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## Auto-converted by kwiki2moinmoin v2005-10-07 The different versions of Debian has codenames taken from the computer animated movie ToyStory. At the present the following versions are widely used: |
#language en ~-[[DebianWiki/EditorGuide#translation|Translation(s)]]: English - [[es/DebianReleases|Español]] - [[fr/DebianReleases|Français]] - [[it/DebianReleases|Italiano]] - [[ko/DebianReleases|한국어]] - [[DebianReleasesDutch|Nederlands]] - [[DebianReleasesPolish|Polski]] - [[pt_BR/DebianReleases|Brasileiro]] - [[ru/DebianReleases|Русский]] - [[sv/DebianReleases|Svenska]] - [[zh_CN/DebianReleases|简体中文]]-~ ---- <<TableOfContents>> |
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* DebianPotato - the previous official released version of Debian. Released as stable August 15th 2000. * DebianWoody (a.k.a DebianStable or Debian 3.0) the present official released version of Debian. Released as stable on July 19th 2002. * DebianSarge (a.k.a DebianTesting) the developing version, somewhat tested and not on the bleeding edge. * DebianSid (a.k.a DebianUnstable) the real bleeding edge development version. |
{{{#!wiki debian [[https://www.debian.org/releases]] - Official information about Debian releases }}} |
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=== What to use === To choose which release might suit your requirements best read http://people.debian.org/~osamu/newbie.html#best [http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2003/debian-devel-200301/msg01753.html addendum] |
== Introduction == Debian is under continual development. The latest release is Debian <<DebianVersion(stable)>>. It is also (currently) known as '''[[DebianStable|stable]]''' or by its codename "[[DebianJessie|Jessie]]". |
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=== Point releases === There are also point releases, which are updates to the stable releases. For the most part, these just add security updates. Debian 2.2r7 was released on July 13th 2002. |
Each version also corresponds to a set of named software repositories (at least one per CPU architecture). |
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Older releases include | At any given time, there is one stable release of Debian, which has the support of the [[Teams/Security|Debian security team]]. When a new stable version is released, the security team will usually cover the previous version [[https://www.debian.org/security/faq#lifespan|for a year or so]], while they also cover the new/current version. Only stable is recommended for production use. |
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* Unnamed - v0.91 - January 1994 * Unnamed - v0.93R5 - March 1995 * Unnamed - v0.93R6 - November 1995 * DebianBuzz - v1.1 - June 1996 * DebianRex - v1.2 - December 1996 * DebianBo - v1.3 - July 1997 * DebianHamm - v2.0 - July 1998 * DebianSlink - v2.1 - March 1999 |
There are also two main development repositories '''[[DebianUnstable|unstable]]''' and '''[[DebianTesting|testing]]''' which are continually updated during the development of the next stable release. The latest packages arrive in unstable (which always has the codename "Sid"). Packages are automatically copied from unstable to testing when they meet criteria such as lack of [[https://www.debian.org/Bugs/Developer#severities|release-critical bugs]], and dependencies being satisfied by other packages in testing. |
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(Did I forgot a version - add it. If you know some highlights of the versions please add.) | == Choosing == End users should generally choose to run either stable or testing. Stable is recommended for applications requiring production-level stability and security (servers, firewalls etc) and is also recommended for those who are new to Linux. Testing is recommended for slightly more advanced users who want newer software on their desktops and who are capable of [[reportbug|reporting]] and fixing bugs to help Debian. [[https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/ch-choosing|Choosing a debian distribution]] discusses the pros and cons of choosing one Debian distribution over another. And the [[DebianSoftware|overview of software for Debian Stable]] describes common ways Debian stable is enhanced with newer software or otherwise given extended capabilities. [[https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/ch-ftparchives|The Debian FTP archives]] chapter of the [[https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/|Debian FAQ]] has even more information . == Current Releases/Repositories == * [[DebianOldStable|oldstable]] - The previous stable release ([[DebianWheezy|Wheezy]]). * [[DebianStable|stable]] - The current stable release ([[DebianJessie|Jessie]]). * [[DebianTesting|testing]] - The next generation release ([[DebianStretch|Stretch]]). * [[DebianUnstable|unstable]] - The unstable development release ([[DebianSid|Sid]]), where new or updated packages are introduced. Also: * [[DebianExperimental|experimental]] - Not really a release, but a repository where packages are tested (experimented) if they are not suited for unstable. * [[Backports|backport]] - Not a release, but a repository for updated packages for {{{stable}}}. == Production Releases == || '''Version''' || '''Code name''' || '''Release date''' || '''End of life date''' || || || [[DebianBullseye|Bullseye]] || || || || || [[DebianBuster|Buster]] || || || || || [[DebianStretch|Stretch]] || || || || 8.0 || [[DebianJessie|Jessie]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2015/20150426|April 25th 2015]] || [[https://www.debian.org/security/faq#lifespan|~June 6th 2018]] (full) / [[LTS|~June 6th 2020]] (LTS) || || 7.0 || [[DebianWheezy|Wheezy]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504|May 4th 2013]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2016/20160212|April 26th 2016 (full) / May 2018 (LTS)]] || || 6.0 || [[DebianSqueeze|Squeeze]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2011/20110205a|February 6th 2011]] || [[https://www.debian.org/security/2014/dsa-2907|May 