current desktop |
RootMenu |
popup the rootmenu on the cursor's position |
Modifier, keys and operations are not case sensitive. It's a matter of readability in this case.
Further Information
See also ["xinitrc"], ?FluxboxMenu, FluxboxIcon, ?FluxboxBackground, ["slit"].
External links
[http://fluxbox.sourceforge.net/ Fluxbox homepage].
[http://fluxbox.sourceforge.net/themes.php Fluxbox themes]
[http://www.fluxbox.org/docbook.php Fluxbox documentation in different languages].
[http://fluxbox.org/download/propaganda/ Fluxbox logo].
[http://themes.freshmeat.net/browse/962/ Fluxbox themes on Freshmeat].