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| The whole point of Debian from day one was "Stable", in reaction to what else was extant at the time: !SoftLandingSystems "''SLS''" and ''Slackware''. Debian chose stability, as administrators needed for servers. Choose Debian "[[DebianStable|Stable]]" if you want the computer to just work for a prolonged period of time, without the risk of new packages breaking your habits or workflow. In most cases, when people talk about Debian, they are referring to Debian "Stable". The network install images for stable (<<DebianCodename(stable)>>) can be found at http://www.debian.org/CD/netinst/ | The whole point of Debian from day one was "Stable", in reaction to what else was extant at the time: !SoftLandingSystems "''SLS''" and ''Slackware''. Debian chose stability, as administrators needed for servers. Choose Debian "[[DebianStable|Stable]]" if you want the computer to just work for a prolonged period of time, without the risk of new packages breaking your habits or workflow. In most cases, when people talk about Debian, they are referring to Debian "Stable". The network install images for stable (<<DebianCodename(stable)>>) can be found at https://www.debian.org/CD/netinst/ |
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| If it is important to you to have recent packages of ''all'' the installed software continuously rolling through Debian, and you are fine with constantly downloading and installing updates that will stir up a bug at times, and you want to help squash bugs threatening to get into ''Stable'', you may choose Debian "[[DebianTesting|Testing]]". The network install images for testing (<<DebianCodename(testing)>>) can be found at http://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/. | If it is important to you to have recent packages of ''all'' the installed software continuously rolling through Debian, and you are fine with constantly downloading and installing updates that will stir up a bug at times, and you want to help squash bugs threatening to get into ''Stable'', you may choose Debian "[[DebianTesting|Testing]]". The network install images for testing (<<DebianCodename(testing)>>) can be found at https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/. |
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| Be sure you have downloaded the installer for your [[http://www.debian.org/ports/|hardware architecture]]. (The [[http://www.debian.org/ports/i386/|i386]] architecture is for both Intel and AMD 32 bit CPUs. The [[http://www.debian.org/ports/amd64/|amd64]] architecture is for both Intel and AMD 64 bit CPUs.) The [[http://www.debian.org/ports/amd64/|amd64]] architecture is appropriate for most common hardware. | Be sure you have downloaded the installer for your [[https://www.debian.org/ports/|hardware architecture]]. (The [[https://www.debian.org/ports/i386/|i386]] architecture is for both Intel and AMD 32 bit CPUs. The [[https://www.debian.org/ports/amd64/|amd64]] architecture is for both Intel and AMD 64 bit CPUs.) The [[https://www.debian.org/ports/amd64/|amd64]] architecture is appropriate for most common hardware. |
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| You can use one of the parallel installer image builds that also include all the non-free firmware packages directly. We have "netinst" CD images and also DVD installer images - see http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/ | You can use one of the parallel installer image builds that also include all the non-free firmware packages directly. We have "netinst" CD images and also DVD installer images - see https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/ |
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| [[https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd6/ch04s03.en.html|instructions]]. | [[https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/ch04s03.en.html|instructions]]. |
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| To burn the .iso to a CD on Microsoft Windows use [[http://www.imgburn.com/|IMGBurn]] | To burn the .iso to a CD on Microsoft Windows use [[https://www.imgburn.com/|IMGBurn]] |
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| * [[http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/installmanual|Debian GNU/Linux Installation Guide]] (all architectures, stable branch) | * [[https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/installmanual|Debian GNU/Linux Installation Guide]] (all architectures, stable branch) |
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| * http://www.debian.org/CD/vendors * [[http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/|All Debian images]] |
* https://www.debian.org/CD/vendors * [[https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/|All Debian images]] |
Translation(s): Deutsch - Ελληνικά - English - Español - Français - Italiano - Korean - Nederlands - Polski - Brasileiro - Русский - සිංහල-(Sinhala) - 简体中文
https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/ - Debian GNU/Linux installation guide
https://debian-handbook.info/browse/stable/sect.installation-steps.html - Debian Administrator's Handbook - Installing Debian, Step by Step
Contents
Getting Familiar With Debian Releases
Refer to Debian Releases for more information about the Debian versions, but the following ideas may guide your decision.
