?TableOfContents(3)
Rosegarden Audio/Midi Sequencer introductions
url:http://rosegardenmusic.com/
Rosegarden Audio/Midi Sequencer. Music creations without limit. Midi (Musikal Instrument Digital Interface), Is a perfect way to build up music instrumet by instrument. The Importans of building up the midi song with structure are important becouse when you try to export the midi file to other then rosegarden, will make the chance for the midi file to work on others computer, synth/keyboards and so on much biger. With Rosegarden follows it a easy way to do this as you can se below:
attachment:instrumentpara.png
That is okay to use, IF you held your project to Rosegarden, My experience with this is when you try to export your midi to other aplications, something will not work as you attend to.
This can sound difficult and time consumed, but if you are bit structed, and made the setup file at hand, you have everything ready for your next project without any delay. I have made ready one file like this for you, just download it(you find it below) i have also made a guid how to use this. with structure on your midi i meen the following thing: you set the standard on every midi fil you made where you put your instruments. the example that follows on my file is:
Track 1 = piano
Track 2 = Bass
Track 3 = Guitar (muted, clean and so on)
Track 4 = Melody Track 5 = second voice
Track 6-9 = here you can set up, strings, clarinet, obo, sax, and so on.
Track 10 = Drum, this is always drums, this is standard in GM upset.
Track 11-16 = same as 6-9.
If you follows this setup on your every midi sound, there will not be any problem to made new melody.
Placing your audio file for your new project
It is very important to be strict when it's comes to where you placing your recording live instruments, and vocals, becouse without that, you will after a wile get problem to find what files you are working with, it's not impossible but without any structure on it, you will use alot of time find it. So lets say you have made you self a new midi melody "shallala", and you want to record your vocal on it, then you just remeber to make a director that has the same name as your melody, and place your recorded audio in there.
attachment:audioplace.png
Choos --> "composition" ---> and then "edit document properties"
Howto sign your melody
You want to tell everyody the you have made this tune, so belove you se how you can add what the song name is, who has componised it
attachment:signaudio.png
Instrumental index.
No. |
Instruments |
No. |
Instruments |
No. |
Instruments |
No. |
Instruments |
1 |
Ac. Grand Piano |
34 |
El.Bass finger |
67 |
Tenor Sax |
100 |
FX 4 (atmosphere) |
2 |
Bright Ac. Piano |
35 |
El.Bass pick |
68 |
Baritone Sax |
101 |
FX 5 (brightness) |
3 |
El. Grand Piano |
36 |
Fretless Bass |
69 |
Oboe |
102 |
FX 6 (goblins) |
4 |
Honky-tonk Piano |
37 |
Slap Bass 1 |
70 |
English Horn |
103 |
FX 7 (echoes) |
5 |
El. Piano 1 |
38 |
Slap Bass 2 |
71 |
Bossoon |
104 |
FX 8 (sci-fi) |
6 |
El. Piano 2 |
39 |
Synth Bass 1 |
72 |
Clarinet |
105 |
Sitar |
7 |
Harpsichord |
40 |
Synth Bass 2 |
73 |
Piccolo |
106 |
Banjo |
8 |
Clavi |
41 |
Violin |
74 |
Flute |
107 |
Shamisen |
9 |
Celesta |
42 |
Viola |
75 |
Recorder |
108 |
Koto |
10 |
Glockenspiel |
43 |
Cello |
76 |
Pan Flute |
109 |
Kalimba |
11 |
Music Box |
44 |
Contrabass |
77 |
Blow Bottle |
110 |
Bag Pipe |
12 |
Vibraphone |
45 |
Tremolo Strings |
78 |
Shakuhachi |
111 |
Fiddle |
13 |
Marimba |
46 |
Pizz. Strings |
79 |
Whistle |
112 |
Shanai |
14 |
Xylophone |
47 |
Orch Harp |
80 |
Ocarina |
113 |
Tinkle Bell |
15 |
Tubular Bells |
48 |
Timpani |
81 |
Lead 1 (square) |
114 |
Agogo |
16 |
Dulcimer |
49 |
String Ens 1 |
82 |
Lead 2 (sawtooth) |
115 |
Steel Drums |
17 |
Drawbar Organ |
50 |
String Ens 2 |
83 |
Lead 3 (calliope) |
116 |
Woodblock |
18 |
Perc. Organ |
51 |
Synthstrings 1 |
84 |
Lead 4 (chiff) |
117 |
Taiko Drum |
19 |
Rock Organ |
52 |
Synthstrings 2 |
85 |
Lead 5 (charang) |
118 |
Melodic Tom |
20 |
Church Organ |
53 |
Choir Aahs |
86 |
Lead 6 (voice) |
119 |
Synth Drum |
21 |
Reed Organ |
54 |
Choir Oohs |
87 |
Lead 7 (fifths) |
120 |
Reverse Cymbal |
22 |
Accordion |
55 |
Synth Voice |
88 |
Lead 8 (bass+lead) |
121 |
Fret Noise |
23 |
Harmonica |
56 |
Orchestra hit |
89 |
Pad 1 (new age) |
122 |
Breath Noise |
24 |
Tango Accordion |
57 |
Trumpet |
90 |
Pad 2 (warm) |
123 |
Seashore |
25 |
Ac. guitar nylon |
58 |
Trombone |
91 |
Pad 3 (polysynth) |
124 |
Bird Tweet |
26 |
Ac. guitar steel |
59 |
Tuba |
92 |
Pad 4 (choir) |
125 |
Telephone Ring |
27 |
El. guitar jazz |
60 |
Muted Trumpet |
93 |
Pad 5 (bowed) |
126 |
Helicopter |
28 |
El. guitar clean |
61 |
French Horn |
94 |
Pad 6 (metallic) |
127 |
Applause |
29 |
El. guitar muted |
62 |
Brass Section |
95 |
Pad 7 (halo) |
128 |
Gunshot |
30 |
?OverDr. Guitar |
63 |
?SynthBrass 1 |
96 |
Pad 8 (sweep) |
|
|
31 |
Dist. Guitar |
64 |
?SynthBrass 2 |
97 |
FX 1 (rain) |
|
|
32 |
Guitar harmonics |
65 |
Soprano Sax |
98 |
FX 2 (soundtrack) |
|
|
33 |
Acoustic Bass |
66 |
Alto Sax |
99 |
FX 3 (crystal) |
|
|
And that was the index of the instrument, below you have the index overt the Percussive instruments (drums)
No. |
?DrumKit |
Uses |
1 |
Standar GM kit 1 |
Everything |
2 |
Standar GM kit 2 |
Same as 1 |
10 |
Rom Kit |
Pop Ballads |
17 |
Power Set |
Rock, hard rock |
25 |
Electronic kit |
Ballads |
26 |
Analog kit |
Also used in ballads |
27 |
Dance Kit |
Uses in Dance, Teckno |
28 |
Dance Kit 2 |
Same As 27 |
33 |
Standar GM kit 3 |
Same as 1,2 and 74,75 |
41 |
Brush/jazz kit |
Uses in jazz, or ballads |
49 |
Orchestral Kit |
Uses in classical music |
57 |
Effects Kit |
Uses to make effects arround your melodi |
65 |
Percussion kit 1 |
|
66 |
Percussion kit 2 |
|
74 |
Standar Gm Kit 4 |
|
75 |
Standar Gm Kit 5 |
|
No.: representing the Programchange
Midi setup
Midi setup, in this case midisetup.rg file will i show you how to change settings. I will introduse you to some controllers that you will find usefully to your midi setup
No. |
Controller |
What does the controller do |
7 |
Volume |
This sets the volume on the midi track 0 if lowest setting, 127 is the loudest setting |
10 |
Ballange |
This controlls sett the balange on the midi track, 0 is for the left side, and 127 is right, 65 is senter |
32 |
Bank Select |
This controller select the different sound banks on your synth/keyboard "LSB" (fine) bank select |
0 |
Bank Select |
This controller is the MSB (coarse) bank change |
91 |
reverb |
This sets the rom size on the midi track, 0 is for no acoustics, and 127 for max acoustics |
attachment:midisetup.png
with this out of the way, you have setup a structured setup of the midi segment that tells your synth/keyboard what it should do. And then you simply can export the midi to any devices you want, even mobile phone.(if the mobile suports pholyfonisk midi)
here you can download the finish setup file
attachment:midisetup.rg
howto change bank select.
Sometime you wish to use diferent sounds on your Synth/keyboard that not in the GM standard, then you have to use controller that take care of this. Controller 32.
This funktions are taken in use if you also want drums on other tracks then 10. Example percusion effects on tracks 16, that my favorite tracks to use for this funktions. Then with controller 32 on data1, and number 4 on data2, changes what track 16 should do, in this case drums. And then with programchange 57, will that track change to effect kit.
