Cheap serverbox Hardware

Boxes matching or surpassing the (no longer produced) DreamPlug in price and core features:

is supported in Debian (see stable armhf and testing armhf release notes, ARM multiplatform kernel notes, and similar notes for other archs).
includes proper case (not simply top and bottom plates)
fanless (in normal rooms, also on very hot days)
Price incl. case below USD 160
min. ½GB ram (for 32bit operation - likely min. 1GB for 64bit)
min. 1GHz CPU (for ARMv5 CPUs - different for other CPUs)
uSD slot, easy accessible
ethernet (proper builtin or on daughterboard, not "toys" like USB-attached or ENC28J60)

Adequate

Boxes less ideal - either more expensive or possibly using less than ideal components or wiring for essential parts.

Name	Speed	arch	RAM	disk	battery	SATA	Wifi	Ethernet	OSHW	price	stability
APU.2e0	1x4	amd64	2	-	-		-	1000x2		105
APU.2e2	1x4	amd64	2	-	-		-	1000x3		113
APU.2e4	1x4	amd64	4	-	-		-	1000x3		125
APU.3c2	1x4	amd64	2	-	-		-	1000x3		115
APU.3c4	1x4	amd64	4	-	-		-	1000x3		125
APU.4d2	1x4	amd64	2	-	-		-	1000x3		119
APU.4d4	1x4	amd64	4	-	-		-	1000x3		130
BeagleBone Black C	1	armhf/omap	½	4	-	-	-	100		65
BeagleBone Enhanced 512	1	armhf/omap	½	4	-	-	n	1000		62
BeagleBone Enhanced 1G	1	armhf/omap	1	4	-	-	n	1000		79
Cubieboard1	1	armhf/sunxi	1	4			-	100		56	stable
Cubieboard2	1x2	armhf/sunxi	1	4			-	100		64	stable
Cubieboard5/Cubietruck+	2x8	armhf/sunxi	2	8		( )	n	1000		117	untested
CuBox i1	1	armhf/imx	½	8	-	-	-	1000		80
CuBox i2	1x2	armhf/imx	1	8	-	-	-	1000		90
CuBox i2eX	1x2	armhf/imx	1	8	-		-	1000		100
CuBox i4Pro	1x4	armhf/imx	2	8	-		n	1000		120
CuBoxTV 1GB	1x4	armhf/imx	1	-	-		-	1000		100
CuBoxTV 2GB	1x4	armhf/imx	2	-	-		-	1000		130
HummingBoard Edge Solo	1	armhf/imx	½	8	-		-	100		132
HummingBoard Edge Dual-lite	1x2	armhf/imx	1	8	-		-	100		156
HummingBoard Gate Solo	1	armhf/imx	½	8	-	-	-	100		117
HummingBoard Gate Dual-lite	1x2	armhf/imx	1	8	-	-	-	100		141
Intel NUC 7CJYH	2	amd64	+8	4	-		n	1000		126
MiraBox	1	armhf/armada	1	1	-	(USB3)	n	1000x2		149
ODroid C1+	1.5x4	armhf/amlogic	1	-		-	-	1000		40
ODroid C2	1.5x4→2x1	armhf/amlogic	2	-		-	-	1000		51
OLinuXino A20 MICRO	1x2	armhf/sunxi	1	-			-	100		56	stable
OLinuXino A642Ge8G-IND	1.2x4	arm64/sunxi	2	16		-	-	1000		83
pcDuino 3S	1x2	armhf/sunxi	1	4	-	-	-	100		89	untested
Pine64 PINE A64-LTS	1.2x4	arm64/sunxi	2	-		-	-	1000		40	untested
Pine64 ROCK64 1GB	1.5x4	arm64/rk	1	-		(USB3)	-	1000		33
Pine64 ROCK64 2GB	1.5x4	arm64/rk	2	-		(USB3)	-	1000		43
Pine64 ROCK64 4GB	1.5x4	arm64/rk	4	-		(USB3)	-	1000		53
ROCK Pi 4 A 1GB	1.8x2+1.4x2	arm64/rk	1	-	-	(M.2+USB3)	-	1000		44
ROCK Pi 4 B 1GB	1.8x2+1.4x2	arm64/rk	1	-	-	(M.2+USB3)	n	1000		54
ROCK Pi 4 A 2GB	1.8x2+1.4x2	arm64/rk	2	-	-	(M.2+USB3)	-	1000		54
ROCK Pi 4 B 2GB	1.8x2+1.4x2	arm64/rk	2	-	-	(M.2+USB3)	n	1000		64
ROCK Pi 4 A 4GB	1.8x2+1.4x2	arm64/rk	4	-	-	(M.2+USB3)	-	1000		70
ROCK Pi 4 B 4GB	1.8x2+1.4x2	arm64/rk	4	-	-	(M.2+USB3)	n	1000		80
Rock960 4GB	1.8x2+1.4x4	arm64/rk	4	32	-	(M.2+USB3)	ac	1000		139	unstable-untested
Rock960c 1GB	1.8x2+1.4x4	arm64/rk	1	-	-	(M.2+USB3)	ac	1000		69
Sheeva64	1.2x2	arm64/armada	1	4	-	.	-	1000x2		89
Up Board A10-0116	1.9	amd64	1	16	-	(USB3)	-	1000		107
Up Board A10-0232	1.9	amd64	2	32	-	(USB3)	-	1000		127
Utilite Value	1	armhf/imx	½	4	-	-	-	1000		134
Wandboard Solo	1	armhf/imx	½	-	-	-	-	1000		98
Wandboard Dual	1x2	armhf/imx	1	-	-	-	n	1000		118
Wandboard Quad	1x4	armhf/imx	2	-	-		n	1000		138

