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## Auto-converted by kwiki2moinmoin v2005-10-07
["Hardware"]
-------
You can use many video players on Debian to read video DVDs, including ["Xine"] (or players with a Xine backend, such as totem-xine) or ["MPlayer"] . Most DVDs will require the installation of libdvdread3, either using ["Synaptic"] or ["Apt"]:		 #language en
||<tablestyle="width: 100%;" style="border: 0px hidden">~-[[DebianWiki/EditorGuide#translation|Translation(s)]]: English - [[it/CDDVD|Italiano]]-~||<style="text-align: right;border: 0px hidden"> (!) [[/Discussion|Discussion]]||
----
## If your page gets really long, uncomment this Table of Contents
<<TableOfContents(2)>>

== Devices ==

CD/DVD units are generally detected as /dev/hd* (i.e. if you have two hard disk and a DVD unit, /dev/hdc can be the DVD).

== DVD ==
You can use many video players on Debian to read video DVDs, including [[Xine]] (or players with a Xine backend, such as totem-xine) or [[MPlayer]]. Most DVDs will require the installation of libdvdread3:
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libdvdcss2 is often required for decryption of many DVDs. This cannot be obtained from the Debian repositories due to the licence restrictions in various countries. It can be downloaded from other sources, such as debian-multimedia.org. However, the easiest way is to execute the following command as ["root"]: libdvdcss2 is often required for decryption of many DVDs. This cannot be obtained from the Debian repositories due to the licence restrictions in various countries. It can be downloaded from other sources, such as debian-multimedia.org. Please read this file {{{/usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/README.Debian}}} and [[#libdvdcss2]] below.
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== CD ==
=== CDROM ===
<!> Beware! Much of this is '''old information'''. In the age of ''devfs'' and ''udev'' (or kernel version 2.6), you may not even have an (eg.) {{{/dev/hdc}}} if your drive isn't in the machine when you boot. As of Sarge, they're intended to be used as so:{{{
(1) infidel /home/keeling_ ls -al /media
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 1024 2005-11-08 15:49 .
drwxr-xr-x 23 root root 1024 2005-11-03 19:24 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 6 2005-11-03 18:12 cdrom -> cdrom0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2005-11-03 18:12 cdrom0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 6 2005-11-08 15:49 cdrom1 -> cdrom0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 2005-11-03 18:12 floppy -> floppy0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2005-11-03 18:12 floppy0
}}}
Furthermore, use of ''SCSI'' emulation drivers for ''ATAPI'' interfaces is ''deprecated''. Instead, you can (and should) use the correct device name directly:{{{
cdrecord speed=8 dev=/dev/hdc -eject -tao -data /scratch/iso/track_01.img
}}}
----
=== Naming ===
The IDE CD units are called /dev/scd0 (for the first unit) and /dev/scd1 (for the second) in linux


=== Detecting and mounting ===
Use to detect your CD/DVD units:
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# /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/install-css.sh cdrecord -scanbus
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See also:
 * ["Burner"] (CD/DVD).
 * ["CDROM"]
To check which special file /dev/cdrom is a [[SymLink|symlink]] to (i.e. /dev/hdc or /dev/scd0), type:
{{{
ls -al /dev/cdrom*
}}}

To allow some users to play music CDs on the CD-ROM drive, do: 'chgrp cdrom /dev/hdc' ( If it is hdc) or if it is something else (i.e. /dev/scd0) do the corresponding thing. Then type 'addgroup USER_ID cdrom' to allow the user to play music CDs. Changing the group of /dev/hdc (or scd0 or whatever) is necessary, because otherwise you would need to add the user to group disk, which is bad for security.

You can allow any user mount cdrom adding to [[fstab]]:
{{{
/dev/cdrom /mnt/auto/cdrom iso9660 noauto,users,ro 0 0
}}}

You can see if fstab points to the right device typing:
{{{
dmesg | grep ATAPI
}}}

== FAQ ==
==== 4GB per File limitation ====
Writing _file_ larger than 4GB on an iso-9660 dvd is tricky (read [[WikiPedia:ISO_9660#The_2.2F4_GiB_file_size_limit|wikipedia]]). The easiest way might be to use UDF.
 * Debian's mkisofs (genisoimage) might be limited to 4GB (read [[http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/genisoimage-cant-make-iso-with-file-4g-581814/|this]]).

<<Anchor(ConvertingDVD)>>
==== Converting DVD ====
 * [[http://lucasmanual.com/mywiki/DVD9toDVD5]] Dual layer (9G) Video DVD into single layer DVD (4.7G)
 * [[http://lucasmanual.com/mywiki/DVD9toAVI]] Convert DVD Video into AVI file.

<<Anchor(libdvdcss2)>>
==== Reading encrypted DVDs ====
Some Video DVD are scrambled, and you need a library (libdvdcss2) to read them:

 * Add the repository from http://www.debian-multimedia.org/debian-m.php to your:
{{{
/etc/apt/source.list
}}}
 * Add mirror like deb http://mirrors.ecology.uni-kiel.de/debian/debian-multimedia {stable,etch,testing,lenny,unstable,sid} main (for my version it would be:
{{{
deb http://enternix.physik.uni-kiel.de/debian-multimedia/ stable main
}}}

Optionally add the [[http://www.debian-multimedia.org/faq.php#q1|GPG key]].
##{{{
##wget http://www.debian-multimedia.org/pool/main/d/debian-multimedia-keyring/debian-multimedia-keyring_2007.02.14_all.deb
##dpkg -i debian-multimedia-keyring_2007.02.14_all.deb
##}}}

Note that with adding this repository, you will see further different versions (e.g. Audacity) from this site.
Alternatively, you can download the file ''libdvdcss'' directly from http://download.videolan.org/pub/libdvdcss/ .