Stable
The whole point of Debian from day one was "Stable", in reaction to what else was extant at the time: SoftLandingSystems "SLS" and Slackware. Debian chose stability, as administrators needed for servers. Choose Debian "Stable" if you want the computer to just work for a prolonged period of time, without the risk of new packages breaking your habits or workflow. In most cases, when people talk about Debian, they are referring to Debian "Stable". The network install images for stable (bookworm) can be found at https://www.debian.org/CD/netinst/
Testing
If it is important to you to have recent packages of all the installed software continuously rolling through Debian, and you are fine with constantly downloading and installing updates that will stir up a bug at times, and you want to help squash bugs threatening to get into Stable, you may choose Debian "Testing". The network install images for testing (trixie) can be found at https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/.
Unstable
If it is important to you to have the absolute latest packages available in Debian, you should learn about Debian "Unstable". There are currently no network install images for unstable. If you want to install unstable, download the image for stable and upgrade through testing to unstable by editing /etc/apt/sources.list.
Choosing The Appropriate Installation Media
Be sure you have downloaded the installer for your hardware architecture. (The i386 architecture is for both Intel and AMD 32 bit CPUs. The amd64 architecture is for both Intel and AMD 64 bit CPUs.) The amd64 architecture is appropriate for most common hardware.
There are two main choices of installation media to meet your needs.
The Network Install Image
For those with reliable Internet access using a network install image often saves time, compared with downloading some of the 650 MB ISO images. This network install ISO (called "netinst") contains only a near-minimal Debian system. During installation as many packages as you request are downloaded from the Internet. A netinst iso image is around 180 MB but the CD or DVD images are much larger and will almost surely contain packages downloaded but not installed.
If your wireless network card is not recognized by the installer you might consider doing the installation using a wired (ethernet cable) connection or installing using a different network card. In any case it may be preferable to install with a wired connection for bandwidth reasons or simply to defer wireless setup until after the initial installation.
If you have no way of establishing a network connection while installing then you will need to install using at least a partial set of the installation CDs or DVDs.
The Full "CD/DVD" Image
These images are for those who need all available packages that are in the current "stable" release of Debian.
Although there are over 30 CDs (or 5 DVDs) in a full set, only the first CD or DVD is required to install Debian. The additional images are optional and include extra packages, that can be downloaded individually during the installation, or later.
Non-Free Firmware
Please refer to the Firmware Page to determine if and how you may need to download firmware for a successful installation.
You can use one of the parallel installer image builds that also include all the non-free firmware packages directly. We have "netinst" CD images and also DVD installer images - see https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/
Creating a Bootable Debian USB Flashdrive
After downloading the .iso, the next step is to create some form of bootable media that you can use to install Debian. The most common form of installation is from a USB flash drive. If you wish to use a CD or DVD, you can use that method as well.
To create a bootable USB drive from Microsoft Windows or Mac OS a reliable choice is Rufus.
To create a bootable USB drive on Linux follow the installation instructions. [TL;DR cp debian.iso /dev/sdX Be cautious!]
To burn the .iso to a CD on Microsoft Windows use IMGBurn
Booting From a USB Flash Drive
If you plan to dual-booting with another OS, both OSes' need to be installed with the same boot mode. Most computers built after 2012 boot in UEFI mode, so this configuration dictates use of UEFI mode when installing and booting Debian. If the other system of your computer are installed in BIOS(legacy) mode, then you must install Debian in BIOS mode as well.
You should be able to check the current boot mode in the first few seconds of your computer starting up. Some common options include the "F2", "F8", "F12", and "Del" keys.
Currently, Secure Boot is not available in Debian "Stretch". For a successful installation, make sure that Secure Boot is turned off. The next stable release of Debian, code named "Buster", features Secure Boot.
Once the proper boot mode is set, you are ready to start your installation. If the Debian Installer does not load, you may have to change your boot options and specify booting from USB.
Installation
Prior to making any major change to your computer you should ALWAYS backup all of your work. While the Debian Installer has been extensively tested, it cannot prevent you from making mistakes nor a prevent a power failure in your city while you are installing your new operating system.
Installation FAQ
Post-Install Tips
See also
An updated installer that supports the newest hardware
DebianLive - Debian Live CD / DVD / USB
InstallFAQ - Including how to install unstable (sid).
FAI, Fully Automatic Installation
PackageManagement - Managing your system
Debian GNU/Linux Installation Guide (all architectures, stable branch)
PXEBootInstall - The manual for setting up a netboot server.
ToDo | CategoryObsolete - this page needs a thorough rewrite