Legend:

+ at RAM size indicates replaceable option.
b/a/g/n/ac/ax at Wifi indicates newest supported protocol generation
+ at Ethernet indicates switch ports
( ) at SATA indicates inferior USB bridge interface
(USB3) at SATA indicates no SATA but arguably usable SATA3 interface instead
→ at Speed means "from to", i.e. "1.5x4→2x1" means that 1.5 GHz with 4 cores as well as 2 GHz with 1 core is possible — and potentially further steps inbetween.
stable links to confirmation notes on this wiki of boot using official stable installer
untested means board should boot with stable Debian but unconfirmed
unstable links to confirmed boot using testing/unstable official installer
unstable-untested means board should boot but unconfirmed

TODO

Boxes working with mainline linux and mainline u-boot, but needing changes to Debian packages:

Name	Speed	arch	RAM	disk	battery	SATA	Wifi	Ethernet	OSHW	price	notes
Cubieboard2-Dual	1x2	armhf/sunxi	1	-			-	100		58	needs custom-configured u-boot
ITEAD Core EVB + AW2041	1	armhf/sunxi	1	4	-		-	1000		82	needs u-boot
ITEAD Core EVB + AW2042	1x2	armhf/sunxi	2	4	-		-	1000		97	needs u-boot
Pine64 SOPINE A64	1.2x4	arm64/sunxi	2	-		-	-	1000		43	needs u-boot

Promising

Upcoming boxes looking promising, but not yet available for general sale:

Name	Speed	arch	RAM	disk	battery	SATA	Wifi	Ethernet	OSHW	price	notes
Caninos Loucos Labrador	1.3x4	armhf/amlogic	2	16	-	-	n	100		possibly ~40)

Unsuitable

RaspberryPi: requires nonfree software to start up
RaspberryPi2: requires nonfree software to start up
RaspberryPi3: requires nonfree software to start up
Banana Pi Router: Sold only as board, not with case (and likely too expensive with case added).
Cubieboard4: not yet supported A80 SoC.
Cubieboard6: Sold only as board, not with case.
EOMA68: No ethernet.
Exynos SoC boards: requires nonfree software to boot
MIPS Creator CI20: Sold only as board, not with case

Raspberry Pi boards might become usable if alternative firmware works and gets packaged for Debian.

Devices too expensive not listed here (that'd be a looong list). Some such options are described at a mailinglist post.

Related resources

Kernel

sunxi

Wiring

sunxi

Licensing

OSHW

A hardware equivalent of Debian Free Software Guidelines (DFSG) is OpenSource Hardware (OSHW).

Beware of similar looking labeling like "Open hardware". Might be just a typo, but is often used when e.g. publishing a PDF but not sources for board schematics.

Also beware of boards (correctly) labelled as OSHW, where System-on-Chip is on a non-OSHW daughter board.

