?TableOfContents(3)
Rosegarden Audio/Midi Sequencer introductions
url:http://rosegardenmusic.com/
Rosegarden Audio/Midi Sequencer. Music creations without limit. Midi (Musikal Instrument Digital Interface), Is a perfect way to build up music instrumet by instrument. The Importans of building up the midi song with structure are important becouse when you try to export the midi file to other then rosegarden, will make the chance for the midi file to work on others computer, synth/keyboards and so on much biger. With Rosegarden follows it a easy way to do this as you can se below:
attachment:instrumentpara.png
That is okay to use, IF you held your project to Rosegarden, My experience with this is when you try to export your midi to other aplications, something will not work as you attend to.
This can sound difficult and time consumed, but if you are bit structured, and made the setup file at hand, you have everything ready for your next project without any delay. I have made ready one file like this for you, just download it(you find it below) i have also made a guide how to use this. with structure on your midi i mean the following thing: you set the standard on every midi file you made where you put your instruments. the example that follows on my file is:
Track 1 = piano
Track 2 = Bass
Track 3 = Guitar (muted, clean and so on)
Track 4 = Melody
Track 5 = second voice
Track 6-9 = here you can set up, strings, clarinet, obo, sax, and so on.
Track 10 = Drum, this is always drums, this is standard in GM upset.
Track 11-16 = same as 6-9.
If you follows this setup on your every midi sound, there will not be any problem to made new melody.
Placing your audio file for your new project
It is very important to be strict when it's comes to where you placing your recording live instruments, and vocals, because without that, you will after a wile get problem to find what files you are working with, it's not impossible but without any structure on it, you will use allot of time find it. So lets say you have made you self a new midi melody "shallala", and you want to record your vocal on it, then you just remember to make a director that has the same name as your melody, and place your recorded audio in there.
attachment:audioplace.png
Choose --> "composition" ---> and then "edit document properties"
How to sign your melody
You want to tell everybody the you have made this tune, so belove you se how you can add what the song name is, who has composed it
attachment:signaudio.png
Instrumental index.
No. |
Instruments |
No. |
Instruments |
No. |
Instruments |
No. |
Instruments |
1 |
Ac. Grand Piano |
34 |
El.Bass finger |
67 |
Tenor Sax |
100 |
FX 4 (atmosphere) |
2 |
Bright Ac. Piano |
35 |
El.Bass pick |
68 |
Baritone Sax |
101 |
FX 5 (brightness) |
3 |
El. Grand Piano |
36 |
Fretless Bass |
69 |
Oboe |
102 |
FX 6 (goblins) |
4 |
Honky-tonk Piano |
37 |
Slap Bass 1 |
70 |
English Horn |
103 |
FX 7 (echoes) |
5 |
El. Piano 1 |
38 |
Slap Bass 2 |
71 |
Bossoon |
104 |
FX 8 (sci-fi) |
6 |
El. Piano 2 |
39 |
Synth Bass 1 |
72 |
Clarinet |
105 |
Sitar |
7 |
Harpsichord |
40 |
Synth Bass 2 |
73 |
Piccolo |
106 |
Banjo |
8 |
Clavi |
41 |
Violin |
74 |
Flute |
107 |
Shamisen |
9 |
Celesta |
42 |
Viola |
75 |
Recorder |
108 |
Koto |
10 |
Glockenspiel |
43 |
Cello |
76 |
Pan Flute |
109 |
Kalimba |
11 |
Music Box |
44 |
Contrabass |
77 |
Blow Bottle |
110 |
Bag Pipe |
12 |
Vibraphone |
45 |
Tremolo Strings |
78 |
Shakuhachi |
111 |
Fiddle |
13 |
Marimba |
46 |
Pizz. Strings |
79 |
Whistle |
112 |
Shanai |
14 |
Xylophone |
47 |
Orch Harp |
80 |
Ocarina |
113 |
Tinkle Bell |
15 |
Tubular Bells |
48 |
Timpani |
81 |
Lead 1 (square) |
114 |
Agogo |
16 |
Dulcimer |
49 |
String Ens 1 |
82 |
Lead 2 (sawtooth) |
115 |
Steel Drums |
17 |
Drawbar Organ |
50 |
String Ens 2 |
83 |
Lead 3 (calliope) |
116 |
Woodblock |
18 |
Perc. Organ |
51 |
Synthstrings 1 |
84 |
Lead 4 (chiff) |
117 |
Taiko Drum |
19 |
Rock Organ |
52 |
Synthstrings 2 |
85 |
Lead 5 (charang) |
118 |
Melodic Tom |