Controller 0 and 32, with number 0, is gm standard, use it on tracks 1-9, 11-16
Controller 0 and 32, with number 1-127 are those differents banks, used on track 1-9, 11-16
Controller 32, with number 4, are for mine synth drums, that is use for standard on track 10, and on special need on any track you to your liking.
Yamaha keyboard with Gm2/Xg have some more options, i recomend you to read the manual that gives you the compleet overviewe of the instrument on your keyboard, and there also says what banks the instrument exist on.
Let me take an example:
my keyboard have a instrument on controller 0(MSB) on value 8, and in controller 32(LSB) on value 1, and last on programchange 3.
so the following is,
controller 0 with value 8
controller 32 with value 1
and last the programchange with value 3
attachment:changebankselect.png
the order on when controller 0 and 32 and programchange comes are important
remeber that controller 0 and 32, have to come BEFORE programchang.
i have included this in the standardupsetfile.
you can also create a new midi device that is for your synth/keyboard, to make the easy pick on the intruments parameters as shown on the picture below
Howto make rosegarden to automatical put controller and programchange in the start of your segment, for your export of midi
This is actually something i just found out. You use the intrumentparameter to have the reverb, volume you want, and then the trik is to press a key on your keyboard when rosegarden count up for you, so you actually get a note in the counting in before record. This you can do on every segment. And then when you export the song to midi, the info will automatical been put inn there, the only thing is that you must load the new midi file, and remove the note you dont need.
Howto use Score editor to put controllers and programchange
attachment:addevent.png
howto add a new midi device
attachment:mididevice.png
how to change, edit, improve a recorded midi segment
When you have play what you want in the segment will there always be something you want to correct up on, instead of play everything from start again, you have many posibility to change, edit everything to the better. First I am introduce you to the use of the matrix Editor.
attachment:matrixsetup.png
Quantize
Grid Quantize
This funktions have several posibility, after a played segment you sometime miss the beat, here is where the Quantize comes in the picture. it's usefully to get your note on right on the beat automatical for you.
attachment:gridquantize.png
To use this the right way, can save your from a lot of work. You have to try out different ways, there are always the possibility to undo the quantize if it not goes as intented. So there is only just to try again with a different setting on the base grid unit, you have to try your self out different setting, and you will find one that fits you need best. There are many posibility.
Legato Quantizer
with this you with one keystroke change a stakkato played part to legato.
Heuristic notation quantizer
and other Quantizer that you will find usefully are heuristic notation quantizer. This help you to make your played note to the right length, this uses mostly to fixing up on the notations prewieve. And make the not more easy to read for the musician.
attachment:heuristicquantize.png
As you can se have this methode changed the length on the not to right lengt for and 16 note, and that should be played stakato. It have changed notations to the better.
Number 1 show you how the notations was before Quntize, and number 2 is how it shown up after. Number 2 is more easy for the musician to read then number 1. and number 1 is more confusing, with 32 quater notes, and some differents rest note. Number 2 is more clean, and will mostly be played the way i intendet it to be played. There is one thing that it's sound great on midi, but if you want public your notations to orcestra, band, you have to take you time and clean up your notes. That was and short introductions to use of Matrix edit.
Note edit
Note edit are a powerful edit tool to make you notations ready for pianist, orcestra, band, you have the tool to make different marks thats tell the musician what he should do, how fast, how hard, how soft, tempo changes and more. I gonna introduce you to some of the features with the note edit. the fist picture is before:
attachment:notationsbefore.png
you see a clean notations, there is noting that tells what you want how the notes should be played. After i have worked with the notations, here is the result:
attachment:notationsafter.png
you see here that we have got what speed, what strengt the notations should be played with. At the same time i have change the note to bind together, i also change the note lenght in the matrix editor to eightnote, so it would be easyer for the pianoist to read, but the piece will actually be played as i want it to, and the notations take less space. Let us se closer how i got this marks in the notations.
howto get spesifications in the notations editor
attachment:notationedit.png
This guid show you how to set in usefull infomations to the musician how you compsitions should be played, Tempo, what volume, what accord, that only a part of this tool. the picture show you how to make the note bind together, howto put a crescendo, decrescendo on your notations.
attachment:notationedit1.png
If you look at the right menu, there are many posibility to improve the infomations on the notations, the only thing you have to remeber is to mark those note this info shoud be apart of.
attachment:notationedit2.png
If you look on the left menu, you can put manualy note, rest on you notations, you can also cange the clef on the notations, below you se how.
how to change clef
- Dobbel click on the G clef, and a menu will pop up.
attachment:clefchange.png
How to change key
attachment:changekey.png
howto change note volume on a recorded segment.