Misc

CategoryHardware

-  ⇤ ← Revision 76 as of 2013-06-03 07:01:45 → 
  Size: 10169
  Editor: ?hipboi
  Comment:
+   ← Revision 358 as of 2022-05-22 11:15:38 → ⇥
  Size: 17417
  Editor: JonasSmedegaard
  Comment: drop MIPS Creator CI20 now only available at RS Online without case; drop rename note
-Deletions are marked like this.
+Additions are marked like this.
 Line 1:
+## NB!
## Please keep list vertically aligned to ease maintenance
## - e.g. avoid adding links to board names in 1st row
-Line 3:
+Line 7:
-= Target Hardware =
+= Cheap serverbox Hardware =
-Line 5:
+Line 9:
-Small, cheap boxes.  Ok if e.g. box is missing (can be added later), but not if way off our HardwareRequirements,
or if design goals are clearly different (e.g. price tag above $200).
+Boxes matching or surpassing the (no longer produced) !DreamPlug in price and core features:
-Line 8:
+Line 11:
-|| '''Name''' || '''Speed (GHz)''' || '''Debian arch''' || '''Ram (GB)''' || '''disk (GB)''' || '''CF''' || '''SD''' || '''USB (rev.)''' || '''SATA''' || '''PCI''' || '''Wifi''' || '''Ethernet speed''' || '''boxed''' || '''Open hw''' || '''Price (w/o shipping)''' ||
|| ALIX.2D2             || 0.5 || i386  || ¼ || {X} || (./) ||-||-||-||MiniPCI|| - || 100x2 || {X} || {X} || [[http://www.mini-box.com/Alix-2B-Board-2-LAN-2-MINI-PCI_3|$129]] ||
|| Cubieboard          || 1 || armhf || 1 || 4 ||-|| (./) || 2 || (./) ||-|| - || 100 || (./) || {X} || [[http://cubiestore.com/products/cubieboard-1gb|$49]] ||
|| !CuBox             || 0.8x2 || armhf || 1 || 4 ||-|| (./) || 2 || (./) ||-|| - || 1000 || (./) || {X} || [[http://www.solid-run.com/store/products/1-cubox-miniature-computer|$120]] ||
|| !DreamPlug           || 1.2 || armel || ½ || 2 ||-|| (./) || 2 || (./) ||-|| bg  || 1000x2 || (./) || {X} || [[http://www.globalscaletechnologies.com/p-54-dreamplug-devkit.aspx|$159]] ||
|| !MiraBox               || 1 || armhf || 1 || 1 ||-|| (./) || 3 ||-||PCIe|| bgn || 1000x2 || (./) || {X} || [[http://www.globalscaletechnologies.com/p-58-mirabox-development-kit.aspx|$149]] ||
|| OLinuxIno A10S MICRO   || 1 || armhf || ½ || {X} ||-|| (./) || 2 ||-||-|| - || 100 || {X} || (./) || [[https://www.olimex.com/Products/OLinuXino/A10S/|€45]] ||
|| OLinuxIno A10S MICRO 4GB || 1 || armhf || ½ || 4 ||-|| (./) || 2 ||-||-|| - || 100 || {X} || (./) || [[https://www.olimex.com/Products/OLinuXino/A10S/|€55]] ||
|| OLinuxIno A13          || 1 || armhf || ½ || {X} ||-|| (./) || 2 ||-||-|| - || {X} || {X} || (./) || [[https://www.olimex.com/Products/OLinuXino/A13/|€45]] ||
|| OLinuxIno A13 WIFI     || 1 || armhf || ½ || {X} ||-|| (./) || 2 ||-||-|| bgn || {X} || {X} || (./) || [[https://www.olimex.com/Products/OLinuXino/A13/|€55]] ||
|| OLinuxIno A13 MICRO    || 1 || armhf || ¼ || {X} ||-|| (./) || 2 ||-||-|| - || {X} || {X} || (./) || [[https://www.olimex.com/Products/OLinuXino/A13/|€35]] ||
|| Sheeva Plug            || 1 || armel || ½ || ½ ||-|| (./) || 2 ||-||-|| - || 1000 || (./) || {X} || [[http://www.globalscaletechnologies.com/p-46-sheevaplug-dev-kit.aspx|$99]] ||
|| !TonidoPlug²         || 1.2 || armel || ½ || ½ ||-||-|| 2 || (./) ||-|| bgn || 1000  || (./) || {X} || [[https://store.tonido.com/|$119]] ||
|| Wandboard Solo         || 1 || armhf || ½ || {X} ||-|| (./) || 2 ||-||-|| - || 1000 || {X} || {X} || [[https://www.texim-europe.com/wandboard_order.aspx|€58]] ||
|| Wandboard Dual       || 1x2 || armhf || 1 || {X} ||-|| (./) || 2 ||-||-|| bgn || 1000 || {X} || {X} || [[https://www.texim-europe.com/wandboard_order.aspx|€74]] ||
+ * is supported in Debian (see [[https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/armhf/ch02s01.en.html#armhf-armmp-supported-platforms|stable armhf]] and [[http://d-i.debian.org/manual/en.armhf/ch02s01.html#armhf-armmp-supported-platforms|testing armhf]] release notes, [[https://wiki.debian.org/DebianKernel/ARMMP|ARM multiplatform]] kernel notes, and similar notes for other archs).
 * includes proper case (not simply top and bottom plates)
 * fanless (in normal rooms, also on very hot days)
 * Price incl. case below USD 160
 * min. ½GB ram (for 32bit operation - likely min. 1GB for 64bit)
 * min. 1GHz CPU (for ARMv5 CPUs - different for other CPUs)
 * uSD slot, easy accessible
 * ethernet (proper builtin or on daughterboard, not "toys" like USB-attached or ENC28J60)
-Line 24:
+Line 20:
-== ARM based devices ==
+== Recommended ==
-Line 26:
+Line 22:
-Some work may have been done during an [[Sprints/2011/EmdebianSprint|ARM Sprint]].
+Boxes known to use high quality components and wiring for essential parts.
-Line 28:
+Line 24:
-=== Cortex A8, A9, A15 devices (armhf) ===
+=== NAS ===
-Line 30:
+Line 26:
- * [[http://www.arndaleboard.org/|Arndale board]]
 * [[PandaBoard]]
 * [[http://www.genesi-usa.com/products/efika|EfikaMX Smarttop]] (Discontinued)
 * [[http://www.fit-pc.com/trimslice/|CompuLab Trim-Slice]] see also [[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uG4_NJcvKwM|YouTube video about the Trim-Slice]]
  * CPU: NVIDIA Tegra 2 Dual Core ARM Cortex A9 1GHz with integrated ultra-low power GeForce GPU
  * Memory: 1 GB DDR2-800
  * Storage:
   * - Full size SD (SDHC)
   * - Micro SD (SDHC)
   * - SATA SSD (up to 64GB) 
  * Networking:
   * - 1 GbE
   * - WiFi 802.11n + BT 
  * Display: HDMI 1.3 full-HD + DVI (dual head)
  * Audio: Stereo line-out, line-in, 5.1 digital S/PDIF
  * Video in: PAL/NTSC
  * I/O:
   * - USB2 ports (480 MBps)
   * - USB device
   * - RS232 Serial port 
  * Extension: JTAG, 2 UARTs, SPI
  * Housing: Fanless all-metal nickel-plated die-cast
  * Dimensions: 130mm x 95mm x 15mm – 5.1” x 3.7” x 0.6”
  * Power: 8-16V DC, 3W average 
 * OLinuxIno A13
  * CPU: A13 Cortex A8 processor at 1GHz, 3D Mali400 GPU
