FTP in Debian
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a network protocol used to transfer data from one computer to another through a network such as the Internet. (more about FTP on Wikipedia)
FTP Clients
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Debian provides many FTP clients (iceweasel has a basic [download only] client, Gnome has nautilus, KDE has konqueror, there is a command line tool named ftp but mc, lftp and ncftp have Ncurses based interface).
gftp is a popular and powerful ftp client (use apt-get search ftp to list others)
Vowel mutation problems
If you have problems with vowel mutation (Umlaut) errors in filenames this script will help to correct them:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/umlaute/
FTP Servers
Debian provides many FTP servers (see stable and sid lists, or use aptitude search ~Pftp-server on your system).
See Also
Download Debian
http://www.debian.org/CD/.