attachment:notevolume.png
when you play on the synth/keyboard, specially when you want to play in a low volume (piano) this are not always easy, have the same note strenght on your accord, or you just want the music to play piano where it is piano, and forte where there is forte. This unfortently not automatical been done when you in note edit put the marks p, or f, this must manually been done.
howto change tempo in Rosegarden
That can be done several ways, im gonna show you the one i think is the best to use. if you right click on the line you se right under 120, the menu for tempo change will pop up.
attachment:tempochange.png
The menu is as following
- Insert Tempo Change
- Insert Tempo Change at Playback Position
- Delete Tempo Change
- Ramp Tempo to Next Tempo
- Un-ramp Tempo
- Edit Tempo
- Edit Time Signature...
- Open Tempo And Time Signature Editor
Insert Tempo Change
If you right click on the line there you want the tempo change, let's say with number 3, and then chose 'Insert Tempo Change' a dot with number 3 will shown up. And then left click and hold down after number 3, you can easly change tempo only by dragin up and down.
attachment:tempochange1.png
Insert Tempo Change at Playback Position
This simply make a tempo change there you are positions on the song.
attachment:tempochange2.png
Ramp Tempo to Next Tempo
this is nice to use if you want a gradient tempo change, or reduse.
attachment:tempochange3.png
Edit Tempo
here you simply manyally can type in what tempo you want, this is the best to use if you are after a special tempo, the drag functions are good to, but not so presice.
attachment:edittempo.png
Edit Time Signature
this give you the posibility to change the beat on you melody, on my expample i have startet up the song with 4/4 beat, and after the tempo change i have changed the song to 3/4 beat (wals).
attachment:edittimesignature.png
Open Tempo And Time Signature Editor
attachment:tempoandtimesignatureeditor.png
With this you manually can go into all you tempo change and beat change, and change to your liking
howto make the midi and audio record to work
to make only the midi to work in linux, i recomend you to buy a usb midi interface from roland Edirol serie.
if you only want midi, you can buy Roland UM-1EX, you can also only search for "um-1ex" on your favorite search engine, or just buy it on your favorite music store. This usb suport only midi, there is nothing driver to think about, you just plug it in, and it will automatical be detectet by your system. click on the link to se how the divice looks like:
attachment:rolandum1.jpg
Under Rosegarden you problebly have to choos this device.
attachment:managemididevices.png
if you want to use rosegarden fully, with sound record, can i also recomend Rolands Edirol UA-25, that device can record hight quality sound trought the usb port, and again, you dont have to think about drivers, you just plug in in, and linux system will automatical detect it-. click on the link to se how the device looks like
attachment:edirol25.jpg
This device also have midi interface, so you get full packages on the same device, but ofcours this device are more expencive then um-1ex.
options number 1: here is there some configure to do before you can record trought this device, when you have pluget in usb port, the divice is added as one soundcard, so you have to chose that you want to use UA-25 as your record device, and if you have a soundcard build inn, you problebly want to use that as a playback device. to fiks this can you use jackd, that you find under -> Multimedia --> jack controll. if you not find jackd on you menu you have to install the package "Qjackctl"
options number 2: you can just use UA-25 as a record and playback device (less problem to) But on the 96Khz, you can only play or record, and it's here the options number 1 comes in.
attachment:jackdsetup.png
if you want to hear what you play wile you record you simply plug some of the line out on the ua-25 to line in on your intrigrated soundcard. example, you take record of your midi recorded segments, you have to remeber to shut down the metronome click, you dont want that on your recordet waw file.
if you geting alsa_pcm: xrun problem, take a look at the messages in the start how the device been start up. If your integrated card don't handle 24 bit, you will get into some problem, and you have to turn on the advance mode OFF the UA-25 device, so it goes down to 16Bit with the integratet soundcard. If ALSA gives you problem still, try to run the OSS instead. If your integratet soundcard don't suport 48.000, you have to turn UA-25 down to 44.100. Remeber that you have to unplug usb, and do the change on device, and then plug in the usb again before the changes take effekt.
how to turn of metronome click
attachment:metronome.png
and the after you have done a sucsessfully record of you midi song, you can add on some singing, real guitars, and so on, you have to be creative.:)
Other devices that are compatible with linux
Device |
extra install, needs depends |
Roland edirol UA-25 |
Be sure that the kernel have usb-audio suport and usb-midi, i had no problem with this device, it was only plug it in, and it worked |
Roland edirol um-1 |
Same as Ediro UA-25 |
Fixme: add devices you have experienced to work with out any problem