20 |
Church Organ |
53 |
Choir Aahs |
86 |
Lead 6 (voice) |
119 |
Synth Drum |
21 |
Reed Organ |
54 |
Choir Oohs |
87 |
Lead 7 (fifths) |
120 |
Reverse Cymbal |
22 |
Accordion |
55 |
Synth Voice |
88 |
Lead 8 (bass+lead) |
121 |
Fret Noise |
23 |
Harmonica |
56 |
Orchestra hit |
89 |
Pad 1 (new age) |
122 |
Breath Noise |
24 |
Tango Accordion |
57 |
Trumpet |
90 |
Pad 2 (warm) |
123 |
Seashore |
25 |
Ac. guitar nylon |
58 |
Trombone |
91 |
Pad 3 (polysynth) |
124 |
Bird Tweet |
26 |
Ac. guitar steel |
59 |
Tuba |
92 |
Pad 4 (choir) |
125 |
Telephone Ring |
27 |
El. guitar jazz |
60 |
Muted Trumpet |
93 |
Pad 5 (bowed) |
126 |
Helicopter |
28 |
El. guitar clean |
61 |
French Horn |
94 |
Pad 6 (metallic) |
127 |
Applause |
29 |
El. guitar muted |
62 |
Brass Section |
95 |
Pad 7 (halo) |
128 |
Gunshot |
30 |
?OverDr. Guitar |
63 |
?SynthBrass 1 |
96 |
Pad 8 (sweep) |
|
|
31 |
Dist. Guitar |
64 |
?SynthBrass 2 |
97 |
FX 1 (rain) |
|
|
32 |
Guitar harmonics |
65 |
Soprano Sax |
98 |
FX 2 (soundtrack) |
|
|
33 |
Acoustic Bass |
66 |
Alto Sax |
99 |
FX 3 (crystal) |
|
|
And that was the index of the instrument, below you have the index overt the Percussive instruments (drums)
No. |
?DrumKit |
Uses |
1 |
Standar GM kit 1 |
Everything |
2 |
Standar GM kit 2 |
Same as 1 |
10 |
Rom Kit |
Pop Ballads |
17 |
Power Set |
Rock, hard rock |
25 |
Electronic kit |
Ballads |
26 |
Analog kit |
Also used in ballads |
27 |
Dance Kit |
Uses in Dance, Teckno |
28 |
Dance Kit 2 |
Same As 27 |
33 |
Standar GM kit 3 |
Same as 1,2 and 74,75 |
41 |
Brush/jazz kit |
Uses in jazz, or ballads |
49 |
Orchestral Kit |
Uses in classical music |
57 |
Effects Kit |
Uses to make effects arround your melodi |
65 |
Percussion kit 1 |
|
66 |
Percussion kit 2 |
|
74 |
Standar Gm Kit 4 |
|
75 |
Standar Gm Kit 5 |
|
No.: representing the Programchange
Midi setup
Midi setup, in this case midisetup.rg file will i show you how to change settings. I will introduce you to some controllers that you will find usefully to your midi setup
No. |
Controller |
What does the controller do |
7 |
Volume |
This sets the volume on the midi track 0 if lowest setting, 127 is the loudest setting |
10 |
Ballange |
This controls sett the balance on the midi track, 0 is for the left side, and 127 is right, 65 is center |
32 |
Bank Select |
This controller select the different sound banks on your synth/keyboard "LSB" (fine) bank select |
0 |
Bank Select |
This controller is the MSB (coarse) bank change |
91 |
reverb |
This sets the room size on the midi track, 0 is for no acoustics, and 127 for max acoustics |
attachment:midisetup.png
with this out of the way, you have setup a structured setup of the midi segment that tells your synth/keyboard what it should do. And then you simply can export the midi to any devices you want, even mobile phone.(if the mobile supports polyfonisk midi)
here you can download the finish setup file
attachment:midisetup.rg
how to change bank select.
Sometime you wish to use different sounds on your Synth/keyboard that not in the GM standard, then you have to use controller that take care of this. Controller 32.
This functions are taken in use if you also want drums on other tracks then 10. Example percussion effects on tracks 16, that my favorite tracks to use for this functions. Then with controller 32 on data1, and number 4 on data2, changes what track 16 should do, in this case drums. And then with program change 57, will that track change to effect kit.
Controller 0 and 32, with number 0, is gm standard, use it on tracks 1-9, 11-16
Controller 0 and 32, with number 1-127 are those different banks, used on track 1-9, 11-16
Controller 32, with number 4, are for mine synth drums, that is use for standard on track 10, and on special need on any track you to your liking.
Yamaha keyboard with Gm2/Xg have some more options, i recommend you to read the manual that gives you the complete overview of the instrument on your keyboard, and there also says what banks the instrument exist on.
Let me take an example:
my keyboard have a instrument on controller 0(MSB) on value 8, and in controller 32(LSB) on value 1, and last on program change 3.
so the following is,
controller 0 with value 8
controller 32 with value 1
and last the program change with value 3
attachment:changebankselect.png
the order on when controller 0 and 32 and program change comes are important
remeber that controller 0 and 32, have to come BEFORE program change.
i have included this in the standardupsetfile.
How to make rosegarden to automatical put controller and program change in the start of your segment, for exported midi
This is actually something i just found out. You use the intrumentparameter to have the reverb, volume you want, and then the trick is to press a key on your keyboard when rosegarden count up for you, so you actually get a note in the counting in before record. This you can do on every segment. And then when you export the song to midi, the info will automatical been put inn there, the only thing is that you must load the new midi file, and remove the note you dont need.
How to use Score editor to set controllers
attachment:addevent.png
how to add a new midi device
you can also create a new midi device that is for your synth/keyboard, to make the easy pick on the instrument parameters as shown on the picture below
attachment:mididevice.png
how to change, edit, improve a recorded midi segment
When you have play what you want in the segment will there always be something you want to correct up on, instead of play everything from start again, you have many possibility to change, edit everything to the better. First I am introduce you to the use of the matrix Editor.
attachment:matrixsetup.png
Quantize
Grid Quantize
This functions have several possibility, after a played segment you sometime miss the beat, here is where the Quantize comes in the picture. it's usefully to get your note on right on the beat automatical for you.
attachment:gridquantize.png
To use this the right way, can save your from a lot of work. You have to try out different ways, there are always the possibility to undo the quantize if it not goes as intended. So there is only just to try again with a different setting on the base grid unit, you have to try your self out different setting, and you will find one that fits you need best. There are many possibility.
Legato Quantizer
with this you with one keystroke change a staccato played part to legato.
Heuristic notation quantizer
and other Quantizer that you will find usefully are heuristic notation quantizer. This help you to make your played note to the right length, this uses mostly to fixing up on the notations preview. And make the not more easy to read for the musician.
attachment:heuristicquantize.png
As you can se have this method, changed the length on the note to right length for and 16 note, and that should be played stakato. It have changed notations to the better.
Number 1 show you how the notations was before Quantize, and number 2 is how it shown up after. Number 2 is more easy for the musician to read then number 1. and number 1 is more confusing, with 32 quanted notes, and some different rest note. Number 2 is more clean, and will mostly be played the way i intended it to be played. There is one thing that it's sound great on midi, but if you want public your notations to orchestra, band, you have to take you time and clean up your notes. That was and short introductions to use of Matrix edit.
Note edit
Note edit are a powerful edit tool to make you notations ready for pianist, orchestra, band, you have the tool to make different marks thats tell the musician what he should do, how fast, how hard, how soft, tempo changes and more. I gonna introduce you to some of the features with the note edit. the fist picture is before:
attachment:notationsbefore.png
you see a clean notations, there is noting that tells what you want how the notes should be played. After i have worked with the notations, here is the result:
attachment:notationsafter.png
you see here that we have got what speed, what hardiness the notations should be played with. At the same time i have change the note to bind together, i also change the note lenght in the matrix editor to eight-note, so it would be easier for the pianist to read, but the piece will actually be played as i want it to, and the notations take less space. Let us se closer how i got this marks in the notations.
howto get specifications in the notations editor
attachment:notationedit.png
This guide show you how to set in useful informations to the musician how you compositions should be played, Tempo, what volume, what accord, that only a part of this tool. the picture show you how to make the note bind together, how to put a crescendo, decrescendo on your notations.
attachment:notationedit1.png
If you look at the right menu, there are many possibility to improve the informations on the notations, the only thing you have to remember is to mark those note this info should be apart of.
attachment:notationedit2.png
If you look on the left menu, you can put manually note, rest on you notations, you can also cange the clef on the notations, below you se how.
how to change clef
- Double click on the G clef, and a menu will pop up.
attachment:clefchange.png
How to change key
attachment:changekey.png
how to change note volume on a recorded segment.
attachment:notevolume.png
Interpret functions in the score editor
when you play on the synth/keyboard, specially when you want to play in a low volume (piano) this are not always easy, have the same note hardiness on your accord, or you just want the music to play piano where it is piano, and forte where there is forte. You can put in those mark on the notations, and when you are finish with put in all the marks on your notations, and buy right click in the score editor, and choose the "interpret" rosegarden will change the velocties, and notations play after the marks you have put on your notations.