31st 2014]] (full) / [[https://www.debian.org/News/2014/20140424.html|February 29th 2016]] (LTS) || || 5.0 || [[DebianLenny|Lenny]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214|February 14th 2009]] || [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/2011/msg00238.html|February 6th 2012]] || || 4.0 || [[DebianEtch|Etch]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2007/20070408|Apr 8th 2007]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2010/20100121|February 15th 2010]] || || 3.1 || [[DebianSarge|Sarge]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2005/20050606|June 6th 2005]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2008/20080229|March 31st 2008]] || || 3.0 || [[DebianWoody|Woody]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2002/20020719|July 19th 2002]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2006/20060601|June 30th 2006]] || || 2.2 || [[DebianPotato|Potato]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/2000/20000815|August 15th 2000]] || June 30th 2003 || || 2.1 || [[DebianSlink|Slink]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/1999/19990309|March 9th 1999]] || [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/2000/msg00043.html|September 30th 2000 (full) / October 30th 2000 (limited)]] || || 2.0 || [[DebianHamm|Hamm]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/1998/19980724|July 24th 1998]] || - || || 1.3 || [[DebianBo|Bo]] || [[https://www.debian.org/News/1997/19970602|July 2nd 1997]] || - || || 1.2 || [[DebianRex|Rex]] || [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/1996/msg00026.html|December 12th 1996]] || - || || 1.1 || [[DebianBuzz|Buzz]] || [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/1996/msg00021.html|June 17th 1996]] || - || || 0.93R6 || || [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/1995/msg00007.html|October 26 1995]] || - || || 0.93R5 || || [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/1995/msg00004.html|March 1995]] || - || || 0.91 || || January 1994 || - || Note: the [[DebianReleases/PointReleases|point releases]] (like 7.1 and 7.2) are detailed in each distribution's page. See also [[DebianHistory|Debian History]]. == Release statistics == ||<style="background-color:#dddddd"> Version ||<style="background-color:#dddddd"> Code name ||<style="background-color:#dddddd"> Freeze length ||<style="background-color:#dddddd"> Time from previous release ||<style="background-color:#dddddd"> Time from next release up to EOL ||<style="background-color:#dddddd"> Total lifetime || || 1.2 || [[DebianRex|Rex]] || || 178 days || || 1.3 || [[DebianBo|Bo]] || || 175 days || || 2.0 || [[DebianHamm|Hamm]] ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 171 days || 414 days || || 2.1 || [[DebianSlink|Slink]] || 125 days || 228 days || 76 days || 601 days || || 2.2 || [[DebianPotato|Potato]] ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 212 days || 525 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 346 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 1049 days || || 3.0 || [[DebianWoody|Woody]] || 383 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 703 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 389 days || 1442 days || || 3.1 || [[DebianSarge|Sarge]] || 34 days || 1053 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 357 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 1028 days || || 4.0 || [[DebianEtch|Etch]] ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 258 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 671 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 366 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 1044 days || || 5.0 || [[DebianLenny|Lenny]]||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 202 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 678 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 365 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 1087 days || || 6.0 || [[DebianSqueeze|Squeeze]] ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 184 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 722 days || || 7.0 || [[DebianWheezy|Wheezy]] || 308 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 818 days || || 8.0 || [[DebianJessie|Jessie]] ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 171 days ||<style="background-color:#ccffcc"> 721 days || In the above array, data closely following "current" releasing tendencies have been highlighted in green. What can be deduced from those data is that the "most-typical" Debian release: * endures a '''''freeze cycle of 7 +/- 1 months''''' before getting released. * is '''''released about 2 years after the previous one''''' (the often cited example of Debian Sarge being quite an exceptional event in Debian history). * leaves users '''''about 1 year to upgrade to the next one''''' once this latter itself gets released. * has (from release to the end of security updates) a '''''total lifetime of about 3 years'''''. {{http://debian.semistable.com/releases.gif}} == Workflow == Here's a diagram describing how packages flow between archives: {{attachment:package-cycle.svg}} {{{#!wiki tip The above graphic is generated from a [[https://anonscm.debian.org/git/collab-maint/package-cycle.git/tree/package-cycle.dot|dot file]] which is maintained in CollabMaint: https://anonscm.debian.org/git/collab-maint/package-cycle.git }}} == Codenames == Releases of the Debian distribution have both traditional version numbers and codenames based on characters from the Pixar/Disney movie "Toy Story" (1995). Sid, as you may recall, was the evil neighbor kid who broke all the toys. == See also == DebianStability - Changing from one release version to another. ---- CategoryQuickIntroduction |
Translation(s): English - Español - Français - Italiano - 한국어 - Nederlands - ?Polski - Brasileiro - Русский - Svenska - 简体中文
Contents
https://www.debian.org/releases - Official information about Debian releases
Introduction
Debian is under continual development. The latest release is Debian 12.5. It is also (currently) known as stable or by its codename "Jessie".