  * 512 MB RAM
  * 3 + 1 USB Host, 3 available for users 1 for (optional) WIFI RTL8188CU 802.11n 150Mbit module on board
  * 1 USB OTG which can power the board
  * SD-card connector for booting the Linux image
  * (optional) 4GB NAND flash
  * Display: VGA + independent LCD
  * Audio: stereo line out, microphone in
  * RTC PCF8536 on board for real time clock and alarms
  * UEXT connector for connecting addtional UEXT modules like Zigbee, Bluetooth, Relays, etc
+ * Mainline [[#Kernel|kernel]], covering all essential parts
 * SATA connection, efficiently [[#Wiring|wired]]
 * Gigabit ethernet, efficiently [[#Wiring|wired]]
-Line 66:
+Line 30:
-=== ARMv4t, ARMv5 and ARMv6 devices (armel) ===
+||'''Name'''||'''Speed'''||'''arch'''||'''RAM'''||'''disk'''||'''battery'''||'''SATA'''||'''Wifi'''||'''Ethernet'''||'''[[#OSHW|OSHW]]'''||'''price'''||'''stability'''||
||Banana Pro              ||1x2||armhf/sunxi     ||1||-|| -    || (./)    ||n ||1000  || {X}  ||[[http://www.eleduino.com/Banana-pro-devboard-p10522.html|55]]||[[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Stable|stable]]||
||Cubieboard3/Cubietruck  ||1x2||armhf/sunxi     ||2||8|| (./) || (./)    ||n ||1000  || {X}  ||[[http://www.eleduino.com/Cubieboard-3-Cubietruck-Devboard-Base-kit-p10417.html|86]]||[[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Stable|stable]]||
||ESPRESSObin V7        ||1.2x2||arm64/armada    ||2||-|| -    || (./)    ||- ||1000x3|| {X}  ||[[https://globalscaletechnologies.com/product/espressobin/|79]]||
||OLinuXino A20 LIME2     ||1x2||armhf/sunxi     ||1||-|| (./) || (./)    ||- ||1000  || (./) ||[[https://www.olimex.com/Products/OLinuXino/A20/|51]]||[[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Stable|stable]]||
-Line 68:
+Line 36:
- * Plug Computer 3.0
  * 2.0 Ghz ARMv5 CPU (Marvell Kirkwood 88F6281)
  * 512 MB Nand Flash
  * Integrated Marvell WiFi and Bluetooth, both work in accesspoint mode or client mode.
  * Replaceable 120 GB Internal 1.8 esata drive or 160 GB, 2.5 esata drive (depending on the Vendor). The 2.5 drive is most economical and replaceable without any additional tools.
  * Gigabit Ethernet and USB 2.0
+=== Cheap ===
-Line 75:
+Line 38:
- * !SheevaPlug/GuruPlug (See [[GuruPlugTesting]] for installation instructions.)
  * 1.2 Ghz ARMv5 CPU (Marvell Kirkwood 88F6281)
  * 512 MB Nand Flash
  * Integrated Marvell WiFi and Bluetooth, both work in accesspoint mode or client mode.
  * Gigabit Ethernet and USB 2.0
  * Issues: hardware revisions of the Guruplug had heat issues, power supply burn out for SheevaPlug
+ * Mainline [[#Kernel|kernel]], covering all essential parts
 * 100 Megabit ethernet, efficiently [[#Wiring|wired]]
 * Price incl. case below USD 50
-Line 83:
+Line 42:
- * [[http://www.globalscaletechnologies.com/t-dreamplugdetails.aspx|DreamPlug]] (See [[FreedomBox/DreamPlug]] for actual use experimentation.) [[http://lists.alioth.debian.org/pipermail/freedombox-discuss/2011-June/001682.html|Bdale Garbee]] disclosed "... the foundation has ordered a number of these to use for development and to meet the commitments made to our Kickstarter donor group.  More on this later."
  * 1.2 Ghz ARMv5 CPU (Marvell Kirkwood 88F6281)
  * 512MB 16bit DDR2 @800 MHz
  * internal 2gb microSDHC card for OS and storage
  * Full size SDHC card slot
  * eSATA port
  * JTAG/UART ports for external board
  * Integrated Marvell WiFi b/g and Bluetooth, both work in accesspoint mode or client mode.
  * dual Gigabit Ethernet and 2x USB 2.0
  * Audio: Stereo line-out, line-in, 5.1 digital S/PDIF
+||'''Name'''||'''Speed'''||'''arch'''||'''RAM'''||'''disk'''||'''battery'''||'''SATA'''||'''Wifi'''||'''Ethernet'''||'''[[#OSHW|OSHW]]'''||'''price'''||'''stability'''||
||!BeagleBone Green       ||1  ||armhf/omap      ||½||4|| -    || -       ||- ||100   || (./) ||[[https://www.seeedstudio.com/Seeed-Studio-BeagleBone-Green.html|54]]||
||OLinuXino A10 LIME      ||1  ||armhf/sunxi     ||½||-|| (./) || (./)    ||- ||100   || (./) ||[[https://www.olimex.com/Products/OLinuXino/A10/|36]]||[[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Stable|stable]]||
||OLinuXino A20 LIME      ||1x2||armhf/sunxi     ||½||-|| (./) || (./)    ||- ||100   || (./) ||[[https://www.olimex.com/Products/OLinuXino/A20/|44]]||[[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Stable|stable]]||
||OLinuXino A64-1G        ||1.2x4||arm64/sunxi   ||1||-|| (./) || -       ||- ||1000  || (./) ||[[https://www.olimex.com/Products/OLinuXino/A64/A64-OLinuXino/|47]]||
-Line 94:
+Line 48:
- * [[http://www.globalscaletechnologies.com/c-8-d2plug.aspx|D2Plug]]
  * 800MHz Marvell PXA510 (ARM v6/v7 compliant superscalar processor)
  * 1GB DDR3-800 x32 bus
  * Boot from SPI NOR Flash
  * Linux OS and Ubuntu rootfs in 8GB eMMC
  * 1 x Ethernet 10/100/1000 Mbps
  * 2 x USB 2.0 Host port
  * 1 x eSATAp – Powered eSATA & USB 2.0 Host combo port
  * 1 x USB 2.0 Device port
  * 1 x SD card slot
  * 1 x HDMI 1080p Output port with CEC
  * 1 x VGA Output port
  * 1 x Audio Line Out
  * 1 x MIC IN
  * 1 x S/PDIF optical out
  * 1 x Console port (USB)
  * 1 x JTAG connector
  * Integrated 802.11 b/g/n Wi-Fi & BT 3.0 + HS
+== Adequate ==
-Line 113:
+Line 50:
- * [[http://www.tonidoplug.com/tonido_plug.html|TonidoPlug]]
  * Similar specs to !SheevaPlug
  * 1.2 Ghz ARMv5 CPU (Marvell Kirkwood 88F6281)
  * 512 MB Nand Flash
  * Gigabit Ethernet and USB 2.0
  * Can easily boot from USB drive (making dev efforts easier; just plug in filesystem)
+Boxes less ideal - either more expensive or possibly using less than ideal components or wiring for essential parts.
-Line 120:
+Line 52:
- * [[http://www.open-rd.org/|Open-RD]]
  
