2433
Comment: remove now untrue statement
|
10386
Fixed EOL News link for Wheezy
|
Deletions are marked like this. | Additions are marked like this. |
Line 2: | Line 2: |
["FrontPage"] > Debian Releases | ~-[[DebianWiki/EditorGuide#translation|Translation(s)]]: [[de/DebianReleases|Deutsch]] - English - [[es/DebianReleases|Español]] - [[fr/DebianReleases|Français]] - [[it/DebianReleases|Italiano]] - [[ko/DebianReleases|한국어]] - [[DebianReleasesDutch|Nederlands]] - [[DebianReleasesPolish|Polski]] - [[pt_BR/DebianReleases|Brasileiro]] - [[pt_PT/DebianReleases|Portuguese (Portugal)]] - [[ru/DebianReleases|Русский]] - [[sv/DebianReleases|Svenska]] - [[zh_CN/DebianReleases|简体中文]]-~ ---- <<TableOfContents>> |
Line 4: | Line 6: |
This page is also available in : [:DebianReleasesDutch:Nederlands] ; [:DebianReleasesPolish:Polski] ##[:DebianReleases:Español] - [:XXX:Dansk] - [:XXX:Français]. ---- |
{{{#!wiki debian [[https://www.debian.org/releases]] - Official information about Debian releases }}} |
Line 8: | Line 10: |
Debian is released on a regular basis. During development of a release, there are a set of development releases that always exist. These are ''stable'' (the current release), ''testing'', the next release which is currently in development, and ''unstable'', the release which is constantly updated and in active development. Only ''stable'' is recommended for production use. | == Introduction == Debian is under continual development. The latest release is Debian <<DebianVersion(stable)>>. It is also (currently) known as '''[[DebianStable|stable]]''' or by its codename "[[DebianStretch|Stretch]]". |
Line 10: | Line 13: |
== Current Releases == * [:DebianOldStable:oldstable] - The previous stable release (3.1) ([:DebianSarge:sarge]) * [:DebianStable:stable] - The current stable release (4.0) ([:DebianEtch:etch]) * [:DebianTesting:testing] - The next generation release ([:DebianLenny:lenny]) * [:DebianUnstable:unstable] - The unstable development release ([:DebianSid:sid]) (new packages are introduced here too) * [:DebianExperimental:experimental] - Not really a release, but where new packages are introduced |
Each version also corresponds to a set of named software repositories (at least one per CPU architecture). At any given time, there is one stable release of Debian, which has the support of the [[Teams/Security|Debian security team]]. When a new stable version is released, the security team will usually cover the previous version [[https://www.debian.org/security/faq#lifespan|for a year or so]], while they also cover the new/current version. Only stable is recommended for production use. There are also two main development repositories '''[[DebianUnstable|unstable]]''' and '''[[DebianTesting|testing]]''' which are continually updated during the development of the next stable release. The latest packages arrive in unstable (which always has the codename "Sid"). Packages are automatically copied from unstable to testing when they meet criteria such as lack of [[https://www.debian.org/Bugs/Developer#severities|release-critical bugs]], and dependencies being satisfied by other packages in testing. == Choosing == End users should generally choose to run either stable or testing. Stable is recommended for applications requiring production-level stability and security (servers, firewalls etc) and is also recommended for those who are new to Linux. Testing is recommended for slightly more advanced users who want newer software on their desktops and who are capable of [[reportbug|reporting]] and fixing bugs to help Debian. [[https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/ch-choosing|Choosing a debian distribution]] discusses the pros and cons of choosing one Debian distribution over another. And the [[DebianSoftware|overview of software for Debian Stable]] describes common ways Debian stable is enhanced with newer software or otherwise given extended capabilities. [[https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/ch-ftparchives|The Debian FTP archives]] chapter of the [[https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/|Debian FAQ]] has even more information . == Current Releases/Repositories == * [[DebianOldStable|oldstable]] - The previous stable release ([[DebianJessie|Jessie]]). * [[DebianStable|stable]] - The current stable release ([[DebianStretch|Stretch]]). * [[DebianTesting|testing]] - The next generation release ([[DebianBuster|Buster]]). * [[DebianUnstable|unstable]] - The unstable development release ([[DebianSid|Sid]]), where new or updated packages are introduced. Also: * [[DebianExperimental|experimental]] - Not really a release ([[#Codenames|RC-Buggy]]), but a repository where packages are tested (experimented) if they are not suited for unstable. * [[Backports|backport]] - Not a release, but a repository for updated packages for {{{stable}}}. |
Line 18: | Line 39: |
note: [:DebianReleases/PointReleases:Point releases] (like 4.0r0 and 4.0r1) are detailed in each distribution's page. * Debian GNU/Linux 4.0 (‘[:DebianEtch:etch]’) -- Released April 8th 2007 * Debian GNU/Linux 3.1 (‘[:DebianSarge:sarge]’) -- Released June 6th 2005 * Debian GNU/Linux 3.0 (‘[:DebianWoody:woody]’) -- Released July 19th 2002 * Debian GNU/Linux 2.2 (‘[:DebianPotato:potato]’) -- Released August 14th 2000 * Debian GNU/Linux 2.1 (‘[:DebianSlink:slink]’) -- Released March 1999 * Debian GNU/Linux 2.0 (‘[:DebianHamm:hamm]’) -- Released July 1998 * Debian GNU/Linux 1.3 (‘[:DebianBo:bo]’) -- Released July 1997 * Debian GNU/Linux 1.2 (‘[:DebianRex:rex]’) -- Released December 1996 * Debian GNU/Linux 1.1 (‘[:DebianBuzz:buzz]’) -- June 1996 * Debian GNU/Linux 0.93R6 -- Released November 1995 * Debian GNU/Linux 0.93R5 -- Released March 1995 * Debian GNU/Linux 0.91 -- January 1994 |
|| '''Version''' || '''Code name''' || '''Release date''' || '''End of life date''' || || 12 || [[DebianBookworm|Bookworm]] || || || || 11 || [[DebianBullseye|Bullseye]] || || || || 10 || [[DebianBuster|Buster]] || || || || 9 || [[DebianStretch|Stretch]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2017/20170617|June 17th 2017]] || approx. 2020 (full) / approx. 2022 (LTS) || || 8 || [[DebianJessie|Jessie]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2015/20150426|April 25th 2015]] || [[https://www.debian.org/security/faq#lifespan|~June 6th 2018]] (full) / [[LTS|~June 6th 2020]] (LTS) || || 7 || [[DebianWheezy|Wheezy]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504|May 4th 2013]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2018/20180601|April 26th 2016 (full) / May 2018 (LTS)]] || || 6.0 || [[DebianSqueeze|Squeeze]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2011/20110205a|February 6th 2011]] || [[https://www.debian.org/security/2014/dsa-2907|May 31st 2014]] (full) / [[https://www.debian.org/News/2014/20140424.html|February 29th 2016]] (LTS) || || 5.0 || [[DebianLenny|Lenny]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214|February 14th 2009]] || [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/2011/msg00238.html|February 6th 2012]] || || 4.0 || [[DebianEtch|Etch]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2007/20070408|Apr 8th 2007]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2010/20100121|February 15th 2010]] || || 3.1 || [[DebianSarge|Sarge]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2005/20050606|June 6th 2005]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2008/20080229|March 31st 2008]] || || 3.0 || [[DebianWoody|Woody]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2002/20020719|July 19th 2002]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2006/20060601|June 30th 2006]] || || 2.2 || [[DebianPotato|Potato]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2000/20000815|August 15th 2000]] || June 30th 2003 || || 2.1 || [[DebianSlink|Slink]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/1999/19990309|March 9th 1999]] || [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/2000/msg00043.html|September 30th 2000 (full) / October 30th 2000 (limited)]] || || 2.0 || [[DebianHamm|Hamm]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/1998/19980724|July 24th 1998]] || - || || 1.3 || [[DebianBo|Bo]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/1997/19970602|July 2nd 1997]] || - || || 1.2 || [[DebianRex|Rex]] || [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/1996/msg00026.html|December 12th 1996]] || - || || 1.1 || [[DebianBuzz|Buzz]] || [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/1996/msg00021.html|June 17th 1996]] || - || || 0.93R6 || || [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/1995/msg00007.html|October 26 1995]] || - || || 0.93R5 || || [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/1995/msg00004.html|March 1995]] || - || || 0.91 || || January 1994 || - || |
Line 32: | Line 61: |
The official information about Debian releases is on the Debian web site (http://www.debian.org/releases/). | Note: the [[DebianReleases/PointReleases|point releases]] (like 7.1 and 7.2) are detailed in each distribution's page. |
Line 34: | Line 63: |