 * Now install a dvd player called xine:
{{{
aptitude update
aptitude install xine-ui
}}}
 * Install library that helps programs read DVDs:
{{{
aptitude search libdvdcss2
}}}
 * Now install windows file format support:
{{{
aptitude install w32codecs
}}}
 * On amd64 (64 bit) architecture install:
{{{
aptitude install w64codecs
}}}

== See also: ==
 * [[Burner|CD/DVD Burner]]
 * [[CDDVDTools|CD/DVD Tools]]
----
 * http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialSysAdmin.html#MOUNTCD
 * http://www.justlinux.com/nhf/Hardware/Adding_an_IDE_CD-Writer_to_Linux.html
 * http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/CDROM-HOWTO/ The Linux CD-ROM !HowTo
 * http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Hardware-HOWTO/cdrom.html Compatibility !HowTo
 * http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Filesystems-HOWTO-8.html 9660 [[FileSystem]].
 * http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Bootdisk-HOWTO/cd-roms.html Bootable CD-ROM !HowTo
 * http://wiki.debian.org/DebianInstaller/SataAtapiHowto

Translation(s): English - Italiano

(!) ?Discussion

Contents

  1. Devices
  2. DVD
  3. CD
  4. FAQ
  5. See also:

Devices

CD/DVD units are generally detected as /dev/hd* (i.e. if you have two hard disk and a DVD unit, /dev/hdc can be the DVD).

DVD

You can use many video players on Debian to read video DVDs, including ?Xine (or players with a Xine backend, such as totem-xine) or MPlayer. Most DVDs will require the installation of libdvdread3: 

# apt-get install libdvdread3

libdvdcss2 is often required for decryption of many DVDs. This cannot be obtained from the Debian repositories due to the licence restrictions in various countries. It can be downloaded from other sources, such as debian-multimedia.org. Please read this file /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/README.Debian and #libdvdcss2 below.

CD

CDROM

<!> Beware! Much of this is old information. In the age of devfs and udev (or kernel version 2.6), you may not even have an (eg.) /dev/hdc if your drive isn't in the machine when you boot. As of Sarge, they're intended to be used as so:

(1) infidel /home/keeling_ ls -al /media    
total 4
drwxr-xr-x   4 root root 1024 2005-11-08 15:49 .
drwxr-xr-x  23 root root 1024 2005-11-03 19:24 ..
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    6 2005-11-03 18:12 cdrom -> cdrom0
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 1024 2005-11-03 18:12 cdrom0
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    6 2005-11-08 15:49 cdrom1 -> cdrom0
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    7 2005-11-03 18:12 floppy -> floppy0
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 1024 2005-11-03 18:12 floppy0

Furthermore, use of SCSI emulation drivers for ATAPI interfaces is deprecated. Instead, you can (and should) use the correct device name directly:

cdrecord speed=8 dev=/dev/hdc -eject -tao -data /scratch/iso/track_01.img

Naming

The IDE CD units are called /dev/scd0 (for the first unit) and /dev/scd1 (for the second) in linux

Detecting and mounting

Use to detect your CD/DVD units: 

cdrecord -scanbus

To check which special file /dev/cdrom is a symlink to (i.e. /dev/hdc or /dev/scd0), type: 

ls -al /dev/cdrom*

To allow some users to play music CDs on the CD-ROM drive, do: 'chgrp cdrom /dev/hdc' ( If it is hdc) or if it is something else (i.e. /dev/scd0) do the corresponding thing. Then type 'addgroup USER_ID cdrom' to allow the user to play music CDs. Changing the group of /dev/hdc (or scd0 or whatever) is necessary, because otherwise you would need to add the user to group disk, which is bad for security.

You can allow any user mount cdrom adding to fstab: 

/dev/cdrom /mnt/auto/cdrom iso9660 noauto,users,ro 0 0

You can see if fstab points to the right device typing: 

dmesg | grep ATAPI

FAQ

4GB per File limitation

Writing _file_ larger than 4GB on an iso-9660 dvd is tricky (read wikipedia). The easiest way might be to use UDF.

  • Debian's mkisofs (genisoimage) might be limited to 4GB (read this).

Converting DVD

Reading encrypted DVDs

Some Video DVD are scrambled, and you need a library (libdvdcss2) to read them: 

/etc/apt/source.list

deb http://enternix.physik.uni-kiel.de/debian-multimedia/ stable main

Optionally add the GPG key.

Note that with adding this repository, you will see further different versions (e.g. Audacity) from this site. Alternatively, you can download the file libdvdcss directly from http://download.videolan.org/pub/libdvdcss/ .

  • Now install a dvd player called xine: 

aptitude update
aptitude install xine-ui
  • Install library that helps programs read DVDs: 

aptitude search libdvdcss2
  • Now install windows file format support: 

aptitude install w32codecs
  • On amd64 (64 bit) architecture install: 

aptitude install w64codecs

See also: