Authenticating Debian & Samba to Active Directory 
- This walkthrough is designed to give instructions for configuring Linux servers/clients to authenticate to Active Directory. The purpose is to join a Linux samba server and a Linux client to an existing AD structure. The samba connects seamlessly for Windows and Linux users alike. The walkthrough is broken into two sections and is available in via the links below.
Linux Samba Configuration: ?samba
Debian Samba server connecting to Active directory
1. Installing software
The first thing that you need to do is to install the required packages.
- #aptitude update #aptitude upgrade #aptitude install samba smbclient winbind krb5-doc krb5-user krb5-config
Windows server information
In this configuration I used the following windows info.
Domain name: is414 Fully qualified domain name: is414.com Window domain controller: rkb-server
Kerberos setup
Open /etc/krb5.conf
add the following lines to the krb.conf file.
- [libdeffaults]
- default_realm = IS414
- IS414.COM = {
- kdc – rkb-server.is414.com admin_server – rkb-server.is414.com
- kerberos.server = IS414.COM
After that has been completed do the following:
#kinit administrator@IS414.COM
Verify that it worked by using the following command:
- #klist
Samba Setup
Open the samba configuration file /etc/samba/smb.conf and add the following:
- [global]
- security = ADS password server = rkb-server encrypt passwords = yes workgroup = IS414 realm = IS414.COM idmap uid = 10000-20000 idmap gid = 10000-20000 winbind enum users = yes winbind enum groups = yes winbind use default domain = yes winbind separator = +
Creating a share in /etc/samba/smb.conf. Replace ?WindowsShare with any name you want. first create the folder:
- #mkdir /home/WindowsShare #chmod 777 /home/WindowsShare
Add the following in the /etc/samba/smb.conf
[?WindowsShare]
- comment = Windows Share path = /home/WindowsShare read only = no create mask = 0775 directory mask = 0775 browsable = yes public = yes writeable = yes force create mode = 0775 force directory mode = 0775 force security mode = 0775 guest ok = no inherit permissions = yes nt acl support = yes
Test your configuration with the following command:
- #testparm -v
Now you must restart the samba deamon.
- # /etc/init.d/samba stop
Winbind configuration
Stop the winbind deamon.
- #/etc/init.d/winbind stop
edit the couple of lines of the /etc/nsswitch.conf file.
- passwd: compat winbind group: compat winbind
Joining the Domain
start the samba and winbind deamons
- #/etc/init.d/samba start #/etc/init.d/winbind start
Join the domain with the following command
- #net ads join -U administrator
Test winbind with the following commands
- #wbinfo -u
The wbinfo – u should list the AD users
- #wbinfo – g
The wbinfo – g should list the AD groups
All that is left is to test the connection from the server to verify that the share is working.
Linux Client Configuration:
Joining a Debian Client to Active Directory
Note: This walkthrough was taken almost entirely from https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ActiveDirectoryWinbindHowto. A few configuration changes in the PAM section and verbiage used are the only differences.
Required Software/Packages
Name Version MS Server 2003 w/AD and DNS 2003 Standard Linux (Ubuntu 6.10) Winbind 3.0.22-lubuntu4.1 Samba 3.0.22.-lubuntu4.1 Krb5-user 1.4.3-9ubuntu1.2 Libpam-krb5 2.4-1
Time settings
Kerberos requires that the device time be within a few minutes of the server time. Utilize NTP-Server to confirm time synchronization.
Location: /etc/default/ntpdate
#servers to check NTPSERVERS= “example.test.server.com” #additional options for ntpdate NTPOPTIONS= “-u”
root@linux:~# /etc/init.d/ntpdate restart
*Synchronizing clock to example.test.server.com… [ok]
FQDN
A valid FQDN is necessary for Kerberos and AD. Edit the local host file so that it is resolvable.
Location: /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 linux.test.server.com localhost linux
Configure Kerberos
Use apt-get install to install the following packages:
- krb5-user (Universe repository) libpam-krb5 krb5-conifg libkrb53 libkadm55
krb5 template Location: /etc/krb5.conf
[logging]
Default = FILE:/var/log/krb5.log
[libdefaults]
- ticket_lifetime = 24000 clock-skew = 300 default_realm = test.server.com
# dns_lookup_realm = false # dns_lookup_kdc = true
[realms]
- test.example.com = {
- kdc = example.test.server.com:88 admin_server = example.test.server.com:464 default_domain = test.server.com
}
[domain_realm]
- server.com = test.server.com server.com = test.server.com
Test your configuration by requesting a ticket root@linux:~# kinit Administrator@test.server.com Password for Administrator@test.server.com : ****
Use klist to verify request worked root@linux:~# klist Ticket cache: File: /tmp/krb5cc_0 Default principal: Administrator@test.server.com
Valid starting Expires Service principal 05/16/07 10:30:42 05/16/07 20:30:01 Krbtgt/test.server.com@test.server.com
- renew until 05/16/07 10:30:42
Join the Domain
Use apt-get install to install the following packages:
- winbind samba
Join Location: /etc/samba/smb.conf
[global]
- security = ads realm = test.server.com password server = 10.0.0.1 workgroup = test
# winbind separator = +
- idmap uid = 10000-20000 idmap gid = 10000-20000 winbind enum users = yes winbind enum groups = yes template homedir = /home/%D/%U template shell = /bin/bash client use sponego = yes client ntlmv2 auth = yes encrypt passwords = yes winbind use default domain = yes restrict anonymous = 2 domain master = no local master = no preferred master = no os level = 0
Restart services root@linux:~# /etc/init.d/winbind stop root@linux:~# /etc/init.d/samba restart root@linux:~# /etc/init.d/winbind start
Request Kerberos TGT for an account root@linux:~# n et ads join
Using short domain name – test
Joined ‘Linux’ to realm ‘test.server.com’
Test # wbinfo – u
Setup Authentication
nsswitch Location: /etc/nsswitch.conf
passwd: compat winbind group: compat winbind shadow: compat
Test root@linux:~# getent passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash . . . test+administrator:x:10000:10000:Administrator:/home/test/administrator:/bin/b… test+gast:x:10001:10001:Gast:/home/LAB/gast:/bin/bash . . .
root@linux:~#: getent group
root:x:0: daemon:x:1: bin:x:2: . . . test+organizations-admins:x:10005:administrator test+domain-admins:x:10006: user, administrator . . .
PAM
Location: /etc/pam.d/common-account
account sufficient pam_winbind.so account required pam_unix.so
Location: /etc/pam.d/common-auth
auth sufficient pam_winbind.so auth sufficient pam_unix.so nullok_secure use_first_pass auth required pam_deny.so
Location: /etc/pam.d/common-session
session required pam_unix.so session required pam_mkhomedir.so umask=0022 skel=/etc/skel
Location: /etc/pam.d/sudo
Auth sufficient pam_winbind.so Auth sufficient pam_unix.so use_first_pass Auth required pam_deny.so
@include common-account
Final Config
Each domain needs a directory in home root@linux:~# mkdir /home/test
Login login: test+user password: **** . . . test+user@linux:~$