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This page describes how to install the ATI proprietary video driver (fglrx) on Debian systems. The free driver (xserver-xorg-video-ati) works just fine - use it. But when you want to run OpenCL-dependent applications or desire complete 3D acceleration then you need to bite into this forbidden fruit. For OpenCL also follow instructions on ATIStream.
Contents
fglrx stands for FireGL and Radeon for X, the proprietary (non-free) display driver made available by ATI Technologies (now AMD). This driver provides 2D and 3D acceleration for AMD/ATI video card chipsets. Information on supported devices can be found towards the end of this page.
For 3D acceleration, fglrx requires an associated kernel module, its compilation can be automated via module-assistant or DKMS.
As of fglrx-driver 1:9-4-1, support of chipsets prior to the r600 series has been dropped.1
For Radeon chipsets prior to the r600 series (i.e. models up to and including the X1950), they are supported by the "radeon" open source driver, which provides 3D acceleration via DRI. The "radeonhd" driver packaged in xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd supports the Radeon r5xx, r6xx and r7xx chipset series.
Installation
Sid
The problem with Debian unstable is that the X binary is repeatedly ahead of AMD/ATI's drivers. So, for running the non-free upstream drivers, one should consider installing the X binaries from Wheezy or snapshot.debian.org rather than the very latest. Together with a proper configuration through apt-pinning, one should achieve a decently stable system on unstable. Installation works in complete analogy to Squeeze.
At the time of writing (2011/11/30) xserver-xorg-core 2:1.11.1.902-1 is working just fine together with fglrx-driver 1:11-11-3.
Wheezy
? anybody who can report anything for Wheezy ?
On wheezy, now it works perfectly well, at least now. 2011-12-08
Squeeze
Add a "non-free" component to /etc/apt/sources.list, for example:
# Debian Squeeze/6.0 deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian squeeze main contrib non-free
Update the list of available packages, then install the relevant linux-headers, fglrx-control and fglrx-driver packages:
# aptitude update # aptitude -r install linux-headers-2.6-$(uname -r|sed 's,[^-]*-[^-]*-,,') fglrx-control fglrx-driver
This will also install fglrx-glx, fglrx-modules-dkms and other recommended packages. DKMS will build the fglrx module for your system.
If the X Window System is running, exit your desktop environment or window manager. If a display manager is in operation, switch to a virtual console and stop it. For example:
# invoke-rc.d gdm3 stop
or
# invoke-rc.d kdm stop
Unload the radeon and drm modules:
# modprobe -r radeon drm
If this command failed with error: Module radeon is in use then you should reboot the system. (It may be necessary when framebuffer uses radeon driver.)
Create or amend /etc/X11/xorg.conf to include a Device section and request use of the fglrx driver:
This command creates and configure automatically a xorg.conf file to use the ATI proprietary driver:
# aticonfig --initial
You can otherwise edit it by yourself:
# sensible-editor /etc/X11/xorg.conf
A minimal /etc/X11/xorg.conf example is shown below:
Section "Device" Identifier "ATI" Driver "fglrx" EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "Default Screen" DefaultDepth 24 EndSection
Save the file and exit the editor before continuing.Start the X Window System (startx) as a regular user, or start your display manager. For example:
# invoke-rc.d gdm3 start
or
# invoke-rc.d kdm start
Lenny
Add a "non-free" component to /etc/apt/sources.list, for example:
# Debian Lenny/5.0 deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian lenny main contrib non-free
Update the list of available packages. Install appropriate fglrx-modules-* packages for your system, along with the fglrx-control and fglrx-driver packages:
# aptitude update && aptitude -r install fglrx-modules-2.6-$(uname -r|sed 's,[^-]*-[^-]*-,,') fglrx-control fglrx-driver
This will also install fglrx-glx and other recommended packages.
If the X Window System is running, exit your desktop environment or window manager. If a display manager is in operation, switch to a virtual console and stop it. For example:
# invoke-rc.d gdm stop
or
# invoke-rc.d kdm stop
Unload the radeon and drm modules:
# modprobe -r radeon drm
Create or amend /etc/X11/xorg.conf to include a Device section and request use of the fglrx driver:
# sensible-editor /etc/X11/xorg.conf
A minimal /etc/X11/xorg.conf example is shown below:
Section "Device" Identifier "ATI" Driver "fglrx" EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "Default Screen" DefaultDepth 24 EndSection
Save the file and exit the editor before continuing.Start the X Window System (startx) as a regular user, or start your display manager. For example:
# invoke-rc.d gdm start
or
# invoke-rc.d kdm start
Kernel Modules
The canonical location for information on building these files is in the README.Debian shipped with fglrx-source. Assuming you still have non-free enabled, you should be able to install it with.
- sudo aptitude install fglrx-source
The readme can be viewed with
- less /usr/share/doc/fglrx-source/README.Debian.gz
Depending on which method of installing you choose, you will need to install different dependencies. The recommended way is to use module-assist.
- sudo aptitude install module-assistant
<<Anchor (configuration)>>
Configuring xorg
After installing everything, you will want to configure it.
The two main ways to do this are using aticonfig and amdcccle.
aticonfig will generate you a new xorg config from scratch (as long as X isn't currently running). This might be handy after you have installed for the first time.
If you are after a graphical tool to help you quickly switch on external monitors (or change other settings) then amdcccle is the tool for you. It requires running as root/with sudo, as it changes the xorg.conf
Supported Devices
Refer to the "Product Family Support" sections within the ATI Proprietary Driver Release Notes:
Squeeze (Debian 6.0): Catalyst 10.9 (fglrx 8.771)
Lenny (Debian 5.0): Catalyst 8.12 (fglrx 8.561)
See Also
ATIStream - OpenCL GPGPU programming
External Links
Be aware that upgrading from packages created by the ATI installer is and will most probably NEVER be supported by the Debian maintainer of the fglrx-driver package(s)!
Debian HOW-TO : ATI drivers - how to install and configure ATI proprietary drivers using module-assistant and the official ATI installer.
Unofficial ATI Linux Drivers Wiki - how to install, configure and test a basic setup with proprietary ATI drivers.
http://ati.amd.com/support/drivers/linux/linux-radeon.html - the ATI Driver Installer.
http://www.stanchina.net/~flavio/debian/fglrx-installer.html - obsolete Debian fglrx installer packages.
irc://irc.freenode.net/#ati - fglrx driver IRC channel.
http://lists.alioth.debian.org/pipermail/pkg-fglrx-devel/ - The Debian packager's mailing list
http://alioth.debian.org/projects/pkg-fglrx/ - Debian Project page on Alioth