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=== Font types ===
 * [http://wiki.debian.org/Fonts/Defoma Defoma and Debian font system]

=== Basic fonts ===
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 * bitmap fonts
 * outline/stroke fonts
 * bitmap fonts (good for low resolution rasterization)
 * outline/stroke fonts (good for high resolution rasterization)
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|| Table of corresponding PostScript Type 1 fonts. || 1 || 2 || 3 || || || Table of corresponding [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostScript PostScript] Type 1 fonts. || 1 || 2 || 3 || ||
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|| gsfonts-x11 || || || Nimbus Sans L || Nimbus Roman No9 L || Nimbus Mono L || [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URW URW] (Adobe compatible size) || || gsfonts || || || Nimbus Sans L || Nimbus Roman No9 L || Nimbus Mono L || [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URW URW] (Adobe compatible size) ||
|| gsfonts-x11 || || || Nimbus Sans L || Nimbus Roman No9 L || Nimbus Mono L || X font support with PostScript Type 1 fonts. ||
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|| Table of corresponding TrueType fonts. || 1 || 2 || 3 || || || Table of corresponding [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueType TrueType] fonts. || 1 || 2 || 3 || ||
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All these fonts are equally supported for displaying and printing using libfreetype6, libxft2, ghostscript and fontconfig packages. === CJK fonts ===

|| Table of typical CJK font types ||
|| '''Type''' || '''Japanese''' || '''Chinese''' || '''Korea''' ||
|| sans-serif || gothic, ゴチック || hei, gothic || dodum, gulim, gothic ||
|| serif || mincho, 明朝 || song, ming || batang ||

Usually, font name with "P" is proportional fonts.

Double width: e.g., in Shift_JIS code table comprises 7070 characters:
 * JIS X 0201 single-byte characters (191 characters),
 * JIS X 0208 double-byte characters (6879 characters).
double-byte characters occupy double width on console terminals.

In order to cope with special needs of CJK, there are some special fonts and suporting files.

For fixed fonts covering single-byte and double-byte characters, [http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/packages/ccic/software/info/HBF-1.1/ Hanzi Bitmap Font (HBF) File] with file extension "{{{.hbf}}}" is used.

In order to save space for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueType TrueType] font files, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueType TrueType] font collection file is used.

I order to cover complicated code space of characters, CID keyed Type 1 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostScript PostScript] font is used with CMap files starting themselves with "{{{%!PS-Adobe-3.0 Resource-CMap}}}".

=== Font configuration and rendering ===

All these fonts described above (@{@@}@, @{@@}@ are equally supported for displaying and printing using libfreetype6, libxft2, ghostscript and fontconfig packages.

For both printing via "{{{ghostscript}}}" and displaying on X server "{{{libxft2}}}", all basic fonts described above (@{@@}@, @{@@}@) are supported on the Debian system.

|| Table of packages to support displaying and printing of fonts. || 1 || 2 || 3 || ||
|| '''package''' || '''popcon''' || '''size''' || '''description''' ||
|| libfreetype6 || || || FreeType 2 font engine, shared library files ||
|| fontconfig || || || generic font configuration library - support binaries ||
|| fontconfig-config || || || generic font configuration library - configuration ||
|| defoma || || || Debian Font Manager -- automatic font configuration framework ||
|| ghostscript || || || The GPL Ghostscript PostScript/PDF interpreter ||
|| ghostscript-x || || || The GPL Ghostscript PostScript/PDF interpreter - X Display support ||
|| libxft2 || || || FreeType-based font drawing library for X ||
|| x-ttcidfont-conf || || || TrueType and CID fonts configuration for X ||
|| libpoppler3 || || || PDF rendering library ||
|| poppler-data || || || Encoding data for the poppler PDF rendering library ||
|| cmap-adobe-cns1 || || || CMaps for Adobe-CNS1 (for Traditional-Chinese) ||
|| cmap-adobe-gb1 || || || CMaps for Adobe-GB1 (for Simplified-Chinese) ||
|| cmap-adobe-japan1 || || || CMaps for Adobe-Japan1 (for Japanese, standard) ||
|| cmap-adobe-japan2 || || || CMaps for Adobe-Japan2 (for Japanese, extra) ||
|| cmap-adobe-korea1 || || || CMaps for Adobe-Korea1 (for Korean) ||

Font path
 * "{{{xset q}}}" X font path
 * "{{{ghostscript -h}}}" gohstscript font path

Do not use Edit(GUI) button.

?TableOfContents(4)

Copyright 2007, 2008 Osamu Aoki GPL, (Please agree to GPL, GPL2, and any version of GPL which is compatible with DSFG if you update any part of wiki page)

Guide for contributing to Debian Reference

Debian Reference upstream source is http://wiki.debian.org/DebianReference .

Rules

Here are the rules.

  • Do not use Edit(GUI) button of MoinMoin.