 * NSLU2 (Discontinued)
+||'''Name'''||'''Speed'''||'''arch'''||'''RAM'''||'''disk'''||'''battery'''||'''SATA'''||'''Wifi'''||'''Ethernet'''||'''[[#OSHW|OSHW]]'''||'''price'''||'''stability'''||
||APU.2e0                 ||1x4||amd64           ||2||-|| -    || (./)    ||- ||1000x2|| {X}  ||[[https://www.pcengines.ch/newshop.php?c=4|105]]||
||APU.2e2                 ||1x4||amd64           ||2||-|| -    || (./)    ||- ||1000x3|| {X}  ||[[https://www.pcengines.ch/newshop.php?c=4|113]]||
||APU.2e4                 ||1x4||amd64           ||4||-|| -    || (./)    ||- ||1000x3|| {X}  ||[[https://www.pcengines.ch/newshop.php?c=4|125]]||
||APU.3c2                 ||1x4||amd64           ||2||-|| -    || (./)    ||- ||1000x3|| {X}  ||[[https://www.pcengines.ch/newshop.php?c=4|115]]||
||APU.3c4                 ||1x4||amd64           ||4||-|| -    || (./)    ||- ||1000x3|| {X}  ||[[https://www.pcengines.ch/newshop.php?c=4|125]]||
||APU.4d2                 ||1x4||amd64           ||2||-|| -    || (./)    ||- ||1000x3|| {X}  ||[[https://www.pcengines.ch/newshop.php?c=4|119]]||
||APU.4d4                 ||1x4||amd64           ||4||-|| -    || (./)    ||- ||1000x3|| {X}  ||[[https://www.pcengines.ch/newshop.php?c=4|130]]||
||!BeagleBone Black C     ||1  ||armhf/omap      ||½||4|| -    || -       ||- ||100   || (./) ||[[https://www.adafruit.com/product/1996|65]]||
||!BeagleBone Enhanced 512||1  ||armhf/omap      ||½||4|| -    || -       ||n ||1000  || (./) ||[[https://www.sancloud.co.uk/store/buy-beaglebone-enhanced-wifi-512|62]]||
||!BeagleBone Enhanced 1G ||1  ||armhf/omap      ||1||4|| -    || -       ||n ||1000  || (./) ||[[https://www.sancloud.co.uk/store/buy-beaglebone-enhanced-wifi-1g-onboard-antenna|79]]||
||Cubieboard1             ||1  ||armhf/sunxi     ||1||4|| (./) || (./)    ||- ||100   || {X}  ||[[http://www.eleduino.com/Cubieboard1-A10-Cortex-A8-Mini-PC-Development-Board-p10437.html|56]]||[[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Stable|stable]]||
||Cubieboard2             ||1x2||armhf/sunxi     ||1||4|| (./) || (./)    ||- ||100   || {X}  ||[[http://www.eleduino.com/Cubieboard2-Dual-core-A20-Mini-PC-Devboard-base-kit-p10418.html|64]]||[[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Stable|stable]]||
||Cubieboard5/Cubietruck+ ||2x8||armhf/sunxi     ||2||8|| (./) ||( (./) ) ||n ||1000  || {X}  ||[[http://www.eleduino.com/Cubieboard-5-CubieTruck-plus-Devboard-p10560.html|117]]||[[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Stable_untested|untested]]||
||!CuBox i1               ||1  ||armhf/imx   ||½||8|| -    || -       ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://shop.solid-run.com/product/SRMX6SOW00D512E008X00CE/|80]]||
||!CuBox i2               ||1x2||armhf/imx   ||1||8|| -    || -       ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://shop.solid-run.com/product/SRMX6DLW00D01GE008X00CE/|90]]||
||!CuBox i2eX             ||1x2||armhf/imx   ||1||8|| -    || (./)    ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://shop.solid-run.com/product/SRMX6DUW00D01GE008X00CE/|100]]||
||!CuBox i4Pro            ||1x4||armhf/imx   ||2||8|| -    || (./)    ||n ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://shop.solid-run.com/product/SRMX6QDWT1D02GE008X00CE/|120]]||
||CuBoxTV 1GB             ||1x4||armhf/imx   ||1||-|| -    || (./)    ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[http://cuboxtv.com/product/cuboxtv/|100]]||
||CuBoxTV 2GB             ||1x4||armhf/imx   ||2||-|| -    || (./)    ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[http://cuboxtv.com/product/cuboxtv-2gb/|130]]||
||!HummingBoard Edge Solo ||1  ||armhf/imx   ||½||8|| -    || (./)    ||- ||100   || {X}  ||[[https://shop.solid-run.com/product/SRMX6SOW00D512E008E00CE/|132]]||
||!HummingBoard Edge Dual-lite ||1x2||armhf/imx   ||1||8|| - || (./)  ||- ||100   || {X}  ||[[https://shop.solid-run.com/product/SRMX6DLW00D01GE008E00CE/|156]]||
||!HummingBoard Gate Solo ||1  ||armhf/imx   ||½||8|| -    || -       ||- ||100   || {X}  ||[[https://shop.solid-run.com/product/SRMX6SOW00D512E008G00CE/|117]]||
||!HummingBoard Gate Dual-lite ||1x2||armhf/imx   ||1||8|| - || -     ||- ||100   || {X}  ||[[https://shop.solid-run.com/product/SRMX6DLW00D01GE008G00CE/|141]]||
||Intel NUC 7CJYH         ||2  ||amd64          ||+8||4|| -    || (./)    ||n ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://www.walmart.com/ip/Intel-NUC-NUC7CJYH-Desktop-Computer-Celeron-J4005-2-GHz-DDR4-SDRAM-Mini-PC-UHD-Graphics-600-Wireless-LAN-Bluetooth-HDMI-6-x-Total-USB-Port-s/294899388|126]]||
||!MiraBox                ||1  ||armhf/armada    ||1||1|| -    || (USB3)  ||n ||1000x2|| {X}  ||[[http://www.globalscaletechnologies.com/p-58-mirabox-development-kit.aspx|149]]||
||ODroid C1+            ||1.5x4||armhf/amlogic   ||1||-|| (./) || -       ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://www.hardkernel.com/shop/odroid-c1/|40]]||
||ODroid C2         ||1.5x4→2x1||armhf/amlogic   ||2||-|| (./) || -       ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://www.hardkernel.com/shop/odroid-c2/|51]]||
||OLinuXino A20 MICRO     ||1x2||armhf/sunxi     ||1||-|| (./) || (./)    ||- ||100   || (./) ||[[https://www.olimex.com/Products/OLinuXino/A20/|56]]||[[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Stable|stable]]||
||OLinuXino A642Ge8G-IND  ||1.2x4||arm64/sunxi   ||2||16|| (./) || -       ||- ||1000  || (./) ||[[https://www.olimex.com/Products/OLinuXino/A64/A64-OLinuXino/|83]]||
||pcDuino 3S              ||1x2||armhf/sunxi     ||1||4|| -    || -       ||- ||100   || {X}  ||[[https://store.linksprite.com/pcduino3s-a20-single-board-computer-no-power-supply-or-hdmi-cable/|89]]||[[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Stable_untested|untested]]||
||Pine64 PINE A64-LTS   ||1.2x4||arm64/sunxi     ||2||-|| (./) || -       ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://store.pine64.org/product/pine-a64-lts/|40]]||[[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Stable_untested|untested]]||
||Pine64 ROCK64 1GB     ||1.5x4||arm64/rk  ||1||-|| (./) || (USB3)  ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://store.pine64.org/product/rock64-media-board-computer/|33]]||
||Pine64 ROCK64 2GB     ||1.5x4||arm64/rk  ||2||-|| (./) || (USB3)  ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://store.pine64.org/product/rock64-media-board-computer/|43]]||
||Pine64 ROCK64 4GB     ||1.5x4||arm64/rk  ||4||-|| (./) || (USB3)  ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://store.pine64.org/product/rock64-media-board-computer/|53]]||
||ROCK Pi 4 A 1GB ||1.8x2+1.4x2||arm64/rk  ||1||-|| -   ||(M.2+USB3)||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://www.seeedstudio.com/ROCK-Pi-4-Model-A-1GB-p-4149.html|44]]||
||ROCK Pi 4 B 1GB ||1.8x2+1.4x2||arm64/rk  ||1||-|| -   ||(M.2+USB3)||n ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://www.seeedstudio.com/ROCK-Pi-4-Model-B-1GB-p-4148.html|54]]||
||ROCK Pi 4 A 2GB ||1.8x2+1.4x2||arm64/rk  ||2||-|| -   ||(M.2+USB3)||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://www.seeedstudio.com/ROCK-Pi-4-Model-A-2GB-p-4151.html|54]]||
||ROCK Pi 4 B 2GB ||1.8x2+1.4x2||arm64/rk  ||2||-|| -   ||(M.2+USB3)||n ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://www.seeedstudio.com/ROCK-Pi-4-Model-B-2GB-p-4139.html|64]]||
||ROCK Pi 4 A 4GB ||1.8x2+1.4x2||arm64/rk  ||4||-|| -   ||(M.2+USB3)||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://www.seeedstudio.com/ROCK-Pi-4-Model-A-4GB-p-4136.html|70]]||
||ROCK Pi 4 B 4GB ||1.8x2+1.4x2||arm64/rk  ||4||-|| -   ||(M.2+USB3)||n ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://www.seeedstudio.com/ROCK-Pi-4-Model-B-4GB-p-4137.html|80]]||