== Time Between Releases == | See also [[DebianHistory|Debian History]]. |
Line 36: | Line 65: |
{{{ Time between Debian releases 1.2 178 days 1.3 175 days 2.0 413 days 2.1 229 days 2.2 525 days 3.0 703 days 3.1 1083 days 4.0 671 days |
== Release statistics == || ''' Version''' || '''Code name''' || '''Freeze length''' || '''Time from previous release''' || '''Time from next release up to EOL''' || '''Total lifetime''' || || 1.2 || [[DebianRex|Rex]] || || 178 days || || 1.3 || [[DebianBo|Bo]] || || 175 days || || 2.0 || [[DebianHamm|Hamm]] ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 171 days || 414 days || || 2.1 || [[DebianSlink|Slink]] || 125 days || 228 days || 76 days || 601 days || || 2.2 || [[DebianPotato|Potato]] ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 212 days || 525 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 346 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 1049 days || || 3.0 || [[DebianWoody|Woody]] || 383 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 703 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 389 days || 1442 days || || 3.1 || [[DebianSarge|Sarge]] || 34 days || 1053 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 357 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 1028 days || || 4.0 || [[DebianEtch|Etch]] ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 258 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 671 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 366 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 1044 days || || 5.0 || [[DebianLenny|Lenny]]||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 202 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 678 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 365 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 1087 days || || 6.0 || [[DebianSqueeze|Squeeze]] ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 184 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 722 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 391 days || || 7.0 || [[DebianWheezy|Wheezy]] || 308 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 818 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 367 days || || 8.0 || [[DebianJessie|Jessie]] ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 171 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 721 days || || 9.0 || [[DebianStretch|Stretch]] ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 224 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc;"> 784 days || In the above array, data closely following "current" releasing tendencies have been highlighted in green. What can be deduced from those data is that the "most-typical" Debian release: * endures a '''''freeze cycle of 7 +/- 1 months''''' before getting released. * is '''''released about 2 years after the previous one''''' (the often cited example of Debian Sarge being quite an exceptional event in Debian history). * leaves users '''''about 1 year to upgrade to the next one''''' once this latter itself gets released. * has (from release to the end of security updates) a '''''total lifetime of about 3 years'''''. {{http://debian.semistable.com/releases.gif}} == Workflow == Here's a diagram describing how packages flow between archives: {{attachment:package-cycle.svg}} {{{#!wiki tip The above graphic is generated from a [[https://salsa.debian.org/debian/package-cycle/blob/master/package-cycle.dot|dot file]] in the [[https://salsa.debian.org/debian/package-cycle|package-cycle git repository]]. |
Line 48: | Line 101: |
http://debian.semistable.com/releases.gif | See also [[DebianDak#Design|the various software powering that archive]]. == Codenames == Releases of the Debian distribution have both traditional version numbers and codenames based on characters from the Pixar/Disney movie "Toy Story" (1995). Sid, as you may recall, was the evil neighbor kid who broke all the toys. Additionally, the codename for the Experimental repository, RC-Buggy, was Andy's toy car, and is a pun on 'Release Critical' and 'Remote Control.' == See also == DebianStability - Changing from one release version to another. ---- CategoryQuickIntroduction |
Translation(s): Deutsch - English - Español - Français - Italiano - 한국어 - Nederlands - ?Polski - Brasileiro - Portuguese (Portugal) - Русский - Svenska - 简体中文
Contents
https://www.debian.org/releases - Official information about Debian releases
Introduction
Debian is under continual development. The latest release is Debian 12.5. It is also (currently) known as stable or by its codename "Stretch".