  • You can update anytime for:
    • grammar errors
    • spelling errors
    • moved URL location
    • package name transition adjustment (emacs23 etc.)
    • clearly broken script.
  • Before updating real contents:
    • You have to discuss it on debian-doc@lists.debian.org (1 week wait for response please)

    • You have to read the whole document to avoid duplication.
    • Follow the existing style.
    • Make sure you are reachable via e-mail.
    • Think twice before doing anything.
    • Do your own research on the latest Debian system by experimenting.
    • Make contents as generic suitable for slow content update cycle (including future translation work).
    • It is usually good to place only the pointer to the original information.
    • Even if new contents are required, please shorten the description to half its original draft length.
    • Make alternative page proposals as wiki and post message to debian-doc@lists.debian.org

I use this moinmoin platform for its ability for table and XML export.

This wiki will be post-processed by XSLT/XML tools and should be written accordingly:

  • The content in the index section at the top of each wiki page will be dropped when converted to XML.
  • @ { @ tag @ } @ (without spaces between @s) markup on wiki pages is converted to an internal link.

  • Do not use overly fancy wiki features not supported by XML conversion backend, available from the git repo. (Your help to remove fancy features in moinmoin is welcome.)
    • Do not make a complicated table with connected cells spanning rows or columns.
    • Do not use FootNote nor face marks such as :) for :) .

  • Follow the wiki style:
  • The codenames are always in the lower case (sid, etch, lenny, ...)
    • Indent only for * and 1. -started lines, one space per level of nesting.

    • Do not indent lines started with : ||,  { { { (without spaces).

    • Some graphic marks such as /!\ for /!\ are converted to marking for para. (See test page.)

      • Do not indent for lines started with these graphic marks.
  • Wiki table markup is processed in special ways:
    • The first line of a table is used as: <title> [, package column, popcon column].

    • popcon and package sizes are autogenerated by a script if specified in the first line. (Values in wiki are ignored)
    • The second line of a table is used as: <thead>.

  • @ @ @tag@ @ @ (without spaces between @s) in wiki are converted to &tag; in XML.

    • The final tag contents in HTML is determined by the HTML generation script.
  • All internal wiki links will be removed when converted to XML.
  • For the same text with URL link, external URL link should match if it repeats.
    • one word reference should chose mostly wikipedia
    • No % or & usage in URL address reference until I fix moin2urls.xsl.

  • Try to keep contents in

 ... commands examples ...
  • language neutral so translation will not affect them.
  • Do not bloat this document.
    • It is already getting too big for me (osamu) to maintain .
    • If you want to make an XML document for a particular topic from the wiki, please use the code I use and start a new document. (GPL).

This ensures (eventually) clean conversion to DocBook XML and makes my work easy. :-)


If funny things happen, look for single quote repeats, etc. in wiki source.

Code sections marked as "{ { { \n } } }" without using spaces will cause XML export errors; thus, always use spaces around \n.

List export has <para> markup bugs; after conversion, review and correct them, please.


This Wiki page to Docbook conversion examples step-by-step:

Hints for tools to help updating this document

Interesting info found by googling

Fonts on the Debian system

This is based on system just around lenny release.

Here is a list of references for fonts on the Debian system.

Basic fonts

There are 2 major types of computer fonts:

  • bitmap fonts (good for low resolution rasterization)
  • outline/stroke fonts (good for high resolution rasterization)

While scaling of bitmap fonts causes jugged image, scaling of outline/stroke fonts produces smooth image.

Bitmap fonts on the Debian system are provided by [http://fontforge.sourceforge.net/pcf-format.html X11 pcf bitmap font files] having their file extension ".pcf".

Outline fonts on the Debian system are provided by:

Table of corresponding [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostScript ?PostScript] Type 1 fonts.

1

2

3

font source

popcon

size

sans-serif

serif

monospace

source

?PostScript

Helvetica

Times

Courier

Adobe

gsfonts

Nimbus Sans L

Nimbus Roman No9 L

Nimbus Mono L

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URW URW] (Adobe compatible size)

gsfonts-x11

Nimbus Sans L

Nimbus Roman No9 L

Nimbus Mono L

X font support with ?PostScript Type 1 fonts.

t1-cyrillic

Free Helvetian

Free Times

Free Courier

URW extended (Adobe compatible size)

Table of corresponding [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueType TrueType] fonts.