Each version also corresponds to a set of named software repositories (at least one per CPU architecture).
At any given time, there is one stable release of Debian, which has the support of the Debian security team. When a new stable version is released, the security team will usually cover the previous version for a year or so, while they also cover the new/current version. Only stable is recommended for production use.
There are also two main development repositories unstable and testing which are continually updated during the development of the next stable release. The latest packages arrive in unstable (which always has the codename "Sid"). Packages are automatically copied from unstable to testing when they meet criteria such as lack of release-critical bugs, and dependencies being satisfied by other packages in testing.
Choosing
End users should generally choose to run either stable or testing. Stable is recommended for applications requiring production-level stability and security (servers, firewalls etc) and is also recommended for those who are new to Linux. Testing is recommended for slightly more advanced users who want newer software on their desktops and who are capable of reporting and fixing bugs to help Debian.
Choosing a debian distribution discusses the pros and cons of choosing one Debian distribution over another. And the overview of software for Debian Stable describes common ways Debian stable is enhanced with newer software or otherwise given extended capabilities.
The Debian FTP archives chapter of the Debian FAQ has even more information .
Current Releases/Repositories
Also:
experimental - Not really a release, but a repository where packages are tested (experimented) if they are not suited for unstable.
backport - Not a release, but a repository for updated packages for stable.
Production Releases
Version |
Code name |
Release date |
End of life date |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.0 |
~June 6th 2018 (full) / ~June 6th 2020 (LTS) |
||
7.0 |
|||
6.0 |
May 31st 2014 (full) / February 29th 2016 (LTS) |
||
5.0 |
|||
4.0 |
|||
3.1 |
|||
3.0 |
|||
2.2 |
June 30th 2003 |
||
2.1 |
|||
2.0 |
- |
||
1.3 |
- |
||
1.2 |
- |
||
1.1 |
- |
||
0.93R6 |
|
- |
|
0.93R5 |
|
- |
|
0.91 |
|
January 1994 |
- |
Note: the point releases (like 7.1 and 7.2) are detailed in each distribution's page.
See also Debian History.
Release statistics
Version |
Code name |
Freeze length |
Time from previous release |
Time from next release up to EOL |
Total lifetime |
1.2 |
|
178 days |
|||
1.3 |
|
175 days |
|||
2.0 |
171 days |
414 days |
|||
2.1 |
125 days |
228 days |
76 days |
601 days |
|
2.2 |
212 days |
525 days |
346 days |
1049 days |
|
3.0 |
383 days |
703 days |
389 days |
1442 days |
|
3.1 |
34 days |
1053 days |
357 days |
1028 days |
|
4.0 |
258 days |
671 days |
366 days |
1044 days |
|
5.0 |
202 days |
678 days |
365 days |
1087 days |
|
6.0 |
184 days |
722 days |
|||
7.0 |
308 days |
818 days |
|||
8.0 |
171 days |
721 days |
In the above array, data closely following "current" releasing tendencies have been highlighted in green. What can be deduced from those data is that the "most-typical" Debian release:
endures a freeze cycle of 7 +/- 1 months before getting released.
is released about 2 years after the previous one (the often cited example of Debian Sarge being quite an exceptional event in Debian history).
leaves users about 1 year to upgrade to the next one once this latter itself gets released.
has (from release to the end of security updates) a total lifetime of about 3 years.
Workflow
Here's a diagram describing how packages flow between archives:
The above graphic is generated from a dot file which is maintained in ?CollabMaint:
https://anonscm.debian.org/git/collab-maint/package-cycle.git
Codenames
Releases of the Debian distribution have both traditional version numbers and codenames based on characters from the Pixar/Disney movie "Toy Story" (1995). Sid, as you may recall, was the evil neighbor kid who broke all the toys.
See also
DebianStability - Changing from one release version to another.