||Rock960 4GB     ||1.8x2+1.4x4||arm64/rk  ||4||32|| -  ||(M.2+USB3)||ac||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://www.seeedstudio.com/Rock960-Board-Based-on-the-RK3399-SoC-4GB-RAM-Version-p-3125.html|139]]||unstable-untested||
||Rock960c 1GB    ||1.8x2+1.4x4||arm64/rk  ||1||-|| -   ||(M.2+USB3)||ac||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://store.vamrs.com/collections/new/products/rock960-model-c|69]]||
||Sheeva64              ||1.2x2||arm64/armada    ||1||4|| -    || .       ||- ||1000x2|| {X}  ||[[https://www.globalscaletechnologies.com/p-86-sheeva64.aspx|89]]||
||Up Board A10-0116       ||1.9||amd64          ||1||16|| -    || (USB3)  ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://up-shop.org/up-boards/272-up-board.html|107]]||
||Up Board A10-0232       ||1.9||amd64          ||2||32|| -    || (USB3)  ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://up-shop.org/up-boards/272-up-board.html|127]]||
||Utilite Value           ||1  ||armhf/imx   ||½||4|| -    || -       ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[http://utilite-computer.com/web/order-utilite-direct|134]]||
||Wandboard Solo          ||1  ||armhf/imx   ||½||-|| -    || -       ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://shop.technexion.com/wb-imx6s-bw.html|98]]||
||Wandboard Dual          ||1x2||armhf/imx   ||1||-|| -    || -       ||n ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://shop.technexion.com/wb-imx6u-bw.html|118]]||
||Wandboard Quad          ||1x4||armhf/imx   ||2||-|| -    || (./)    ||n ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://shop.technexion.com/wb-imx6q-bw.html|138]]||
-Line 124:
+Line 103:
- * [[http://www.fon.com/en/|Fonera 2.0n]]
  * Slow and very limited memory (64MB)
+Legend:
 . '''+''' at RAM size indicates replaceable option.
 . '''b'''/'''a'''/'''g'''/'''n'''/'''ac'''/'''ax''' at Wifi indicates newest supported protocol [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11#Generations|generation]]
 . '''+''' at Ethernet indicates switch ports
 . '''( (./) )''' at SATA indicates inferior USB bridge interface
 . '''(USB3)''' at SATA indicates ''no'' SATA but arguably usable SATA3 interface instead
 . '''→''' at Speed means "from to", i.e. "1.5x4→2x1" means that 1.5 GHz with 4 cores as well as 2 GHz with 1 core is possible — and potentially further steps inbetween.
 . '''stable''' links to confirmation notes on this wiki of boot using official stable installer
 . '''untested''' means board ''should'' boot with stable Debian but unconfirmed
 . '''unstable''' links to confirmed boot using testing/unstable official installer
 . '''unstable-untested''' means board ''should'' boot but unconfirmed
-Line 127:
+Line 115:
- * QNAP TS 119 NAS [[http://freedomboxblog.nl/about/hardware/|(FreedomBox edition)]]
  * Marvell 6281 1.2GHz (Kirkwood)
  * 512MB DDRII RAM
  * 16MB Flash
  * 1 x Gigabit RJ-45 Ethernet port
  * 3 x USB 2.0 port (Front: 1; Back: 2)
  * Fanless, heat dissipation by aluminum case
  * 11 watt idle power with 1 TB HD
  * NAS = built to run 24/7 for years
  * Warranty 1 year.
  * Officially supported by Debian GNU/Linux
+== TODO ==
-Line 139:
+Line 117:
- * [[http://www.raspberrypi.org/ | Raspberry PI]]
  * 700MHz ARM11
  * 128MB of SDRAM
  * OpenGL ES 2.0
  * 1080p30 H.264 high-profile decode
  * Composite and HDMI video output
  * USB 2.0
  * SD/MMC/SDIO memory card slot
  * General-purpose I/O
  * Target price : $25
+Boxes working with mainline linux and mainline u-boot,
but needing changes to Debian packages:
-Line 151:
+Line 120:
+||''Name''||''Speed''||''arch''||''RAM''||''disk''||''battery''||''SATA''||''Wifi''||''Ethernet''||''OSHW''||''price''||'''notes'''||
||Cubieboard2-Dual        ||1x2||armhf/sunxi     ||1||-|| (./) || (./)    ||- ||100   || {X}  ||[[http://www.eleduino.com/Cubieboard2-Dual-mirco-SD-Card-version-Development-Board-p10421.html|58]]||needs [[https://github.com/armbian/build/issues/114|custom-configured u-boot]]||
||ITEAD Core EVB + AW2041 ||1  ||armhf/sunxi     ||1||4|| -    || (./)    ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://www.itead.cc/itead-core-evb.html|82]]||needs [[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Unsupported_bootstrapping|u-boot]]||
||ITEAD Core EVB + AW2042 ||1x2||armhf/sunxi     ||2||4|| -    || (./)    ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://www.itead.cc/itead-core-evb.html|97]]||needs [[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Unsupported_bootstrapping|u-boot]]||
||Pine64 SOPINE A64     ||1.2x4||arm64/sunxi     ||2||-|| (./) || -       ||- ||1000  || {X}  ||[[https://store.pine64.org/product/sopine-a64-baseboard-combo/|43]]||needs [[InstallingDebianOn/Allwinner#Unsupported_bootstrapping|u-boot]]||
-Line 152:
+Line 126:
-== x86 based devices ==
+== Promising ==
-Line 154:
+Line 128:
- * [[InstallingDebianOn/FitPC|FitPC]]
+Upcoming boxes looking promising, but not yet available for general sale:
-Line 156:
+Line 130:
- * [[http://www.pcengines.ch/alix.htm|ALIX]] and [[http://soekris.com/|Soekris boards]]
+||''Name''||''Speed''||''arch''||''RAM''||''disk''||''battery''||''SATA''||''Wifi''||''Ethernet''||''OSHW''||''price''||'''notes'''||
||Caninos Loucos Labrador ||1.3x4||armhf/amlogic ||2||16|| - || -    ||n       ||100      || {X}    ||[[https://caninosloucos.org/en/|possibly ~40)]]||
-Line 158:
+Line 133:
- * [[http://www.norhtec.com/products/|MicroClient]] (VESA mounting format case) and [[http://www.phys.ethz.ch/~abe/MicroClientJr/|derivatives]] (German only page for now, sorry)
+== Unsuitable ==
-Line 160:
+Line 135:
- * [[http://www.foxconnchannel.com/|Foxconn Electronics Inc.]]  [[http://www.foxconnchannel.com/product/Barebones/nT-535/index.html|nT- 535]]
  * Intel D525 Dual core 1.8GHz
  * 1x SO-DIMM Socket Supports DDR3 800 up to 4GB
  * Intel®Graphics Media Accelerator 3150
  * 1x 2.5" SATA II 3Gb/s
  * 1x SD/SDHC/MS/MS Pro/MMC 5 in 1 Card Reader
  * 2x USB 2.0
  * 1x Mic in (support S/PDIF-IN)
  * 1x Headphone
  * 1x RJ-45 (10Base-T/100Base-T/1000Base-T)
  * 4x USB 2.0
  * 1x Line-out jack.(support S/PDIF-OUT)
  * 1x HDMI
  * 1x VGA
  * 1x DC in
  * IEEE 802.11b/g/n up to 300Mbps (Dual Antenna)
  * Bluetooth 2.1+EDR (Optional)
+  * RaspberryPi: [[https://libreplanet.org/wiki/Group:Hardware/Single_Board_Computers#Single-board_computers_with_fatal_flaws|requires nonfree software to start up]]
  * RaspberryPi2: [[https://libreplanet.org/wiki/Group:Hardware/Single_Board_Computers#Single-board_computers_with_fatal_flaws|requires nonfree software to start up]]
  * RaspberryPi3: [[https://libreplanet.org/wiki/Group:Hardware/Single_Board_Computers#Single-board_computers_with_fatal_flaws|requires nonfree software to start up]]
  * Banana Pi Router: Sold only as board, not with case (and likely too expensive with case added).
  * Cubieboard4: not yet supported A80 SoC.
  * Cubieboard6: Sold only as board, not with case.
  * [[http://rhombus-tech.net/|EOMA68]]: No ethernet.
  * Exynos SoC boards: [[https://libreplanet.org/wiki/Group:Hardware/Single_Board_Computers#Single-board_computers_with_fatal_flaws|requires nonfree software to boot]]
  * MIPS Creator CI20: Sold only as board, not with case
-Line 178:
+Line 145:
- * Generic i386/amd64 PCs or any general purpose computer should also be to run the Freedombox OS, but they are not the primary targets
+Raspberry Pi boards might become usable
if [[http://crna.cc/b/11|alternative]] [[https://github.com/christinaa/rpi-open-firmware/issues/37#issuecomment-388551489|firmware]] works
and gets packaged for Debian.
-Line 180:
+Line 149:
-== MIPS based devices ==