1

2

3

font source

popcon

size

sans-serif

serif

monospace

source

ttf-mscorefonts-installer

Arial

Times New Roman

Courier New

Microsoft (Adobe compatible size)

ttf-liberation

Liberation Sans

Liberation Serif

Liberation Mono

RedHat (Microsoft compatible size)

ttf-freefont

?FreeSans

?FreeSerif

?FreeMono

[http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/freefont/ GNU] (Microsoft compatible size)

ttf-bitstream-vera

Bitstream Vera Sans

Bitstream Vera Serif

Bitstream Vera Sans Mono

[http://www.gnome.org/fonts/ Bitstream, Inc.]

ttf-dejavu

?DejaVu Sans

?DejaVu Serif

?DejaVu Sans Mono

[http://dejavu.sourceforge.net/], Bitstream extended

ttf-unifont

N/A

N/A

unifont

[http://Unifoundry.com], GNU Unifont

CJK fonts

Table of typical CJK font types

Type

Japanese

Chinese

Korea

sans-serif

gothic, ゴチック

hei, gothic

dodum, gulim, gothic

serif

mincho, 明朝

song, ming

batang

Usually, font name with "P" is proportional fonts.

Double width: e.g., in Shift_JIS code table comprises 7070 characters:

  • JIS X 0201 single-byte characters (191 characters),
  • JIS X 0208 double-byte characters (6879 characters).

double-byte characters occupy double width on console terminals.

In order to cope with special needs of CJK, there are some special fonts and suporting files.

For fixed fonts covering single-byte and double-byte characters, [http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/packages/ccic/software/info/HBF-1.1/ Hanzi Bitmap Font (HBF) File] with file extension ".hbf" is used.

In order to save space for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueType TrueType] font files, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueType TrueType] font collection file is used.

I order to cover complicated code space of characters, CID keyed Type 1 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostScript ?PostScript] font is used with CMap files starting themselves with "%!PS-Adobe-3.0 Resource-CMap".

Font configuration and rendering

All these fonts described above (@{@@}@, @{@@}@ are equally supported for displaying and printing using libfreetype6, libxft2, ghostscript and fontconfig packages.

For both printing via "ghostscript" and displaying on X server "libxft2", all basic fonts described above (@{@@}@, @{@@}@) are supported on the Debian system.

Table of packages to support displaying and printing of fonts.

1

2

3

package

popcon

size

description

libfreetype6

?FreeType 2 font engine, shared library files

fontconfig

generic font configuration library - support binaries

fontconfig-config

generic font configuration library - configuration

defoma

Debian Font Manager -- automatic font configuration framework

ghostscript

The GPL Ghostscript PostScript/PDF interpreter

ghostscript-x

The GPL Ghostscript PostScript/PDF interpreter - X Display support

libxft2

?FreeType-based font drawing library for X

x-ttcidfont-conf

TrueType and CID fonts configuration for X

libpoppler3

PDF rendering library

poppler-data

Encoding data for the poppler PDF rendering library

cmap-adobe-cns1

CMaps for Adobe-CNS1 (for Traditional-Chinese)

cmap-adobe-gb1

CMaps for Adobe-GB1 (for Simplified-Chinese)

cmap-adobe-japan1

CMaps for Adobe-Japan1 (for Japanese, standard)

cmap-adobe-japan2

CMaps for Adobe-Japan2 (for Japanese, extra)

cmap-adobe-korea1

CMaps for Adobe-Korea1 (for Korean)

Font path

  • "xset q" X font path

  • "ghostscript -h" gohstscript font path

Examples

This section contains examples and scratch pad contents.

Table

Always assumes the first line is <title>, the second line is <thead> and the rest lines are <tbody> <row>s. (hello)

Example of table 1

TITLE1

TITLE2

DATA 11

DATA 12

DATA 21

DATA 22

Special paragraphs

Here are examples of Wiki marking used.

/!\  /!\  for "Warning" (alert)

<!>  <!>  for "Caution" (attention)

{*}  {*}  for "Important" (star_on)

{i}  {i}  for "Tip" (icon-info)

(!)  (!)  for "Note" (idea)

{OK}  {OK}  for "Note" (thumbs-up)

(./)  (./)  for "Note" (check-mark)

Line foldings

line1 starting line break examples line2 w/o space from previous line

line3 w 1 line space from previous line

line2 w 2 space from previous line

line2 w 3 space from previous line line with ampersand & &

Data for popcon data and package size

The following packages are referred in the main text.

List of packages whose popcon and/or package size were referred in the main text

1

2

3

package

popcon

package size

dummy

gksu

-

-

-

screen

-

-

-

rutebook

-

-

-

See http://wiki.debian.org/UTF8BrokenApps

Escape confusion

MoinMoin conversion bug for " \n " needs to be worked around by placing space around it.

can be referred as @{@internallinks@}@ which will create correct reference in HTML.

  • All characters converted to lower cases.
  • 0-9 converted to a-j
  • Drop all special characters and spaces.
  • For longer reference name, it trim center parts and make it first and last 16 characters each.
  • See HTML link name as quick check after generation.

Do not use " [[Anchor(internalLinks)]] " for now in the main text used by building final HTML files. (It may be a good idea but you need to do it for entire document.)

The normal anchor feature of MoinMoin wiki is not supported by the XML conversion tool now.