Each version also corresponds to a set of named software repositories (at least one per CPU architecture).
At any given time, there is one stable release of Debian, which has the support of the Debian security team. When a new stable version is released, the security team will usually cover the previous version for a year or so, while they also cover the new/current version. Only stable is recommended for production use.
There are also two main development repositories unstable and testing which are continually updated during the development of the next stable release. The latest packages arrive in unstable (which always has the codename "Sid"). Packages are automatically copied from unstable to testing when they meet criteria such as lack of release-critical bugs, and dependencies being satisfied by other packages in testing.
Choosing
End users should generally choose to run either stable or testing. Stable is recommended for applications requiring production-level stability and security (servers, firewalls etc) and is also recommended for those who are new to Linux. Testing is recommended for slightly more advanced users who want newer software on their desktops and who are capable of reporting and fixing bugs to help Debian.
Choosing a debian distribution discusses the pros and cons of choosing one Debian distribution over another. And the overview of software for Debian Stable describes common ways Debian stable is enhanced with newer software or otherwise given extended capabilities.
The Debian FTP archives chapter of the Debian FAQ has even more information .
Current Releases/Repositories
Also:
experimental - Not really a release (RC-Buggy), but a repository where packages are tested (experimented) if they are not suited for unstable.
backport - Not a release, but a repository for updated packages for stable.
Production Releases
Version |
Code name |
Release date |
End of life date |
12 |
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
9 |
approx. 2020 (full) / approx. 2022 (LTS) |
||
8 |
~June 6th 2018 (full) / ~June 6th 2020 (LTS) |
||
7 |
|||
6.0 |
May 31st 2014 (full) / February 29th 2016 (LTS) |
||
5.0 |
|||
4.0 |
|||
3.1 |
|||
3.0 |
|||
2.2 |
June 30th 2003 |
||
2.1 |
|||
2.0 |
- |
||
1.3 |
- |
||
1.2 |
- |
||
1.1 |
- |
||
0.93R6 |
|
- |
|
0.93R5 |
|
- |
|
0.91 |
|
January 1994 |
- |
Note: the point releases (like 7.1 and 7.2) are detailed in each distribution's page.
See also Debian History.
Release statistics
Version |
Code name |
Freeze length |
Time from previous release |
Time from next release up to EOL |
Total lifetime |
1.2 |
|
178 days |
|||
1.3 |
|
175 days |
|||
2.0 |
171 days |
414 days |
|||
2.1 |
125 days |
228 days |
76 days |
601 days |
|
2.2 |
212 days |
525 days |
346 days |
1049 days |
|
3.0 |
383 days |
703 days |
389 days |
1442 days |
|
3.1 |
34 days |
1053 days |
357 days |
1028 days |
|
4.0 |
258 days |
671 days |
366 days |
1044 days |
|
5.0 |
202 days |
678 days |
365 days |
1087 days |
|
6.0 |
184 days |
722 days |
391 days |
||
7.0 |
308 days |
818 days |
367 days |
||
8.0 |
171 days |
721 days |
|||
9.0 |
224 days |
784 days |
In the above array, data closely following "current" releasing tendencies have been highlighted in green. What can be deduced from those data is that the "most-typical" Debian release:
endures a freeze cycle of 7 +/- 1 months before getting released.
is released about 2 years after the previous one (the often cited example of Debian Sarge being quite an exceptional event in Debian history).
leaves users about 1 year to upgrade to the next one once this latter itself gets released.
has (from release to the end of security updates) a total lifetime of about 3 years.
Workflow
Here's a diagram describing how packages flow between archives:
The above graphic is generated from a dot file in the package-cycle git repository.
See also the various software powering that archive.
Codenames
Releases of the Debian distribution have both traditional version numbers and codenames based on characters from the Pixar/Disney movie "Toy Story" (1995). Sid, as you may recall, was the evil neighbor kid who broke all the toys. Additionally, the codename for the Experimental repository, RC-Buggy, was Andy's toy car, and is a pun on 'Release Critical' and 'Remote Control.'
See also
DebianStability - Changing from one release version to another.