  * [[http://www.lemote.com/en/products/mini-computer/2010/0310/111.html|Fulong Mini-PC]] ([[https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/Lemote#Fuloong_2_series|Wikipedia entry]])
+Devices too expensive not listed here (that'd be a looong list).
Some such options are described at [[https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2017/09/msg00202.html|a mailinglist post]].
-Line 186:
+Line 154:
-See [[http://libreplanet.org/wiki/Group:Hardware/Processors|libreplanet processor review]] for list of processors, pricing (where found), features including Treacherous-capability, FSF Hardware Endorsement Criteria capability etc.
+=== Kernel ===
-Line 188:
+Line 156:
-Some benchmark comparison between different processor famillies, which might help in deciding which platform would best fit the requirements can be found [[http://vanshardware.com/2010/08/mirror-the-coming-war-arm-versus-x86/|here]]
+ * [[http://linux-sunxi.org/Linux_mainlining_effort#Status_Matrix|sunxi]]
-Line 190:
+Line 158:
-Hardware list from the !PlugApps project [[http://www.plugapps.com/index.php5/Portal:Hardware|here]]. Good overview of differences in !SheevaPlug-class devices.
+=== Wiring ===
-Line 192:
+Line 160:
+ * [[http://linux-sunxi.org/Sunxi_devices_as_NAS#Requirements_.2F_which_device_to_choose|sunxi]]