Setting notes manualy, and steprecording
There are 2 ways to put note in scoreeditor, first way is the manually putting notes.
attachment:putnotemanualy.png
And you have the Step recording, that one is my favorite. And it could be a nice way for the student to learn what note and what key on the synth/keyboard the student have to push to get the note.
attachment:steprecording.png
how to change tempo in Rosegarden
That can be done several ways, I'm gonna show you the one i think is the best to use. if you right click on the line you see right under 120, the menu for tempo change will pop up.
attachment:tempochange.png
The menu is as following
- Insert Tempo Change
- Insert Tempo Change at Playback Position
- Delete Tempo Change
- Ramp Tempo to Next Tempo
- Un-ramp Tempo
- Edit Tempo
- Edit Time Signature...
- Open Tempo And Time Signature Editor
Insert Tempo Change
If you right click on the line there you want the tempo change, let's say with number 3, and then chose 'Insert Tempo Change' a dot with number 3 will shown up. And then left click and hold down after number 3, you can easly change tempo only by dragin up and down.
attachment:tempochange1.png
Insert Tempo Change at Playback Position
This simply make a tempo change there you are positions on the song.
attachment:tempochange2.png
Ramp Tempo to Next Tempo
this is nice to use if you want a gradient tempo change, or reduse.
attachment:tempochange3.png
Edit Tempo
here you simply manyally can type in what tempo you want, this is the best to use if you are after a special tempo, the drag functions are good to, but not so presice.
attachment:edittempo.png
Edit Time Signature
this give you the possibility to change the beat on you melody, on my example i have started up the song with 4/4 beat, and after the tempo change i have changed the song to 3/4 beat (wals).
attachment:edittimesignature.png
Open Tempo And Time Signature Editor
attachment:tempoandtimesignatureeditor.png
With this you manually can go into all you tempo change and beat change, and change to your liking
howto make the midi and audio record to work
to make only the midi to work in Linux, i recommend you to buy a USB midi interface from roland Edirol serie.
if you only want midi, you can buy Roland UM-1EX, you can also only search for "um-1ex" on your favorite search engine, or just buy it on your favorite music store. This usb support only midi, there is nothing driver to think about, you just plug it in, and it will automatical be detected by your system. click on the link to see how the device looks like:
attachment:rolandum1.jpg
Under Rosegarden you probably have to choose this device.
attachment:managemididevices.png
if you want to use rosegarden fully, with sound record, can i also recommend Rolands Edirol UA-25, that device can record hight quality sound through the usb port, and again, you don't have to think about drivers, you just plug in in, and Linux system will automatical detect it-. click on the link to see how the device looks like
attachment:edirol25.jpg
This device also have midi interface, so you get full packages on the same device, but of course this device are more expensive then um-1ex.
options number 1: here is there some configure to do before you can record trought this device, when you have plug in the usb port, the device is added as one sound-card, so you have to chose that you want to use UA-25 as your record device, and if you have a sound-card build inn, you presumably want to use that as a playback device. to fix this can you use jackd, that you find under -> Multimedia --> jack control. if you not find jackd on you menu you have to install the package "Qjackctl"
options number 2: you can just use UA-25 as a record and playback device (less problem to) But on the 96Khz, you can only play or record, and it's here the options number 1 comes in.
attachment:jackdsetup.png
if you want to hear what you play wile you record you simply plug some of the line out on the ua-25 to line in on your integrated sound-card. example, you take record of your midi recorded segments, you have to remember to shut down the metronome click, you don't want that on your recorded wav file.
if you getting alsa_pcm: xrun problem, take a look at the messages in the start how the device been start up. If your integrated card don't handle 24 bit, you will get into some problem, and you have to turn on the advance mode OFF the UA-25 device, so it goes down to 16Bit with the integrated sound-card. If ALSA gives you problem still, try to run the OSS instead. If your integrated sound-card don't support 48.000, you have to turn UA-25 down to 44.100. Remeber that you have to unplug usb, and do the change on device, and then plug in the usb again before the changes take effect.
how to turn of metronome click
attachment:metronome.png
and the after you have done a successfully record of you midi song, you can add on some singing, real guitars, and so on, you have to be creative.:)
Other devices that are compatible with Linux
Device |
extra install, needs depends |
Roland edirol UA-25 |
Be sure that the kernel have usb-audio suport and usb-midi, i had no problem with this device, it was only plug it in, and it worked |
Roland edirol um-1 |
Same as Ediro UA-25 |
Fixme: add devices you have experienced to work with out any problem
Music that have been made on rosegarden
Here you have and example of music piece that have been made on rosegarden, I have got a friend of mine to play guitars.
arr/melody: Alf Tonny Bätz. Guitarist: Bjørn Nygård
Mp3 versionen
attachment:upseth.mp3
Midi version
attachment:upseth.mid