=== Licensing ===

==== OSHW ====

A hardware equivalent of Debian Free Software Guidelines (DFSG) is [[OpenSourceHardware|OpenSource Hardware]] (OSHW).

Beware of similar looking labeling like "Open hardware".
Might be just a typo, but is often used when e.g. publishing a PDF but not sources for board schematics.

Also beware of boards (correctly) labelled as OSHW,
where System-on-Chip is on a non-OSHW daughter board.

=== Misc ===

  * [[FreedomBox/Hardware|FreedomBox Hardware List]]
  * [[https://www.board-db.org/|SBC database]]
  * [[https://www.fsf.org/resources/hw/single-board-computers|FSF article about SBCs]]
  * [[https://forum.armbian.com/index.php/topic/1925-some-storage-benchmarks-on-sbcs/#entry15318|brief comparison of ARM boards for NAS use]]
  * https://libreplanet.org/wiki/Group:Hardware/Freest
  * https://libreplanet.org/wiki/Group:Hardware/Single_Board_Computers
  * http://rhombus-tech.net/evaluated_cpus/
  * [[https://marcin.juszkiewicz.com.pl/2016/07/25/aarch64-desktop-hardware/|discussion mid-2016 on the state of decent consumer-grade 64-bt ARM boards]]
-Line 194:
+Line 186:
-CategoryFreedomBox CategoryFrHardware
+CategoryHardware

Diff for "CheapServerBoxHardware"